[♪♪]
[MAN SPEAKING IN ARABIC]
[SPEAKS IN ARABIC]
OMAR [IN ENGLISH]: I didn't want to believe in the beginning,
what happened to Jamal.
MALE NEWS ANCHOR [IN ENGLISH]: Prominent Saudi journalist
andWashington Post columnist
has gone missing after visiting
his country's consulate in Istanbul.
[♪♪]
OMAR [IN ENGLISH]: Yes, I knew that I was doing something dangerous.
But I didn't know that, you know,
we're going to lose so many lives because of it.
FEMALE NEWS ANCHOR [IN ENGLISH]: On Tuesday, Jamal Khashoggi
entered the Saudi consulate
in Istanbul but hasn't been seen since.
[CAMERA SHUTTERS CLICKING]
MALE NEWS ANCHOR: Saudi and Turkish officials
have given conflicting accounts
on the whereabouts of Jamal Khashoggi,
who's known for criticizing
Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman's policy
inside Saudi Arabia.
FEMALE NEWS ANCHOR: Once an adviser and friend
of Saudi's royal and elites,
he now lives in self-exile in the U.S.
and is an outspoken critic of his government's policies.
[♪♪]
FEMALE NEWS ANCHOR [IN ENGLISH]: Turkish authorities believe
prominent Saudi journalist,
Jamal Khashoggi, has been killed.
[CAMERA SHUTTER CLICKS]
[♪♪]
[IN ENGLISH] ...what I want in my retirement.
I'm 60 years old, and I want to enjoy life,
and I want to be free.
Unfortunately, the government treated me
as if I shot the King, God forbid, and I ran away.
As I am a traitor.
[♪♪]
OMAR [IN ENGLISH]: After his death,
Jamal became a hero.
We cry when we hear that the hero is killed.
But his works,
his cause, his vision,
it would live forever.
What do you know about the bees?
[♪♪]
IRFAN FIDAN [IN ARABIC]:
MALE INTERVIEWER [IN ENGLISH]:
IRFAN [IN ARABIC]:
MALE INTERVIEWER [IN ENGLISH]:
IRFAN [IN ARABIC]:
[♪♪]
IRFAN [IN ARABIC]:
MALE REPORTER [IN ENGLISH]: We know from here that
he entered this embassy and didn't come out.
...in Istanbul, seekingpaperwork to marry his fiancée.
FEMALE REPORTER: His fiancée saw him go in at 1:00 p.m.
and was still waiting for him after 1:00 a.m.
RECEP KILIC [IN ARABIC]:
INTERVIEWER [IN ENGLISH]:
MALE REPORTER 1 [IN ENGLISH]: Saudi officials have denied that
a prominent Saudi journalist is in their custody.
MALE REPORTER 2: Jamal Khashoggi has reportedly been missing
for more than 24 hours.
Turkey says that they will be cooperating
with Saudi authorities to resolve the incident.
FEMALE REPORTER: The consulate said it had no comment
when asked why he never came out.
[MALE REPORTERS SPEAKING IN ARABIC]
MALE REPORTER [IN ENGLISH]:Can you tell me what happened to Mr. Khashoggi?
What happened to Mr. Khashoggi?
[CAMERA SHUTTERS CLICKING]
MALE REPORTER: Did you talk to him?
[CAMERA SHUTTER CLICKS]
[PEOPLE CHATTERING IN ARABIC]
MALE PRODUCER [IN ARABIC]:
JAMAL KHASHOGGI: Okay.
Jamal-- [CLEARS THROAT]
Jamal Khashoggi.
Jamal Ahmad Khashoggi.
[IN ARABIC]:
PRODUCER [IN ARABIC]:
Right. Okay.
[IN ARABIC]:
[LAUGHTER]
[PEOPLE CHATTERING IN ARABIC]
[♪♪]
WADAH KHANFAR [IN ENGLISH]:
[IN ARABIC]:
WADAH KHANFAR [IN ENGLISH]:
[♪♪]
ROBERT: What year was that, Jamal, that you graduated?
-JAMAL: Eighty-one. Yes. -ROBERT: Nineteen eighty-one?
ROBERT: Business Administration degree from Indiana State.
But since then, I'm happy to see from his biography,
Jamal is a rara avis, at least in our society,
full-time long-term professional journalist.
He doesn't seem tempted to be doing anything else.
WADAH [IN ENGLISH]:
Saudi Arabia is a monarchy.
I mean, the king has ruled that it should happen.
[IN ENGLISH]
SERDAR ATAS [IN ENGLISH]:
[IN ENGLISH]
SERDAR [IN ENGLISH]:
[IN ENGLISH]
OMAR [IN ENGLISH]:
[♪♪]
-INTERVIEWER: On Twitter? -OMAR: On Twitter.
I was criticizing everything
except the royal family.
