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Provided by explosiveskull
https://twitter.com/kaboomskull
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That dream of a personal
computer really came true.
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Was fun to do that, I worked
night and day doing it.
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I met Melinda, another employee
there, and married her.
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I now have three wonderful kids.
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But also the success
of Microsoft,
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I owned part of Microsoft,
that became very valuable.
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I know, huge, huge numbers,
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and if I had not given that
money to my foundation,
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I would today have more money
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than anyone else on the planet.
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I still have a lot because
I haven't put it all
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into the foundation,
but that is the plan.
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Bill Gates, the
extraordinarily successful
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American business leader
and philanthropist.
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One of the best
known entrepreneurs
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who started a business
out of a tiny space,
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and it grew into one
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of the most powerful companies
in the world, Microsoft.
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One of the wealthiest
men on the planet
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with an estimated net
worth of over $100 billion,
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but also one of
the greatest minds.
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After spending 13 years as
the world's richest man,
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he now spends his
time and energy
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on tackling global poverty,
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and dedicates his efforts
in philanthropic endeavors
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such as climate change,
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global health and
development, and education.
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After revolutionizing
the tech industry,
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Bill Gates has become a
tech billionaire legend.
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Talented, driven,
a bold achiever with a long-term vision,
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determined to make a
significant positive impact
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in the world, by helping
the poorest countries.
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Bill Gates is an example.
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This man cares
about those in need
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and is fighting
for great causes.
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Follow the journey of one of
the world's greatest leaders,
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from his early days as a
quiet computer programmer
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to the multi-billionaire
philanthropist he's become today,
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and whose social and political
impact on society is deep.
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They are masterminds.
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Ambitious, competitive and
ruthless, not afraid of failure,
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dedicated to their mission
of bettering the world,
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always reaching for excellence,
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they lead by example.
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Unlike many industries,
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the tech billionaires
are mostly self-made.
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It is through their genius
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that they revolutionize
the industry
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and together they
change the world.
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Join us in this series,
as we take a look
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at some of the wealthiest
entrepreneurs in the modern world,
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the tech billionaires.
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Bill Gates, Elon Musk, Mark
Zuckerberg and Jeff Bezos.
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Together they're
worth a collective
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of more than $900 billion.
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They will be
remembered in history
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as the most influential
people of the 21st century.
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Bill Gates was born
William Henry Gates Jr,
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on October 28th, 1955,
in Seattle, Washington.
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He grew up in an
upper middle-class
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loving and supportive family,
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with his older sister Kristianne
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and his younger sister Libby.
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Their father, William
Henry Gates Sr.,
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was a Seattle attorney,
philanthropist
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and co-creator of the Bill
and Melinda Gates Foundation.
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His mother, Mary Gates,
was a school teacher
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and devoted her time to
helping raise the children
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and working on civic
affairs and with charities.
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Gates was a relatively
privileged child.
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His parents encouraged
all three children
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to be competitive and
strive for excellence.
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He excelled in school, showed
early signs of competitiveness
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and intellectual achievement,
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and quickly gained a fascination
for computer language.
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At 13, he wrote his
first software program
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while at Lakeside High
School, and met Paul Allen,
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an encounter that
would change his life.
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Leaving his family at 17,
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he moved to Cambridge,
Massachusetts
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and enrolled at Harvard
University in 1973,
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originally thinking
of a career in law.
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But he would change
his plans later on.
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There he met Steve Ballmer,
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who encouraged him to
have more social life.
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Introvert and often
ridiculed as a nerd,
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Gates was very much into reading
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and declared himself
that he was antisocial.
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He only dated on rare occasions
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and made sure whoever he was
dating had scored, like him,
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a high SAT grade.
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His mother was
deeply disappointed,
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when two years later he
dropped out of Harvard
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to pursue his own mission,
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and start his own
computer software business
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with his high school
friend Paul Allen,
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in Albuquerque, New Mexico.
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But little did they know
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it would end up changing
the course of history
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and the computer industry.
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The now multi-billion-dollar
giant tech company
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would propel Gates to success,
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making him a
millionaire by age 26,
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the youngest billionaire at 31,
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and one of the richest
men in the world.
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With the ambitious goal
of placing together
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a computer on every
desk and in every home,
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together they founded Microsoft.
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Well, we're continually
trying to make
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the computers easier to use.
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I mean, the idea
is that eventually
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everyone will use a computer
as a very important tool.
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It was interesting
for me, you know,
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I met a lot of other kids
who were good at math.
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I hung out and that was fun.
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But I was still kind of dreaming
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of the idea of a
personal computer.
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So in 1975, I dropped
out of school.
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I don't recommend it,
but I left Harvard.
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I went on leave from Harvard
and started Microsoft.
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Gates
later moved the company
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to Bellevue, Washington in 1979,
closer to where he grew up.
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Although it started
on shaky grounds,
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by this time it was grossing
approximately $2.5 million.
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At the age of only 23,
Gates placed himself
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as head of the company.
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He led with a keen business
sense and personally reviewed
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every line of code
the company shipped,
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often rewriting code himself
when it was necessary.
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In November 1980, the world's
dominant computer maker, IBM,
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was looking for software
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that would operate
their personal computer,
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and approached Microsoft.
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Legend has it that at the
first meeting with Gates,
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someone at IBM mistook him
for an office assistant
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and asked him to serve coffee.
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Gates expertly manipulated
the larger company,
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so they became permanently
dependent on him
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for basic software.
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Following the development
of software for IBM,
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between 1979 and 1981,
Microsoft's growth exploded.
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Staff increased and revenue
shot up from $2.5 million
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to $16 million.
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As the company grew,
Gates transitioned
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from a manager role
to an executive.
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In mid '81 he was
appointed president
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and chairman of the board.
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Allen was named
executive vice president.
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By 1983 Microsoft
was going global,
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with offices in Great
Britain and Japan.
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An estimated 30% of
the world's computers
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ran on its software.
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The competition was high,
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as the computer
industry was growing
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with companies like
Apple and Intel,
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but he saw it as a good thing
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and used it as fuel
to keep improving.
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Well, we've had competitors
at every stage of our history.
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You know, one of the
big things for us
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was IBM saying they'd put us
out of business with OS/2.
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OS/2 isn't as well
known today as it was
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when that was said.
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Ashton-Tate was big in database,
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Novell in networking software.
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And so when new
competitors come along,
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it's great for consumers.
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He even values
competitors like Google.
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Great to have
Google out there.
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It's really pushing us
on the internet search.
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We enjoy that.
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So fear's not the right word,
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but the value of competition
and the enjoyment
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and the visibility that
brings, that's great.
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Using various
business and marketing tactics,
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Gates was working
hard to make sure
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the Microsoft software
stayed on top.
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The work we're doing is,
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it's not like we're doing
the same thing all day long.
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We go into our offices
and think up new programs.
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We get together in meetings.
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We go out and see end users.
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We talk to customers.
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There's so much variety,
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and there's always
new things going on.
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And I don't think
there'll ever come a time
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when that would be boring.
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Despite the
success of Microsoft,
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Gates never felt totally secure.
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And he had to demonstrate
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a strong dedication
to his business.
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Always checking on the
competition over his shoulder,
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he developed a drive
and competitive spirit
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and a confrontational attitude.
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He became a solid
business leader.
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When we were small,
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we couldn't do these
advanced research things.
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And so we're stronger
today than ever,
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because we have the
research lab in Cambridge.
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We've got a research lab
now in China, one in India,
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and that's where
the top problems
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in computer science
are gonna be solved.
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That's why Microsoft
got such a great future,
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because we're looking
into how to do
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that speech recognition
or visual recognition,
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things that people have
talked about for a long time,
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we're actually doing it.
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And that's because
we're a company
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that takes long-term approach.
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We've got these
great researchers
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and in this next decade,
all of those tough problems
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will be solved with software.
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His
intelligence allowed him
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to see all sides of
the software industry
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from product development
to corporate strategy.
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I enjoy working
with the people,
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talking about what
we're gonna get done,
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getting real
excited, making sure
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that the structure is there,
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that the ideas get
measured properly
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and really leading the
company, that's exciting.
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Right around
the same time as Microsoft,
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another company was built,
the revolutionary Apple.
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Its CEO, Steve Jobs.
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It was a natural
catalyst for the rivalry,
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and it actually
spurred their success.
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Though their love-hate
relationship is legend,
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Microsoft and Apple shared many
of their early innovations.
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And they weren't always enemies.
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In 1981 Apple invited Microsoft
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to help develop software
for Macintosh computers.
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Well, we've always had lots
of competitors, you know.
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There are a lot of great
companies in this industry.
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It is becoming more
software-centered.
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That is if you take, why is
the Xbox 360 doing so well?
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Or why are other people's
things doing well?
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It's that software capability.
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And that's a bet that we made
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at the beginning of the company,
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that software would
be fundamental.
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We're the company that does
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the most advanced
research in software.
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So we think that's gonna
pay off very well for us,
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but we love the competition.
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Some areas like the
tablet or interactive TV,
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we're kind of out on our own.
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Other areas like search,
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people see that someone
else has done a good job,
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and we can surprise
them by showing
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that we can match and go beyond.
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It was through
this knowledge-sharing
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that Microsoft
developed a new system.
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On November 20th, 1985,
Microsoft launched Windows,
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which looked visually very
similar to the Macintosh system
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00:13:21,409 --> 00:13:23,929
introduced two years
earlier by Apple.
256
00:13:25,370 --> 00:13:28,289
Windows used a mouse to
drive a graphic interface,
257
00:13:28,330 --> 00:13:31,490
displaying text and
images on the screen.
258
00:13:31,529 --> 00:13:34,250
This differed greatly
from the operating system
259
00:13:34,289 --> 00:13:36,169
developed by Microsoft,
260
00:13:36,210 --> 00:13:39,650
where all text formatting
showed on the screen as code,
261
00:13:39,690 --> 00:13:41,690
and not what actually
would be printed.
262
00:13:42,889 --> 00:13:46,689
In March 1986, Gates
took Microsoft public
263
00:13:46,730 --> 00:13:50,170
with an initial offering
of $21 per share,
264
00:13:50,210 --> 00:13:53,450
making him an instant
millionaire at age 31.
265
00:13:54,850 --> 00:13:57,970
Over time, the company
stock increased in value.
266
00:13:58,009 --> 00:14:01,929
Just a year later in '87,
Gates became a billionaire,
267
00:14:01,970 --> 00:14:06,529
when the stock hit
$90.75 a share.
268
00:14:06,570 --> 00:14:08,290
Since then he's been at the top,
269
00:14:08,330 --> 00:14:11,490
or at least near the top,
of Forbes annual list
270
00:14:11,529 --> 00:14:14,689
of the top 400 wealthiest
people in America.
271
00:14:15,889 --> 00:14:17,449
By the start of the '90s,
272
00:14:17,490 --> 00:14:20,769
he'd become the PC industries
ultimate kingmaker.
273
00:14:22,129 --> 00:14:25,730
In 1999 with stock prices
at an all-time high,
274
00:14:25,769 --> 00:14:29,610
Gates wealth briefly
top $101 billion.
275
00:14:32,009 --> 00:14:35,250
I feel very proud of
the record of our industry
276
00:14:35,289 --> 00:14:36,569
in serving customers.
277
00:14:36,610 --> 00:14:39,570
It's really breathtaking
the power that you get
278
00:14:39,610 --> 00:14:41,050
for very little money.
279
00:14:41,090 --> 00:14:45,889
Any industry where somebody can
start a company from scratch
280
00:14:46,809 --> 00:14:48,009
and in less than four years
281
00:14:48,049 --> 00:14:50,370
sell that company
for $10 billion,
282
00:14:50,409 --> 00:14:52,370
that's an industry
of opportunity.
283
00:14:52,409 --> 00:14:54,089
There are more new startups,
284
00:14:54,129 --> 00:14:56,210
more new jobs being
created in our industry,
285
00:14:56,250 --> 00:14:58,289
more new competitors
to Microsoft
286
00:14:58,330 --> 00:15:01,210
being formed now
than ever before.
287
00:15:03,769 --> 00:15:05,250
It should
not be surprising
288
00:15:05,289 --> 00:15:07,730
that one of the wealthiest
people in the world
289
00:15:07,769 --> 00:15:11,649
has an insanely
extravagant high-tech home.
290
00:15:11,690 --> 00:15:14,130
In 1997, Gates and his family
291
00:15:14,169 --> 00:15:17,009
would move into a
66,000 square foot,
292
00:15:17,049 --> 00:15:20,289
$54 million massive mansion
293
00:15:20,330 --> 00:15:22,770
that he spent seven
years building
294
00:15:22,809 --> 00:15:25,129
on the shore of Lake Washington.
295
00:15:26,330 --> 00:15:29,530
The property is loaded
with high-tech details.
296
00:15:29,570 --> 00:15:32,490
It features screens
showing changeable artwork,
297
00:15:32,529 --> 00:15:34,769
has speakers hidden
behind wallpaper,
298
00:15:34,809 --> 00:15:38,329
allowing music to follow
you from room to room.
299
00:15:38,370 --> 00:15:40,889
It even has a sand beach
and a swimming pool
300
00:15:40,929 --> 00:15:43,370
with its own underwater
sound system.
301
00:15:44,850 --> 00:15:49,330
The estate he dubbed Xanadu
2.0 is so big and famous,
302
00:15:50,169 --> 00:15:52,569
it has its own Wikipedia page.
303
00:15:53,769 --> 00:15:56,289
But all of this didn't
come without ambition,
304
00:15:56,330 --> 00:15:58,730
efforts and perseverance.
305
00:15:58,769 --> 00:16:03,769
Bill Gates always kept a strong
will and kept being smart.