But I didn't have a very huge audience.
I was just a regular guy with hundred followers.
[POLICE SIREN WHIRS]
INTERVIEWER [IN ENGLISH]:
OMAR [IN ENGLISH]:
[♪♪]
[POLICE SIREN WAILING]
MALE REPORTER: The Saudi King's jet carries
its own royal staircase.
Waiting at the bottom of it at Gatwick Airport this morning
were the Prince and Princess of Wales.
The king of one of the most closed societies in the world
looking at ease in this more open one.
The Saudi government and the monarchy
has evolved significantly over the last 80 years,
basically, since the kingdom was founded.
The founder of Saudi Arabia, King Abdulaziz,
had about 37 sons or so.
And political power, as well as economic power,
was distributed among those sons.
MALE NARRATOR: A pivotal country saw a lavish welcome
for the man who controls
nearly half the world's oil reserves.
JOHN: Once King Abdulaziz died,
the crown was passed through
to his son,
to his son, to his son.
OMAR: King Salman became the king
and the game has completely changed.
SCOTT PELLEY: A new king reigns in a country
with enormous sway over the world economy
and the war on terror.
[♪♪]
JOHN: While in the past, the king really had to rely on
a lot of his brothers in order to govern the kingdom.
When they passed from the scene,
more and more powers concentrated
in the hands of his heirs,
and that's the situation we have today.
[♪♪]
[METAL DOOR CREAKING]
[PEOPLE CHATTERING]
[CAMERA SHUTTERS CLICKING]
FEMALE REPORTER: Saudi Arabia has granted
Turkish investigators permission to enter and search.
[IN ARABIC]
[♪♪]
[CAMERA SHUTTER CLICKS]
RECEP [IN ARABIC]:
[IN ENGLISH]
[IN ARABIC]
[IN ENGLISH]
RECEP [IN ARABIC]:
[FLASH BULB WHIRS]
[♪♪]
[CAR HORNS BLARING IN DISTANCE]
[BOAT HORN BLARES]
[SEAGULLS SQUAWKING]
AYMAN NOUR [IN ARABIC]:
[CROWD CLAMORING]
[ALL CHANTING IN ARABIC]
[CROWD CLAMORING; FIREWORKS POPPING]
ALL [CHANTING ARABIC]:
MALE REPORTER [IN ENGLISH]: This is history.
Protesters forcing change earlier this year in Tunisia,
now succeeding in forcing change in Egypt
after nearly 30 years of Mubarak rule.
[CHEERING]
That's two Arab leaders in two months.
MAN [IN ARABIC]:
[♪♪]
FEMALE NEWS ANCHOR [IN ENGLISH]: Arab governments are watching closely,
wary that a revolution might be headed
to their country next.
[♪♪]
SERDAR [IN ENGLISH]:
[PEOPLE CHATTERING]
[GUNFIRE]
[CROWD CLAMORING]
MALE REPORTER [IN ENGLISH]: The military's crackdown on opposition in Egypt
had resulted in over 14,000 people thrown in jail.
[DISTANT POLICE SIREN BLARING]
[IN ENGLISH]
WADAH [IN ENGLISH]:
[GUNFIRE]
JAMAL [IN ENGLISH]:
[AMBULANCE SIREN BLARING]
[♪♪]
IYAD EL-BAGHDADI [IN ENGLISH]: John, good morning.
I'm on a new phone.
Uh, this is temporary.
Let's not exchange sensitive information until you arrive.
But this is how to get in touch with me until then.
I tell people that Jamal and I
were not supposed to be friends.
I mean, I'm a pretty well-known dissident.
But in 2012, he started following me on Twitter.
He was very interested in social media
in terms of the phenomena.
[♪♪]
Saudi Arabia has an unprecedented online population.
We know that there's no free speech.
So, Twitter became the parliament of the Arabs.
OMAR [IN ENGLISH]:
INTERVIEWER:
[♪♪]
MALE NEWS ANCHOR [IN ENGLISH]: ...already proposed a series
of economic and social changes
under the banner of Saudi Vision 2030.
The highly anticipated 2030 Vision
seems to radically change the image of the Kingdom.
CHRISTIANE AMANPOUR: The man behind it all,
Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman,
is regarded as a progressive leader,
touting social and economic reforms.
[IN ARABIC]
AMANPOUR: And critics say, MBS,
as he's known, is also power hungry.
JOHN BRENNAN: I had met Mohammed Salman
when he was Chief of Staff to his father.
We understood that he was very ambitious,
a very impatient, and a favorite son.
He pushed aside King Salman's half-brother,
Prince Muqrin and the Crown Prince, Muhammad Nayef.
FEMALE REPORTER 1: He's being described as the power behind the throne,
and has had a hand in nearly everything in the Kingdom.
FEMALE REPORTER 2: He is emancipating women,
introducing music and cinema,
and cracking down on corruption.