306
00:16:14,049 --> 00:16:17,250
Gates also had overcome his
fears to launch Microsoft
307
00:16:17,289 --> 00:16:19,329
and make it a success.
308
00:16:19,370 --> 00:16:20,850
He had to overcome challenges
309
00:16:20,889 --> 00:16:23,049
by eventually learning
how to delegate.
310
00:16:24,450 --> 00:16:27,009
Before Microsoft
became a success,
311
00:16:27,049 --> 00:16:29,209
he struggled with
self-confidence
312
00:16:29,250 --> 00:16:32,490
and actually feared that his
business would be a bust.
313
00:16:33,970 --> 00:16:37,009
In fact, his first attempt to
build his first ever business,
314
00:16:37,049 --> 00:16:41,889
Traf-O-Data at 17 years old
with Paul Allen, was a fail,
315
00:16:42,850 --> 00:16:44,409
but it would be the early steps
316
00:16:44,450 --> 00:16:47,610
of what would ultimately
become Microsoft.
317
00:16:49,049 --> 00:16:52,289
"Even though Traf-O-Data
wasn't a roaring success,
318
00:16:52,330 --> 00:16:54,009
"it was seminal in preparing us
319
00:16:54,049 --> 00:16:57,529
"to make Microsoft's first
product a couple of years later",
320
00:16:57,570 --> 00:16:59,650
explained Allen
some years later.
321
00:17:01,250 --> 00:17:03,809
His confidence was
also broken many times
322
00:17:03,850 --> 00:17:06,690
as he watched companies
he idolized fail.
323
00:17:07,609 --> 00:17:09,649
Gates' anxiety has persisted,
324
00:17:09,690 --> 00:17:12,970
but his early days taught
him a vital lesson.
325
00:17:13,009 --> 00:17:16,650
Things are risky and you better
not miss a turn in the road.
326
00:17:18,009 --> 00:17:20,529
He realized that feeling
challenged early in his career
327
00:17:20,569 --> 00:17:22,329
helped him be successful.
328
00:17:23,769 --> 00:17:26,809
Later on, Microsoft had to
settle several lawsuits,
329
00:17:26,849 --> 00:17:29,209
after being accused
of becoming a monopoly
330
00:17:29,250 --> 00:17:32,490
and using anti-competitive
practices.
331
00:17:32,529 --> 00:17:35,369
They had to pay a
devastating price.
332
00:17:37,809 --> 00:17:41,009
In 1987, Gates, then 32,
333
00:17:41,049 --> 00:17:44,250
sat next to the young
and bright Melinda French
334
00:17:44,289 --> 00:17:47,250
at a business dinner
party in New York City.
335
00:17:47,289 --> 00:17:51,450
She was a 23-year-old
Microsoft product manager.
336
00:17:51,490 --> 00:17:54,009
The pair was a perfect match.
337
00:17:58,289 --> 00:18:02,210
On January 1st, 1994,
Melinda and Gates
338
00:18:02,250 --> 00:18:04,250
were married in Hawaii.
339
00:18:10,009 --> 00:18:11,490
They had three children.
340
00:18:18,490 --> 00:18:19,970
Following the devastating death
341
00:18:20,009 --> 00:18:21,450
of his mother to breast cancer
342
00:18:21,490 --> 00:18:23,930
just a few months
after their wedding,
343
00:18:23,970 --> 00:18:27,370
they took some time
off in 1995 to travel
344
00:18:27,410 --> 00:18:31,050
and get a new perspective
on life and the world.
345
00:18:36,009 --> 00:18:37,769
Following the
footsteps of his mother
346
00:18:37,809 --> 00:18:39,929
and with Melinda's influence,
347
00:18:39,970 --> 00:18:41,690
Gates started to
gain an interest
348
00:18:41,730 --> 00:18:44,849
in becoming a civic leader
and a philanthropist.
349
00:18:45,809 --> 00:18:48,329
In 1994, the couple established
350
00:18:48,369 --> 00:18:51,089
the William Henry
Gates Foundation.
351
00:18:51,130 --> 00:18:54,970
In 2000, the couple combined
several family foundations
352
00:18:55,009 --> 00:18:57,930
and made a $28
billion contribution
353
00:18:57,970 --> 00:19:01,049
to form the Bill and
Melinda Gates Foundation
354
00:19:01,089 --> 00:19:02,490
based in Seattle.
355
00:19:03,930 --> 00:19:06,250
It is reported to be the
largest private foundation
356
00:19:06,289 --> 00:19:10,569
in the world, holding around
$50 billion in assets.
357
00:19:12,210 --> 00:19:16,009
It is dedicated to supporting
education, world health
358
00:19:16,049 --> 00:19:19,009
and reducing extreme
poverty across the globe.
359
00:19:20,369 --> 00:19:23,209
The foundation is controlled
by its three trustees
360
00:19:23,250 --> 00:19:28,049
Bill and Melinda and American
investor Warren Buffett,
361
00:19:28,089 --> 00:19:31,490
one of the most successful
investors in the world today.
362
00:19:35,970 --> 00:19:38,089
I think our view of
the foundation really
363
00:19:38,130 --> 00:19:41,530
is we got started in 1993 when
we started to see the need,
364
00:19:41,569 --> 00:19:43,129
the need was so great.
365
00:19:43,170 --> 00:19:45,529
And it starts, the foundation
starts with the premise
366
00:19:45,569 --> 00:19:48,329
that no life on this
planet is more important
367
00:19:48,369 --> 00:19:49,569
in one place than on the other.
368
00:19:49,609 --> 00:19:51,329
And so when you take
that basic premise
369
00:19:51,369 --> 00:19:52,929
and you say there's
so much going on,
370
00:19:52,970 --> 00:19:56,009
so much need in health
today, we had to start now.
371
00:19:56,049 --> 00:19:57,730
Would've been convenient
to wait till we were 60
372
00:19:57,769 --> 00:19:59,329
to start to
redistribute the wealth,
373
00:19:59,369 --> 00:20:00,529
but disease doesn't wait.
374
00:20:00,569 --> 00:20:02,250
And so we decided
that now really
375
00:20:02,289 --> 00:20:03,690
is the time for us to start.
376
00:20:05,170 --> 00:20:06,529
And I think you could also say
377
00:20:06,569 --> 00:20:08,049
that it has a lot of
dreams for the foundation.
378
00:20:08,089 --> 00:20:10,649
When we look at health,
a dream of an HIV vaccine
379
00:20:10,690 --> 00:20:12,490
is a huge dream
for us as a couple,
380
00:20:12,529 --> 00:20:13,809
something we'd like to see,
381
00:20:13,849 --> 00:20:15,569
or microbicide, which is a gel
382
00:20:15,609 --> 00:20:17,369
that a woman might be
able to use someday
383
00:20:17,410 --> 00:20:20,370
to prevent HIV/AIDS. I think
we have a lot of dreams
384
00:20:20,410 --> 00:20:23,090
in terms of what scientific
tools can do for people
385
00:20:23,130 --> 00:20:25,130
in the developing world.
386
00:20:36,450 --> 00:20:40,490
In 2000 Gates
stepped down from Microsoft CEO,
387
00:20:40,529 --> 00:20:44,569
turning over the job to his
childhood friend, Steve Ballmer.
388
00:20:44,609 --> 00:20:46,809
Though he remained
chairman of the board,
389
00:20:46,849 --> 00:20:49,609
he preferred to concentrate
on what was for him
390
00:20:49,650 --> 00:20:51,970
the more passionate
side of the business.
391
00:20:52,970 --> 00:20:55,690
In 2006 Gates further announced
392
00:20:55,730 --> 00:20:57,370
he was transitioning himself
393
00:20:57,410 --> 00:20:59,730
from full-time work at Microsoft
394
00:20:59,769 --> 00:21:03,210
to devote more quality time
and energy to the foundation.
395
00:21:04,410 --> 00:21:07,050
In the meantime, he
reached milestones
396
00:21:07,089 --> 00:21:11,809
with the launch of Microsoft
Windows Vista in 2007,
397
00:21:11,849 --> 00:21:15,769
whose new software allowed
people to interact in new ways.
398
00:21:16,650 --> 00:21:18,850
This is a special occasion.
399
00:21:20,289 --> 00:21:23,329
We've worked hard to build
a new software platform,
400
00:21:23,369 --> 00:21:24,609
and we're so excited to see
401
00:21:24,650 --> 00:21:26,450
what people are
going to do with it.
402
00:21:27,970 --> 00:21:31,289
In 1983, Microsoft introduced
403
00:21:31,329 --> 00:21:35,609
the very first version of
Windows, that was 24 years ago.
404
00:21:35,650 --> 00:21:38,450
And at the time PCs
were not very powerful.
405
00:21:38,490 --> 00:21:41,690
There was a lot of question
of whether graphics interface
406
00:21:41,730 --> 00:21:44,089
was something that
made sense at all.
407
00:21:44,130 --> 00:21:47,530
People were skeptical about
whether parameters would learn
408
00:21:47,569 --> 00:21:50,289
to be able to build applications
that were very different,
409
00:21:50,329 --> 00:21:54,250
since the user could interact
in a variety of new ways.
410
00:21:54,289 --> 00:21:57,450
And it took a long time for
that to be well accepted.
411
00:22:00,250 --> 00:22:02,329
That same year
Bill and Melinda were ranked
412
00:22:02,369 --> 00:22:05,449
the second most generous
philanthropists in America
413
00:22:05,490 --> 00:22:07,809
after Warren Buffett.
414
00:22:07,849 --> 00:22:09,449
They're working hard together
415
00:22:09,490 --> 00:22:12,329
to give their wealth
back to society,
416
00:22:12,369 --> 00:22:16,009
planning to eventually
donate 95% to charity.
417
00:22:17,849 --> 00:22:20,129
It's my responsibility I feel
418
00:22:20,170 --> 00:22:22,170
to take these
resources of society
419
00:22:22,210 --> 00:22:24,730
that I've gotten
and give them back
420
00:22:24,769 --> 00:22:26,650
in the most impactful way.
421
00:22:26,690 --> 00:22:29,490
And that's what's led to the
creation of the foundation
422
00:22:29,529 --> 00:22:31,690
that my wife and I run.
423
00:22:31,730 --> 00:22:34,450
Kind of amazingly, my
friend Warren Buffett
424
00:22:34,490 --> 00:22:38,250
added a substantial part of
his resources to that as well.
425
00:22:38,289 --> 00:22:40,289
And so just like at Microsoft,
426
00:22:40,329 --> 00:22:43,329
the foundation has taken
on very ambitious goals.
427
00:22:43,369 --> 00:22:45,969
We want a vaccine for
tuberculosis and malaria.
428
00:22:46,009 --> 00:22:49,049
We wanna reduce all
the childhood deaths
429
00:22:49,089 --> 00:22:51,329
that happen in
these poor countries
430
00:22:51,369 --> 00:22:53,449
that really isn't visible
to the rich world,
431
00:22:53,490 --> 00:22:57,690
and the rich world hasn't
put enough energy into that.
432
00:22:57,730 --> 00:23:01,610
And so it'll take
decades to do that.
433
00:23:01,650 --> 00:23:03,330
Very similar to my
work with Microsoft,
434
00:23:03,369 --> 00:23:05,529
working with smart
people, being optimistic,
435
00:23:05,569 --> 00:23:07,450
giving them lots of resources.
436
00:23:07,490 --> 00:23:09,890
And so I'm thrilled
I get that chance.
437
00:23:09,930 --> 00:23:12,049
And that's the
responsibility I have
438
00:23:12,089 --> 00:23:15,049
as somebody who's
gotten the wealth
439
00:23:15,089 --> 00:23:16,289
that Microsoft generated.
440
00:23:17,809 --> 00:23:20,049
But
Gates makes it clear.
441
00:23:20,089 --> 00:23:21,970
Fame is not his goal.
442
00:23:23,170 --> 00:23:26,730
Well, I don't need to
be remembered at all.
443
00:23:26,769 --> 00:23:27,930
My wife and I have decided
444
00:23:27,970 --> 00:23:31,329
that our foundation
will spend all its money
445
00:23:31,369 --> 00:23:36,369
within 20 years, when
neither of us are around.
446
00:23:37,769 --> 00:23:39,569
So we're not trying to
create some perpetual thing.
447
00:23:39,609 --> 00:23:42,889
Well, none of the people
who are at risk of polio
448
00:23:44,569 --> 00:23:48,849
know anything about
me, nor should they.
449
00:23:48,890 --> 00:23:52,090
They are dealing
with day-to-day life
450
00:23:52,130 --> 00:23:55,330
and the fact that their
child might get crippled.
451
00:23:55,369 --> 00:23:57,089
We just need to get rid of that,
452
00:23:57,130 --> 00:23:59,210
and then we won't
have to talk about it.
453
00:24:00,809 --> 00:24:03,490
On June 27th, 2008,
454
00:24:03,529 --> 00:24:05,970
he gave a teary
farewell to Microsoft
455
00:24:06,009 --> 00:24:07,970
on his last full
day at the company.
456
00:24:09,410 --> 00:24:11,330
"There won't be a day in my
life that I'm not thinking
457
00:24:11,369 --> 00:24:14,569
"about Microsoft and the
great things that it's doing
458
00:24:14,609 --> 00:24:17,409
"and wanting to
help", said Gates.
459
00:24:17,450 --> 00:24:19,730
Wiping away tears,
as the employees rose
460
00:24:19,769 --> 00:24:22,009
to give him a standing ovation.
461
00:24:23,329 --> 00:24:26,409
Leaving behind a life's
work developing software
462
00:24:26,450 --> 00:24:30,210
to devote his energy to
fight poverty in the world,
463
00:24:30,250 --> 00:24:33,849
Gates went on to
create greater things.