OMAR [IN ENGLISH]:
[IN ENGLISH]
[AIRPLANE ENGINE WHIRRING]
FEMALE NEWS ANCHOR: This is an American first,
never before has a president set foot
on Saudi soil for his first trip abroad.
WADAH [IN ENGLISH]:
America will not seek to impose our way of life on others,
but to outstretch our hands
in the spirit of cooperation and trust.
SHANE HARRIS: What my sources told me
was the Saudis and Mohammed bin Salman, in particular,
were trying to forge a relationship
with people in The White House,
and most particularly with Jared Kushner,
who's the President's son-in-law and Senior Advisor.
WADAH [IN ENGLISH]:
Three billion dollars,
$533 million,
$525 million.
That's peanuts for you.
You should've increased it. Eight hundred...
OMAR [IN ENGLISH]:
[♪♪]
He said that he's milking the country.
WADAH [IN ENGLISH]:
I'm sure Saudi Arabian officials
were caught off-guard
by the election of Mr. Trump. Now...
I think all of us, as Saudis, should worry about it.
I strongly believe that the struggle for democracy
in the Middle East are the core of all problems.
WADAH [IN ENGLISH]:
MALE REPORTER [IN ARABIC]:
WADAH: When Jamal heard that statement,
he was shocked.
[♪♪]
IYAD: By 2017,
Jamal had an enormous audience.
MBS put together a plan to control the public sphere.
Saud al-Qahtani, MBS's right-hand man,
managed to implement this plan...
...creating Twitter army of trolls
to control the freedom of speech.
MALE REPORTER: Al-Qahtani worked behind the scenes
as an enforcer for the Crown Prince.
FEMALE REPORTER: Qahtani was known for targeting those
who spoke out against Riyadh on Twitter.
WADAH [IN ENGLISH]:
JAMAL [IN ENGLISH]:
[TROOPS CHANTING]
WADAH [IN ENGLISH]:
[CAMERA SHUTTERS CLICKING]
JAMAL [IN ENGLISH]:
MALE NEWS ANCHOR [IN ARABIC]:
MAN 1: They're not dissidents.
The people were not even being dissidents.
MAN 2: These were the thought-makers,
the opinion-makers of Saudi society.
Writers and intellectuals.
OMAR [IN ENGLISH]:
AYMAN [IN ARABIC]:
[♪♪]
[MEN CHATTERING IN ARABIC]
RECEP [IN ARABIC]:
IRFAN [IN ARABIC]:
RECEP [IN ARABIC]:
[IN ARABIC]
RECEP [IN ARABIC]:
IRFAN [IN ARABIC]:
RECEP [IN ARABIC]:
IRFAN [IN ARABIC]:
[♪♪]
[PEOPLE CHATTERING]
[WOMAN SPEAKING INDISTINCTLY OVER P.A.]
[IN ENGLISH]
MALE INTERVIEWER [IN ENGLISH]:
MALE NEWS ANCHOR: For the first time, we are now hearing
from the fiancée of WashingtonPost reporter Jamal Khashoggi...
...has called on U.S. lawmakers
to hold Saudi Arabia accountable.
His fiancée says she'll fight to ensure
everyone who is responsible for his death
is brought to justice.
[REPORTERS CLAMORING]
HATICE [IN ARABIC]:
MAN 1: Yeah. I need 10 minutes.
MAN 2: Yes.
HATICE [IN ARABIC]:
WOMAN: We need to cross the opening...
MAN: Absolutely. But let's go...
[CAMERA SHUTTERS CLICKING]
HATICE [IN ARABIC]:
MAN 1: If we can just announce the press briefing.
And is there any questions?
If there's questions, we cannot...
[REPORTERS CLAMORING]
[IN ARABIC]
[SEAGULLS SQUAWKING]
[AUDIENCE APPLAUSE]
JAMAL [IN ENGLISH]:
[♪♪]
HATICE [IN ARABIC]:
JAMAL [IN ARABIC]:
HATICE [IN ARABIC]:
[♪♪]
WADAH [IN ENGLISH]:
INTERVIEWER [IN ENGLISH]:
[IN ENGLISH]
OMAR [IN ARABIC]:
[♪♪]
OMAR: I said, "But here's the thing.
Not every single one of them trusts you."
You are saying that Jamal might be a spy.
MOHAMED SOLTAN: I met Jamal in Washington
after a manor connected me to him.
I think we bonded a lot over food. Heh.
Like most, I guess, Middle Easterners.
He told me that he had moved to the U.S.
and that he was all alone
and didn't know what was happening
for the first time in his life at age 60.
I remember he started tearing up,
telling me how his wife whom he had loved very, very much,
she wasn't okay with it.
She-- Nobody was.
His kids weren't okay with it.
Nobody was okay with it.