464
00:24:33,890 --> 00:24:37,690
He still works on special
technology projects at Microsoft.
465
00:24:39,210 --> 00:24:42,490
In February 2014,
Gates stepped down
466
00:24:42,529 --> 00:24:44,369
as chairman of Microsoft
467
00:24:44,410 --> 00:24:48,650
in order to move into a new
position as technology advisor.
468
00:24:49,450 --> 00:24:52,009
Longtime CEO Steve Ballmer
469
00:24:52,049 --> 00:24:54,049
was replaced by Satya Nadella.
470
00:24:55,210 --> 00:24:56,410
Over the next few years,
471
00:24:56,450 --> 00:24:58,490
Gates' involvement
with the foundation
472
00:24:58,529 --> 00:25:01,049
occupied much more
of his time interest.
473
00:25:02,490 --> 00:25:05,490
When we were engaged, Bill
and I talked about the fact
474
00:25:05,529 --> 00:25:07,450
that this wealth would
go back to society.
475
00:25:07,490 --> 00:25:09,769
And again, because we
both came from families
476
00:25:09,809 --> 00:25:12,569
who were deeply involved in
volunteerism and giving back,
477
00:25:12,609 --> 00:25:14,009
it was just a natural.
478
00:25:14,049 --> 00:25:15,930
So I would say the converse
has been true for us.
479
00:25:15,970 --> 00:25:17,450
One of the most
fun things has been
480
00:25:17,490 --> 00:25:20,450
Bill now getting to spend
full time on the foundation.
481
00:25:20,490 --> 00:25:22,529
We were already, obviously
the last 10 years,
482
00:25:22,569 --> 00:25:24,289
working collaboratively
on the foundation,
483
00:25:24,329 --> 00:25:26,649
but now that we can
do it full time,
484
00:25:26,690 --> 00:25:28,410
we're all the more
excited and passionate
485
00:25:28,450 --> 00:25:29,610
about working together.
486
00:25:36,450 --> 00:25:37,690
With
his foundation,
487
00:25:37,730 --> 00:25:40,410
Gates is committed
to saving lives,
488
00:25:40,450 --> 00:25:44,130
reducing sickness,
to lifting society up
489
00:25:44,170 --> 00:25:46,769
and making it
self-sufficient and stable.
490
00:25:47,970 --> 00:25:50,970
In low-income countries
like Sub-Saharan Africa
491
00:25:51,009 --> 00:25:53,650
and Southeast Asian countries,
492
00:25:53,690 --> 00:25:57,450
Gates knew that people were
still dying at an alarming rate,
493
00:25:57,490 --> 00:26:00,089
mostly from illnesses that
could easily be treated
494
00:26:00,130 --> 00:26:01,610
with basic medicine.
495
00:26:02,769 --> 00:26:04,930
It was common sense for
him that basic needs
496
00:26:04,970 --> 00:26:07,850
in poorest nations like
Ethiopia and Rwanda
497
00:26:07,890 --> 00:26:09,770
have to be taken care of first
498
00:26:09,809 --> 00:26:11,970
for them to reach
a stable state.
499
00:26:13,089 --> 00:26:16,129
It all started in 2000,
when among others,
500
00:26:16,170 --> 00:26:18,730
the foundation decided
to build institutions
501
00:26:18,769 --> 00:26:22,289
that would support a wide
range of public health projects
502
00:26:22,329 --> 00:26:24,609
by leading campaigns
and granting aid
503
00:26:24,650 --> 00:26:27,090
to fight transmittable
and deadly diseases
504
00:26:27,130 --> 00:26:31,090
such as AIDS,
tuberculosis and malaria
505
00:26:31,130 --> 00:26:34,210
known as the three biggest
killers in poor countries.
506
00:26:35,529 --> 00:26:39,210
Vaccines, the
miracle technology.
507
00:26:40,569 --> 00:26:42,649
The one project that
makes them the most proud
508
00:26:42,690 --> 00:26:46,490
has been creating widespread
immunization programs.
509
00:26:46,529 --> 00:26:48,049
In his fight against disease,
510
00:26:48,089 --> 00:26:50,809
he states that big
breakthroughs have been made,
511
00:26:50,849 --> 00:26:52,929
and they've shown that
hundreds of millions
512
00:26:52,970 --> 00:26:55,329
of children's lives can be saved
513
00:26:55,369 --> 00:26:58,129
by innovations
like new vaccines.
514
00:26:59,369 --> 00:27:01,009
It saves children's lives.
515
00:27:01,049 --> 00:27:03,210
When you say there are
eight million children
516
00:27:03,250 --> 00:27:05,049
who die every single year,
517
00:27:05,089 --> 00:27:07,809
many from vaccine
preventable diseases,
518
00:27:07,849 --> 00:27:10,049
and we know we can
tackle those diseases,
519
00:27:10,089 --> 00:27:13,569
it makes me excited about getting
those tools out to mothers
520
00:27:13,609 --> 00:27:16,089
so that they know they can
raise healthy children.
521
00:27:17,210 --> 00:27:18,650
The
need to get them out
522
00:27:18,690 --> 00:27:23,250
into the developing world is
greater, more than ever before,
523
00:27:23,289 --> 00:27:25,409
but it is not an easy journey,
524
00:27:25,450 --> 00:27:28,410
and the results don't
come automatically.
525
00:27:28,450 --> 00:27:30,009
It seems that it isn't enough
526
00:27:30,049 --> 00:27:33,009
just to develop
powerful medicines.
527
00:27:33,049 --> 00:27:35,409
They have to reach the
people who need them.
528
00:27:35,450 --> 00:27:37,009
And it often means
getting medicine
529
00:27:37,049 --> 00:27:39,450
to remote villages in war zones.
530
00:27:40,849 --> 00:27:43,609
Over the past decades,
Gates and his wife Melinda
531
00:27:43,650 --> 00:27:46,730
have invested $10 billion
into organizations
532
00:27:46,769 --> 00:27:49,210
that do this challenging work,
533
00:27:49,250 --> 00:27:54,250
including three big ones,
Gavi, The Vaccine Alliance,
534
00:27:55,730 --> 00:27:59,370
The Global Fund and the Global
Polio Eradication Initiative.
535
00:28:00,569 --> 00:28:02,129
He claimed that it was
the best investments
536
00:28:02,170 --> 00:28:03,610
they had ever made.
537
00:28:05,089 --> 00:28:09,849
In 2016 Gates and former UK
Chancellor George Osborne
538
00:28:09,890 --> 00:28:13,490
pledged three billion pounds
to help fight against malaria.
539
00:28:14,650 --> 00:28:17,090
The cost of a path
to a polio free world
540
00:28:17,130 --> 00:28:18,970
has exceeded $10 billion.
541
00:28:20,970 --> 00:28:22,529
But since Gavi was founded,
542
00:28:22,569 --> 00:28:25,049
the number of children
under the age of five dying
543
00:28:25,089 --> 00:28:29,289
in low and middle-income countries
has dropped by about 40%,
544
00:28:29,329 --> 00:28:33,609
and they immunized 100
million children in 2018.
545
00:28:35,450 --> 00:28:36,330
Well, I'm very lucky.
546
00:28:36,369 --> 00:28:38,289
I get to go out and see that now
547
00:28:38,329 --> 00:28:41,809
the all the world's children
are getting these vaccines,
548
00:28:41,849 --> 00:28:44,289
that that's making
such a difference.
549
00:28:44,329 --> 00:28:48,250
Before the UK and our
foundation founded Gavi,
550
00:28:48,289 --> 00:28:52,889
kids didn't get these vaccines
for diarrhea and pneumonia
551
00:28:52,930 --> 00:28:55,130
and the deaths
were twice as high.
552
00:28:55,170 --> 00:28:58,009
And so I wish all
the British taxpayers
553
00:28:58,049 --> 00:29:01,690
could go out into these
countries and see what's gone on
554
00:29:01,730 --> 00:29:04,289
with the different diseases
and see that impact,
555
00:29:04,329 --> 00:29:08,289
see that polio's literally
on the verge of eradication,
556
00:29:08,329 --> 00:29:12,529
so that instead of 400,000
children a year being paralyzed,
557
00:29:13,690 --> 00:29:16,090
now we'll get that
number down to zero,
558
00:29:16,130 --> 00:29:19,290
and we'll save all that
preventative treatment.
559
00:29:19,329 --> 00:29:22,129
That's really quite phenomenal.
560
00:29:22,170 --> 00:29:23,730
And I don't think
people understand
561
00:29:23,769 --> 00:29:26,289
it's their aid generosity
562
00:29:26,329 --> 00:29:29,529
combined with good
delivery systems
563
00:29:29,569 --> 00:29:32,049
that has led to this
phenomenal resource.
564
00:29:33,529 --> 00:29:36,529
Meanwhile, polio
cases have almost disappeared.
565
00:29:37,690 --> 00:29:41,289
More recently, in April
2018, Gates announced
566
00:29:41,329 --> 00:29:44,929
that he was teaming with
Google co-founder Larry Page
567
00:29:44,970 --> 00:29:47,250
to provide $12
million in funding
568
00:29:47,289 --> 00:29:49,329
for a universal flu vaccine.
569
00:29:50,450 --> 00:29:52,769
Although some questioned
whether $12 million
570
00:29:52,809 --> 00:29:56,049
would be enough to spark any
real medical breakthroughs,
571
00:29:56,089 --> 00:29:59,609
others praise the intentions
behind the investment,
572
00:29:59,650 --> 00:30:02,769
while Gates indicated that
there could be more to come.
573
00:30:04,369 --> 00:30:06,729
Gates also supported the
development of drugs and vaccines
574
00:30:06,769 --> 00:30:08,769
for livestock diseases,
575
00:30:08,809 --> 00:30:12,169
so that the growing population
can be fed properly.
576
00:30:12,210 --> 00:30:13,569
And the benefit of that
577
00:30:13,609 --> 00:30:16,089
is that these societies
become stable.
578
00:30:16,130 --> 00:30:17,450
They can take care
of themselves.
579
00:30:17,490 --> 00:30:18,809
So it's an investment
in the future,
580
00:30:18,849 --> 00:30:21,569
whether you care about
terrorism or epidemics
581
00:30:21,609 --> 00:30:24,969
or perhaps most importantly,
the humanitarian benefit.
582
00:30:25,009 --> 00:30:27,849
A lot of countries are
continuing to increase the rate.
583
00:30:28,890 --> 00:30:30,730
And that's a fantastic thing.
584
00:30:30,769 --> 00:30:34,569
There's a few like Italy
that need to be called out,
585
00:30:34,609 --> 00:30:36,209
because they're
cutting the rate,
586
00:30:36,250 --> 00:30:39,250
and that hurts the poorest,
587
00:30:39,289 --> 00:30:42,809
because these dollars
are very, very impactful.
588
00:30:42,849 --> 00:30:44,969
We've gotta have the
health systems everywhere
589
00:30:45,009 --> 00:30:48,369
so that we can see pandemic
diseases getting started
590
00:30:48,410 --> 00:30:50,210
and stop them early.
591
00:30:50,250 --> 00:30:52,450
With Ebola we were lucky.
592
00:30:52,490 --> 00:30:55,009
It didn't spread
as fast as diseases
593
00:30:55,049 --> 00:30:56,769
that we'll face in the future.
594
00:30:56,809 --> 00:30:59,169
And so having those
health systems there
595
00:30:59,210 --> 00:31:03,490
is protecting health of
even the rich countries.
596
00:31:03,529 --> 00:31:05,170
The kind of stability
that we need,
597
00:31:05,210 --> 00:31:06,890
so we don't have civil war,
598
00:31:06,930 --> 00:31:10,410
and we feel like we have
huge migration crises.
599
00:31:10,450 --> 00:31:12,370
We have to send the army in.
600
00:31:12,410 --> 00:31:16,330
If you can do that by improving
cultural productivity,
601
00:31:16,369 --> 00:31:18,409
that's a fantastic thing.
602
00:31:18,450 --> 00:31:21,009
Even though there's a big
drought in Ethiopia right now,
603
00:31:21,049 --> 00:31:23,930
because of the increased
agricultural productivity,
604
00:31:23,970 --> 00:31:28,009
it's largely been able to
feed its own population,
605
00:31:28,049 --> 00:31:30,329
because the
productivity in the West
606
00:31:30,369 --> 00:31:33,089
is now helping out
there in the East.
607
00:31:33,130 --> 00:31:35,250
And so this constant improvement
608
00:31:35,289 --> 00:31:39,210
in food production,
education, health,
609
00:31:39,250 --> 00:31:41,890
that means that
the risks coming in
610
00:31:41,930 --> 00:31:45,450
from all these other places
will be greatly reduced.
611
00:31:47,250 --> 00:31:50,650
He committed
$40 million to GALVmed
612
00:31:50,690 --> 00:31:53,930
to continue its work on
preventing livestock diseases
613
00:31:53,970 --> 00:31:56,450
and improving quality
of food and nutrition.
614
00:31:58,089 --> 00:32:00,849
Gates believes that health
systems need to be everywhere
615
00:32:00,890 --> 00:32:04,850
to prevent diseases
and reduce risk.
616
00:32:04,890 --> 00:32:08,890
Helping poorest countries
benefits the rich countries too.
617
00:32:08,930 --> 00:32:12,289
For him, philanthropists
have a duty to tackle hunger
618
00:32:12,329 --> 00:32:14,809
and better healthcare
in these countries,
619
00:32:14,849 --> 00:32:16,169
as they're totally dependent
620
00:32:16,210 --> 00:32:18,490
on such donations
and generosity.
621
00:32:19,809 --> 00:32:21,849
He raises awareness
about the importance
622
00:32:21,890 --> 00:32:25,090
of raising money
to fix such issues.