Everything was left behind
and the country-- 60 years of his life--
everything.
He struggled with it every single day.
In Saudi Arabia, he was the biggest insider.
And then, all of a sudden, he finds himself
on the outside,
on the very much outside.
[♪♪]
I felt, like, for him to settle emotionally,
mentally, physically, he needed to write again.
JAMAL [READING IN ENGLISH]:
[♪♪]
[IN ENGLISH]
DAVID IGNATIUS: I was a friend of Jamal Khashoggi's
for about 15 years.
When he came toThe Washington Post, he was transported.
This was something that he had dreamed about.
You have to understand what it's like
to be a journalist in Saudi Arabia.
Every time you try to say something
that's tough-minded, you get fired.
He was the sort of person that just couldn't take a pass.
If he felt something, he just insisted on writing it.
I watched him get fired
from a series of jobs in Saudi Arabia,
each time because he just couldn't stop himself
from saying what he thought was true.
[IN ENGLISH]
OMAR [IN ENGLISH]:
[SPEAKING ARABIC]
[IN ENGLISH]
[ARABIC CONTINUES]
[IN ENGLISH]
[SPEAKING ARABIC]
[WOMAN SPEAKS ARABIC]
[IN ARABIC] All we want from you this time
is to like and subscribe.
[IN ENGLISH]
OMAR [IN ARABIC]:
MOHAMMAD BIN SALMAN [IN ARABIC]:
We're seeing a truly historic upheaval unfold right now.
A royal purge in Saudi Arabia.
FEMALE REPORTER: King Salman ordered the creation
of a new anti-corruption committee
headed by son, Prince Mohammed Salman.
IYAD: November of 2017,
Mohammed Bin Salman basically rounds up
the most powerful people in Saudi Arabia,
puts them in the Ritz in Riyadh,
basically a five-star prison,
and shakes them down for a lot of money,
over a $100 billion.
FEMALE REPORTER: Mohammed Bin Salman ordered the arrest
of powerful princes, ministers, and investors.
Some are his rivals in the royal family.
OMAR [IN ENGLISH]:
[SOLDIERS YELLING CHANT IN ARABIC]
FEMALE REPORTER: Is this also about sending a message that,
as we say in America, there's a new sheriff in town?
[IN ARABIC]
[JET ENGINE REVVING]
JAMAL [IN ENGLISH]:
IYAD: Jamal was starting to realize that
there's little he can do for his country
from his position other than to write.
SERDAR: Jamal Khashoggi was kind of a black box
of the ruling elites in Saudi Arabia.
[IN ENGLISH]
It is easy to sit and say we need,
particularly in front of American audience,
we need more freedom, we need more--
these are golden things.
Everybody loves them.
-[ALL ARGUING]-ALI: You have to be practical.
I'm not asking for democracy,
I'm asking for people to be allowed to speak.
This is-- I'm asking for the minimum.
WADAH [IN ENGLISH]:
TURAN [IN ENGLISH]:
HATICE [IN ARABIC]:
OMAR [IN ENGLISH]:
[♪♪]
INTERVIEWER [IN ENGLISH]:
OMAR [IN ENGLISH]:
-INTERVIEWER [IN ENGLISH]: -OMAR [IN ENGLISH]:
[IN ARABIC]
OMAR [IN ENGLISH]:
INTERVIEWER [IN ENGLISH]:
OMAR [IN ENGLISH]:
[IN ARABIC]
[IN ENGLISH]
[♪♪]
INTERVIEWER [IN ENGLISH]:
OMAR [IN ENGLISH]:
[IN ARABIC]
OMAR [IN ENGLISH]:
INTERVIEWER [IN ENGLISH]:
OMAR [IN ENGLISH]:
[IN ARABIC]
[IN ENGLISH]
INTERVIEWER [IN ENGLISH]:
OMAR [IN ENGLISH]:
[IN ARABIC]
JAMAL [IN ARABIC]:
HATICE [IN ARABIC]:
[IN ENGLISH]
HATICE [IN ARABIC]:
[IN ENGLISH]
HATICE [IN ARABIC]:
JAMAL [IN ARABIC]:
HATICE [IN ARABIC]:
JAMAL [IN ARABIC]:
OMAR: In summer 2018,
they were attacking him basically every single day,
threatening him, trying to silence him.
[♪♪]
So Jamal felt the whole country was against him.
And that was hurting him.
He said, "Sometimes, I feel a lot like
"I don't wanna talk about anything.
I don't wanna expose my opinions."
I said, "No, no, no.
You're just a victim of what we call the Flies."
The government hired thousands of people.
Every one of them using 10, 20 accounts.
The moment they think critic of the government has posted,
the flies swarmed,
attacking with hundreds of negative replies.
Within minutes, the tweet is covered
in pro-government comments and hashtags,
causing the person's voice to be lost.
Then each fly posts pro-government articles
and hashtags, supporting MBS's vision.
And all of the fly can repost thousands of those tweets...
forcing the state's false narrative
to the top of trending inside the country.
IYAD: This is the whole Twitter monster
that Saud al-Qahtani created
and you have the troll master himself on the top.
OMAR [IN ENGLISH]:
OMAR [IN ARABIC]:
OMAR [IN ENGLISH]:
I could get hundreds of volunteers from Saudi Arabia,
Kuwait, Yemen, other countries.
Each armed with two, three phones,
generating hundreds of accounts.
[PHONE BUTTONS CLACKING]
But first we would have to make sure
that they are protected.
Anyone tweeting inside Saudi Arabia
will be immediately identified
since the government owns all this other networks.
So to mask their identities,
we must give them American or Canadian safeguards.
[INSECTS BUZZING]
To battle The Flies,
we will call ourselves The Bees Army.
We would organize the volunteers
into groups of 40 or 50 bees,
each reporting to a supervising lieutenant.
[♪♪]
Once I give the command, each lieutenant
will tell their bee soldier a specific tweet
or hashtag to protect.
But we're not going to use the same method.
[IN ENGLISH]
[BUZZING]
Give them the freedom
to say whatever they want.
The Flies will, of course, attack.
But if our numbers are stronger,
we will be able to rise above the propaganda machine...
and finally install freedom of speech inside the Kingdom.
Jamal was really happy of the idea.
He said, "Brilliant, I really like it."
[IN ENGLISH]
HATICE [IN ARABIC]:
OMAR [IN ENGLISH]:
OMAR [IN ARABIC]:
[OMAR SPEAKING ARABIC][MAN RESPONDS IN ARABIC]
OMAR [IN ENGLISH]:
[♪♪]
HATICE [IN ARABIC]:
OMAR [IN ENGLISH]:
[IN ARABIC]
[THUNDER RUMBLING]
HATICE [IN ARABIC]:
OMAR [IN ENGLISH]:
OMAR [IN ARABIC]:
HATICE [IN ARABIC]:
OMAR [IN ENGLISH]:
Focusing all our efforts on one hashtag,
#wható_doóyouó_knowóabout ó_the óbees?
[♪♪]
HATICE [IN ARABIC]:
[IN ARABIC]
[PHONE DIALING OUT]
[MEN SPEAKING IN ARABIC INDISTINCTLY]
INTERVIEWER: So the moment he left,
they called Saud al-Qahtani's office?
IRFAN [IN ARABIC]:
HATICE [IN ARABIC]:
OMAR [IN ENGLISH]:
[♪♪]
And that was the turning point.
It started trending.
[IN ARABIC]
[MEN SPEAKING INDISTINCTLY IN ARABIC]
[IN ARABIC]
OMAR [IN ENGLISH]:
Jamal was surprised, so then he started
to tweet with us, he tweeted it.
And then we did it.
Number one trending in Saudi Arabia.
And suddenly...
he's not answering.
He's just gone, disappeared.
[♪♪]
WADAH [IN ENGLISH]:
[PHONE RINGS]
FATIH: When I heard this, I was driving to my house.
My friends calling me continuously.
Come on, Jamal Khashoggi.
It's news.
I called a couple of journalists based in Istanbul
like Reuters, Al Jazeera,Washington Post.
There's really not a playbook for this type of situation,
but we did know that we needed to act quickly.
Within hours, we had a letter dispatched through the ambassador
and through the United States government to the Crown Prince.
[IN ENGLISH]
I'd ask to meet with the Saudi ambassador of the U.S.
who happens to be the brother of the Crown Prince.
First response was that he was looking into the matter.
[IN ENGLISH]
INTERVIEWER [IN ENGLISH]:
[IN ENGLISH]
[REPORTERS CLAMORING IN TURKISH]
[IN ARABIC]
WADAH [IN ENGLISH]:
First day, there was 10 or 12 journalists
waiting outside.
The day after, hundreds.
[REPORTER SPEAKING IN FOREIGN LANGUAGE]
He entered this embassy...
Two days later, 200.
We demand his immediate release if alive.
[IN ARABIC]
[♪♪]
OMAR [IN ENGLISH]:
[POLICE SIREN BLARING IN DISTANCE]
[IN ARABIC]
I am concerned about it.
I don't like hearing about it.
And hopefully, that will sort itself out.
Right now, nobody knows anything about it,
but there's somepretty bad stories going around.
I do not like it. Thank you. I'll see you.
I'll see you at 10:00.
[INDISTINCT CHATTER]
OMAR [IN ENGLISH]:
[SPEAKING ARABIC]
OMAR [IN ENGLISH]:
[INDISTINCT CHATTER]
OMAR [IN ENGLISH]:
[♪♪]
I will not let you down
and I will not stop defending you.