623
00:32:25,130 --> 00:32:26,290
Well, I think over time,
624
00:32:26,329 --> 00:32:27,449
we're gonna see
more of those people
625
00:32:27,490 --> 00:32:28,370
giving their money away.
626
00:32:28,410 --> 00:32:29,810
In fact, we've been talking
627
00:32:29,849 --> 00:32:31,409
to a whole host of people
in the United States
628
00:32:31,450 --> 00:32:34,090
just about how much
we've enjoyed the giving,
629
00:32:34,130 --> 00:32:36,690
how much we're seeing
progress around the world,
630
00:32:36,730 --> 00:32:38,890
how much it's been a
journey for us as a couple.
631
00:32:38,930 --> 00:32:40,490
And so I think you're seeing
632
00:32:40,529 --> 00:32:41,930
more and more
people come forward.
633
00:32:41,970 --> 00:32:44,730
We have 40 other couples
signed up in the United States
634
00:32:44,769 --> 00:32:47,849
who have pledged to give away
over 50% of their wealth.
635
00:32:47,890 --> 00:32:49,090
That's huge.
636
00:32:49,130 --> 00:32:51,370
We're talking to couples
in India and in China.
637
00:32:51,410 --> 00:32:53,970
I think that will
come along over time.
638
00:32:54,009 --> 00:32:56,210
But you have to
have show progress.
639
00:32:56,250 --> 00:32:57,769
And I think that's one
of the incredible things.
640
00:32:57,809 --> 00:32:59,809
It's not just
private philanthropy,
641
00:32:59,849 --> 00:33:02,490
it's the pounds that come
from the British government
642
00:33:02,529 --> 00:33:04,769
for us to be able to say,
"Look, these childhood deaths
643
00:33:04,809 --> 00:33:07,889
"are dropping because of
these amazing investments
644
00:33:07,930 --> 00:33:09,130
"that have been made."
645
00:33:09,170 --> 00:33:10,529
And when people see
that progress, they say,
646
00:33:10,569 --> 00:33:12,289
"Oh, I could actually
do something,
647
00:33:12,329 --> 00:33:13,769
"I wanna be a part of that."
648
00:33:13,809 --> 00:33:15,089
Melinda and I are very lucky.
649
00:33:15,130 --> 00:33:16,930
We were born in a
wealthy country.
650
00:33:16,970 --> 00:33:18,490
We got great education.
651
00:33:18,529 --> 00:33:20,849
We got great health things.
652
00:33:20,890 --> 00:33:24,090
And billions of people
do not have that.
653
00:33:24,130 --> 00:33:25,730
And there's no particular reason
654
00:33:25,769 --> 00:33:27,769
why we should and
others shouldn't,
655
00:33:27,809 --> 00:33:31,730
but poverty and the fact
that you're trapped,
656
00:33:31,769 --> 00:33:33,170
when your health is so bad,
657
00:33:33,210 --> 00:33:37,370
and it ironically means your
population growth is very high.
658
00:33:37,410 --> 00:33:39,170
That is unfair.
659
00:33:39,210 --> 00:33:43,130
And so we didn't wanna
burden our children with it.
660
00:33:43,170 --> 00:33:45,930
They'll maybe ask us
several times why,
661
00:33:45,970 --> 00:33:48,930
but we want them to
make their own way.
662
00:33:48,970 --> 00:33:50,610
And so we've picked the things,
663
00:33:50,650 --> 00:33:52,450
and we think it's incredible.
664
00:33:52,490 --> 00:33:55,769
We found things where
the impact per dollar
665
00:33:55,809 --> 00:33:58,169
is way beyond what we expected.
666
00:33:58,210 --> 00:34:00,170
When you're out in a
village and you meet a mother,
667
00:34:00,210 --> 00:34:03,370
and she says, "My gosh,
because of something
668
00:34:03,410 --> 00:34:07,170
"that you all have invested
in, my child is alive.
669
00:34:07,210 --> 00:34:10,050
"My child is alive, and
I can plan on this child
670
00:34:10,090 --> 00:34:11,570
"living till their
fifth birthday.
671
00:34:11,610 --> 00:34:15,370
"And I can now work on my farm
and put my child in school."
672
00:34:15,409 --> 00:34:17,690
That's an incredibly
amazing feeling,
673
00:34:17,730 --> 00:34:19,570
when you're out in the world.
674
00:34:21,690 --> 00:34:23,210
However,
while calling
675
00:34:23,250 --> 00:34:26,530
for continued improvement in
international aid development,
676
00:34:26,570 --> 00:34:28,570
he states that we
need to acknowledge
677
00:34:28,610 --> 00:34:30,450
the progress made so far.
678
00:34:31,889 --> 00:34:35,210
It's good news that you can
actually get rid of a disease,
679
00:34:35,250 --> 00:34:37,050
that you can cut
childhood death in half,
680
00:34:37,090 --> 00:34:41,370
that we can take that malnutrition,
which holds Africa back
681
00:34:41,409 --> 00:34:43,929
and solve it by helping
them grow more food.
682
00:34:43,969 --> 00:34:47,250
Produce aid is achieving
incredible results.
683
00:34:47,289 --> 00:34:49,090
Everyone in the field,
working together,
684
00:34:49,130 --> 00:34:52,690
and we learn, we see
the biggest successes,
685
00:34:52,730 --> 00:34:54,809
we follow on from that.
686
00:34:54,849 --> 00:34:57,329
So it's a very dynamic business,
687
00:34:57,369 --> 00:35:01,009
but when we say how many
children are surviving,
688
00:35:01,050 --> 00:35:04,730
what we've done with
malaria, neglected disease,
689
00:35:04,769 --> 00:35:06,409
the progress has
been phenomenal.
690
00:35:06,449 --> 00:35:09,809
Childhood death has
been cut in half.
691
00:35:09,849 --> 00:35:12,009
Now we wanna cut
it in half again,
692
00:35:12,050 --> 00:35:13,650
but that's quite an achievement.
693
00:35:15,010 --> 00:35:16,810
The progress
on HIV is perhaps,
694
00:35:16,849 --> 00:35:19,369
according to him,
the most astonishing.
695
00:35:20,530 --> 00:35:22,650
Since The Global
Fund was created,
696
00:35:22,690 --> 00:35:25,329
deaths have fallen
by more than a half.
697
00:35:26,289 --> 00:35:27,769
It was when I started coming
698
00:35:27,809 --> 00:35:30,449
to Africa regularly
for the foundation,
699
00:35:30,489 --> 00:35:33,169
that I got to know Nelson
Mandela personally.
700
00:35:34,530 --> 00:35:38,090
AIDS was one of the first
issues our foundation worked on,
701
00:35:38,130 --> 00:35:42,250
and Nelson Mandela was both
an advisor and an inspiration,
702
00:35:43,610 --> 00:35:48,210
but Nelson Mandela was
concerned about the future.