Always be well.
[♪♪]
FAHRETTIN [IN ENGLISH]:
[♪♪]
FEMALE REPORTER: To breaking news now, we are getting reports
that Turkish authorities believe that
prominent Saudi journalist
Jamal Khashoggi has been killed.
-Jamal Khashoggi-- -Jamal Khashoggi--
[ALL SPEAKING IN FOREIGN LANGUAGES]
FRED: We heard one lie after another
from the Saudi government.
Saudi Arabia has denied angrily
that it abducted, harmed, or killed Khashoggi.
Now suddenly, the country is admitting
that Khashoggi did die inside that building.
FRED: We heard that he suffocated accidentally.
We heard that there was a drug administered
that had an unintended effect.
The government now says he died in a fist fight.
[IN ARABIC]
[IN ENGLISH]
FEMALE REPORTER: A Saudi agent was captured on surveillance cameras
in Istanbul wearing Khashoggi's clothes.
[IN ENGLISH]
IRFAN [IN ARABIC]:
[IN ENGLISH]
BRIAN WILLIAMS: The Washington Post has just posted
the last piece Jamal Khashoggi wrote,
filed shortly before he was seen
entering that Saudi consulate in Turkey.
Tonight, there are still many unanswered questions
in his disappearance.
Earlier today, Turkish investigators
search the residence of...
HATICE [IN ARABIC]:
[♪♪]
This one.
[♪♪]
[IN ARABIC]
MAN [IN ARABIC]:
MAN:
HATICE:
MALE REPORTER [IN ARABIC]:
HATICE [IN ARABIC]:
[♪♪]
[VEHICLE HORN HONKING]
[IN ARABIC]
[♪♪]
IRFAN [IN ARABIC]:
GHIDA: The court has issued arrest warrants
for two additional suspects
in the killing of Jamal Khashoggi.
Ahmed al-Asiri was the country's Deputy Intelligence Chief
and high-ranking adviser to the Crown Prince.
Saud al-Qahtani was a Royal Court Adviser
and key counselor to Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman.
ABDULHAMIT [IN ARABIC]:
[IN ARABIC]
MALE REPORTER: The chief prosecutor who's been holding
a joint investigation with his Saudi counterpart this week
issued a statement following their talks.
He says discussions yielded no concrete results,
despite Turkey's intentions to reveal the truth.
[IN ARABIC]
MAN 1: Sir, can you say anything from the investigation?
MAN 2: Where is Khashoggi's body?
[♪♪]
[CAR HORN HONKING]
OMAR [IN ENGLISH]:
[♪♪]
JOHN SCOTT-RAILTON: My name is John Scott-Railton.
I'm a senior researcher at a place called The Citizen Lab.
It's this group of researchers and investigators
that try to understand
the digital things
that are targeting civil society,
so journalists, activists, everybody really,
who's part of what constitutes a flourishing democracy.
It's almost a miracle that we found Omar.
It's a miracle that he survived this long.
[♪♪]
There's sort of a growing global market for spyware.
Governments want to listen to encrypted phone calls.
They wanna read your WhatsApp chats,
your Signal chats, and they can't do it
as that chat goes across their network.
So, their solution to this is, let's hack the phone.
INTERVIEWER: Was the CIA aware
that the Saudis had purchased spyware from Israel?
I'm not going to confirm or deny.
That's either-- We're aware of certain things.
All's I will say is that the Saudi services
are able to have insight into what their citizens
or what even non-Saudi citizens were doing
inside the Kingdom and outside.
[♪♪]
ANTHONY J. FERRANTE: Saudi Arabia is definitely
a major player in the space.
Throughout my entire career, I focused on the top four--
Russia, China, Iran, North Korea.
And I think it's safe to say that Saudi Arabia
has comparable skills and abilities
to conduct cyber operations.
I think it's important for people to understand
how easy it is to access these tools.
IYAD: Thanks to an Israeli company called NSO,
the Saudis have the best hacking technology
that money can buy.
Pegasus Version Two.
JOHN S.: Pegasus is a piece of software,
but it's also a capability,
it's the capability to infect a phone
and turn it into a digital spy
in the pocket of the victim--
siphoning off private and encrypted chats,
photographs, messages,
even enabling the microphone and the camera,
turn that phone into a bug in a room.
IYAD: They sent a malicious link.
The link looks legit, you know, it looks like, for example,
you know, boarding pass,
you click on it and it actually goes where it's supposed to go,
but in between, it's downloading something
into your device.
ANTHONY: Once it compromises mobile devices,
the end user of the Pegasus tool
has unfettered access to that device.
JOHN S.: Think of your phone today, the people you talk to,
the photos you take, the places you go,
the things that you say around and into your phone, right?
This is a huge slice of your life.
And that stuff is tremendously valuable
to somebody who wants to monitor you,
who wants to figure out what you're doing
and maybe who wants to subvert
your political activity.
Once Pegasus takes control of a phone, it's game over.
[♪♪]
OMAR [IN ENGLISH]:
JOHN S.: To share information, an infected device
is gonna be talking to the servers that control it.
It has to phone home.
And so we had developed a technique
to see what networks might have infected devices.
So, what we found in Montreal
in December 2018
is that there appeared to be a device
in the University Network phoning home
to a cluster of servers that belonged
to Saudi Arabia's Pegasus deployment.
[♪♪]
OMAR [IN ENGLISH]:
[♪♪]
JOHN S.: So, we go to Montreal, we sit with Omar
and actually find the message on Omar's phone
that we believe led to that infection.
It looks like a DHL shipping tracking notification.
Only it isn't.
OMAR [IN ENGLISH]:
AHMED [IN ARABIC]:
OMAR [IN ENGLISH]:
[SOBBING]
[♪♪]
[IN ENGLISH]
IRFAN [IN ARABIC]:
AGNES:Are you being allowed in? Are the Saudis allowing you in?
[IN ENGLISH]
AGNES: Some of the tape recordings we've heard
preceded the killing.
[IN ENGLISH]
[MEN SPEAKING IN ARABIC INDISTINCTLY]
AGNES: "Joints will be separated.
"It's not a problem.
[♪♪]
[CAMERA SHUTTERS CLICKING]
[IN ARABIC]
[♪♪]
AGNES: The conversation turns to,
"Will you come back to Saudi Arabia?"
The fear is escalating in his voice.
Then we hear a struggle.
IRFAN [IN ARABIC]:
AGNES: You can hear the other people
IRFAN [IN ARABIC]:
AGNES: The most difficult part of those recordings
[IN ARABIC]
[♪♪]
WADAH: I was thinking, when he entered his consulate...
[IN ENGLISH]
[♪♪]
[POLICE SIRENS BLARING IN DISTANCE]
TRUMP: The king firmly denied any knowledge of it.
I don't wanna get into his mind.
But it sounded to me like
maybe these could have been rogue killers. Who knows?
[♪♪]
FEMALE NEWS ANCHOR: World leaders are gathering in Saudi Arabia
for a summit commonly known as "Davos in the desert."
IYAD: A couple weeks after the murder,
there was a big, important conference for Saudi Arabia.
MALE REPORTER: Davos in the desert is supposed to promote Saudi Crown Prince,
Mohammed bin Salman's reform vision for the Kingdom.
IYAD: Davos in the desert is the make or break part of Vision 2030.
But it ended up being a fiasco for MBS.
[♪♪]
DAVID IGNATIUS: The Jamal story
galvanized public attention
in the United States, around the world.
It may destroy MBS' hopes for modernizing the Kingdom
because he needs investors,
he needs people who invest in the Kingdom.
And right now, he has become toxic.
[♪♪]
MALE NEWS ANCHOR: As pressure on Saudi mounts,
several U.S. media organizationsand business leaders
have pulled out of a major investment conference in Riyadh.
The conference happens,
all those important guests eventually don't go.
Jeff Bezos was supposed to be a secret guest.
Bezos is someone with a direct relationship with MBS.
They messaged each other.
They talked about business. They talked about, you know,
all the great things they're gonna do together.
And he was supposed to declare
this enormous deal at this conference.
But after the murder,
Bezos just stopped all contact with MBS.
Bezos owns The Washington Post,
which means that Jamal worked for him.
It seemed that MBS expected Bezos to say, "You know what?
"I control this newspaper
and I can curb them. I can tell them,
you know, don't make a big deal about this."
But when push came to shove, Bezos did not interfere
whenThe Washington Post started a whole campaign.
"Justice for Jamal".
[♪♪]
MBS saw that as betrayal.
DAVID KAYE: After Davos in the desert,
we have evidence
that Jeff Bezos' phone
had been infected with malware.
And the way in which that technology was delivered
to his phone was through a text
from the Crown Prince himself.
I am the United Nations Special Rapporteur
on Freedom of Opinion and Expression.
The work that I've been doing over the last 18 months or so
is on the private surveillance industry.
[♪♪]
A video was sent in 2018
from MBS' WhatsApp account
to Jeff Bezos' phone.
Then we see this massive increase
in data leaving the phone.
It was only after
the killing of Jamal Khashoggi
thatThe Washington Post was an important target
for Saudi Arabia.
This was exactly the moment whenThe National Enquirer
was saying to Bezos,
"We have evidence connecting you to an affair."
So Bezos' security team is learning
that his phone may have been compromised.
But at the same time,
Bezos is getting WhatsApp messages
from MBS that are strange.
Essentially, "Whatever you're hearing
about Saudi involvement in this is not true."
In order to send those kinds of text messages,
MBS has to know
what Bezos is learning about Saudi involvement.
And then what we see is that
there's this massive Saudi online campaign,
a Twitter campaign,
against Jeff Bezos.
[♪♪]
IYAD: The intention was to humiliate
and to punish Bezos.
It was exactly the same thing that they did to Jamal.
[♪♪]
DAVID KAYE: That mere fact that MBS has the reach
to conduct surveillance on the richest man in the world
is not only striking, but it's scary.
FEMALE NEWS ANCHOR: Earlier today, CIA Director, Gina Haspel briefed
a select group of high ranking senators on the killing
ofWashington Post columnist, Jamal Khashoggi.
SHANE: The CIA Director, Gina Haspel met with the Turks
and said, "Show me the audio. Let me hear it."
The CIA Director's job is to present the information
to a policymaker so they can make a decision on how to act.
This assessment was different.
If the Crown Prince went in front of a jury,
he would be convicted in 30 minutes.
Yes.
They're buying hundreds of billions of dollars' worth
of things from this country.
I'm not gonna destroy the economy for our country
by being foolish with Saudi Arabia, so...
There's not a smoking gun, there's a smoking saw.
You have to be willfully blind
not to come to the conclusionthat this was orchestrated
and organized by people in-- under the command of MBS.
Did MBS lie to you, sir?
He told me thathe had nothing to do with it.
-But what if he's lying?-As recently as a few days ago.
Did you just live with it because you need him?
Well, will anybody really know, all right?
Will anybody really know?
I have not seen,
in 20 years covering intelligence,
the conclusion from the CIA that is this confident
about the role of one person in an act.
Everybody but the President agrees
that Mohammed bin Salman ordered
Jamal Khashoggi's assassination.
[IN ARABIC]
[♪♪]
[RECORDED ANNOUNCEMENT OVER P.A. IN DISTANCE]
OMAR [IN ENGLISH]:
[♪♪]
WOMAN [IN ARABIC]:
[♪♪]
WADAH [IN ENGLISH]:
[IN ARABIC]
[APPLAUSE]
OMAR [IN ENGLISH]:
MAN: Nine, eight, seven...
MALE NEWS ANCHOR [IN ARABIC]:
JAMAL [IN ARABIC]:
[CONTINUES INDISTINCTLY IN ARABIC]
DAVID KAYE: The first day they broadcast,
Jamal invites Shiite dissidents on the air,
who were the people who the Bahrainian authorities most feared.
[IN ENGLISH]
WADAH [IN ENGLISH]:
[♪♪]
OMAR [IN ENGLISH]:
[MAN CHATTERING IN ARABIC]
OMAR [IN ARABIC]:
[IN ENGLISH]
[CHATTERING IN ARABIC]
OMAR [IN ENGLISH]:
[IN ARABIC]
[♪♪]
RAND PAUL: Are we so blind
to the malign influence of Saudi Arabia
that we just give money and weapons
to anybody regardless of what they do?
You can cut a dissident into pieces with a bone saw
and we'll still give you weapons?
HATICE [IN ARABIC]:
[CAMERA SHUTTERS CLICKING]
OMAR [IN ENGLISH]:
[PEOPLE CHATTERING]
[AUDIENCE CHEERING]
[IN ARABIC]
AUDIENCE [IN ARABIC]:
[♪♪]
AGNES [IN ENGLISH]:
OMAR [IN ARABIC]:
AGNES:
WOMAN: Thank you.
I now give the floor to Saudi Arabia.
[SPEAKING IN ARABIC]
INTERPRETER [IN ENGLISH]: Thank you.
Accusations have been launched
and fingers have been pointed,
we reject any attempt to remove this
from our national justice system in Saudi Arabia
in respect to the form that that may take.
Many thanks.
[IN ARABIC]
Did you order the murder of Jamal Khashoggi?
[MOHAMMED SPEAKING ARABIC]
INTERPRETER [IN ENGLISH]: Absolutely not.
Some think that I should know
what three million people working
for the Saudi government do daily?
Absolutely not.
[PEOPLE CHATTERING]
HATICE: My name is Hatice Cengiz.
I'm addressing you as a victim,
a title forced on me after the brutal murder of my Jamal.
Jamal and I would have been husband and wife by now.
The failure to punish Jamal's murderers affects us all.
But also democracy, human rights, and freedom.
Mr. Chair, the truth always wins.
History will take note.
Please take action. Thank you.
OMAR [IN ARABIC]:
[♪♪]
WADAH [IN ENGLISH]:
Hatice, you paced that street
and waiting for hours.
No one should ever have to endure what you did.
We are here
and you are not alone.
[APPLAUSE]
[IN ENGLISH]
WADAH [IN ENGLISH]:
[WOMAN VOCALIZING]
[WOMAN SINGING IN ARABIC]