703
00:35:48,250 --> 00:35:51,010
He believed people
could make the future
704
00:35:51,050 --> 00:35:52,850
better than the past.
705
00:35:52,889 --> 00:35:55,250
And so that's what
I wanna focus on
706
00:35:55,289 --> 00:35:56,809
for the remainder of my talk,
707
00:35:57,730 --> 00:36:00,050
what can South Africa become?
708
00:36:00,090 --> 00:36:01,410
What can Africa become?
709
00:36:01,449 --> 00:36:04,089
What can the world become,
710
00:36:04,130 --> 00:36:07,010
and what must we do
to make it that way?
711
00:36:08,409 --> 00:36:10,170
Gates saw that
there was a possibility
712
00:36:10,210 --> 00:36:12,369
for improvement in innovation.
713
00:36:12,409 --> 00:36:15,129
And he believes in the
economic potential of countries
714
00:36:15,170 --> 00:36:17,130
with high levels of malnutrition
715
00:36:17,170 --> 00:36:19,450
to do more to
tackle the problem.
716
00:36:21,010 --> 00:36:24,930
By pulling the funding from
donors like the US and the UK,
717
00:36:24,969 --> 00:36:26,329
he's working hard to make sure
718
00:36:26,369 --> 00:36:29,929
that medical aid has a
great continuous impact.
719
00:36:29,969 --> 00:36:32,369
And he keeps making sure
the resources are there
720
00:36:32,409 --> 00:36:34,409
to produce pioneering work.
721
00:36:35,489 --> 00:36:38,489
In 2017, the foundation
launched the first
722
00:36:38,530 --> 00:36:41,050
of its annual
Goalkeepers Report,
723
00:36:41,090 --> 00:36:42,930
which examines the progress made
724
00:36:42,969 --> 00:36:45,409
in important public health areas
725
00:36:45,449 --> 00:36:50,009
including child mortality,
malnutrition, and HIV.
726
00:36:51,369 --> 00:36:53,730
For Gates, it is
important that money goes
727
00:36:53,769 --> 00:36:55,730
where the great scientists are.
728
00:37:01,369 --> 00:37:05,329
The UK is a fantastic
place to back science.
729
00:37:05,369 --> 00:37:07,529
He claimed the US and the UK
730
00:37:07,570 --> 00:37:10,370
are where the best science
can be found today,
731
00:37:10,409 --> 00:37:13,809
which is why he has invested
more than a billion dollars
732
00:37:13,849 --> 00:37:16,250
in their research
and institutions.
733
00:37:17,449 --> 00:37:20,210
He praises the UK
for its commitment,
734
00:37:20,250 --> 00:37:22,650
saying it sends a great message.
735
00:37:22,690 --> 00:37:24,289
And he gives a
sense of engagement
736
00:37:24,329 --> 00:37:27,250
with the world of
optimism and a belief
737
00:37:27,289 --> 00:37:30,690
that their approach can
make a huge difference.
738
00:37:30,730 --> 00:37:33,369
Since I've been involved
in health and development,
739
00:37:33,409 --> 00:37:35,690
the UK has maintained
its commitment
740
00:37:35,730 --> 00:37:39,010
to helping people in
low-income countries.
741
00:37:39,050 --> 00:37:41,690
Not only that, but you
have set the standard
742
00:37:41,730 --> 00:37:44,650
for being strategic
about how you help.
743
00:37:44,690 --> 00:37:46,289
You're innovative and rigorous
744
00:37:46,329 --> 00:37:48,650
about getting the
highest possible return
745
00:37:48,690 --> 00:37:50,090
on your aid investment.
746
00:37:51,289 --> 00:37:53,809
So if you put these
two trends together,
747
00:37:53,849 --> 00:37:55,769
innovation and generosity,
748
00:37:55,809 --> 00:37:59,929
you get world-class Scottish
agricultural science,
749
00:37:59,969 --> 00:38:01,730
helping hundreds of millions
750
00:38:01,769 --> 00:38:05,329
of the poorest people in the
world transform their lives.
751
00:38:06,730 --> 00:38:09,610
In the United States, I
take every opportunity I can
752
00:38:09,650 --> 00:38:11,849
to make the case
that foreign aid
753
00:38:11,889 --> 00:38:14,969
is both the right and
smart thing to do.
754
00:38:15,010 --> 00:38:17,490
I follow the UK
Aid debate closely
755
00:38:17,530 --> 00:38:21,130
and I'm convinced that the
same arguments apply here.
756
00:38:21,170 --> 00:38:24,849
UK Aid is good for Britain
and good for the world.
757
00:38:24,889 --> 00:38:27,809
I wish more people in
your country and mine
758
00:38:27,849 --> 00:38:29,769
could see the results.
759
00:38:31,329 --> 00:38:33,929
There are so many
incredible institutions here
760
00:38:33,969 --> 00:38:38,009
that are both inventing
these drugs and vaccines
761
00:38:38,050 --> 00:38:40,890
and are really gaining
the experience.
762
00:38:40,929 --> 00:38:45,129
You know, this country is
making a huge difference.
763
00:38:47,690 --> 00:38:50,650
His attentions
come from a greater vision
764
00:38:50,690 --> 00:38:53,849
and hope for a better
present and future.
765
00:39:00,610 --> 00:39:03,130
He once declared, "We
have to find a way
766
00:39:03,170 --> 00:39:05,010
"to make the aspects
of capitalism
767
00:39:05,050 --> 00:39:09,850
"that serve wealthier people
serve poor people as well."
768
00:39:12,769 --> 00:39:14,969
British government is
very generous in this.
769
00:39:15,010 --> 00:39:18,210
And I think when taxpayers see
that it's money well-spent,
770
00:39:18,250 --> 00:39:20,730
that it can achieve
a goal like this,
771
00:39:20,769 --> 00:39:25,130
that they are willing to have
a few percent of their taxes
772
00:39:25,170 --> 00:39:26,530
go to these causes.
773
00:39:26,570 --> 00:39:29,410
And Britain is a
great partner in this.
774
00:39:29,449 --> 00:39:31,849
And the UK government
is to be thanked
775
00:39:31,889 --> 00:39:34,250
that as they made trade-offs,
776
00:39:34,289 --> 00:39:37,610
helping the poorest in
the most effective way
777
00:39:37,650 --> 00:39:40,650
was something that they
were able to preserve.
778
00:39:40,690 --> 00:39:44,050
And that set an example
for other governments
779
00:39:44,090 --> 00:39:46,010
on aid generosity.
780
00:39:46,050 --> 00:39:49,890
Certainly the US is gonna be
big on this polio campaign.
781
00:39:49,929 --> 00:39:53,289
It takes actually billions
of dollars to get this done.
782
00:39:53,329 --> 00:39:56,489
My foundation will be
a big giver to this,
783
00:39:56,530 --> 00:39:59,410
but we'll have, I think,
16 different countries
784
00:39:59,449 --> 00:40:00,730
that are backing it.
785
00:40:00,769 --> 00:40:02,650
And the British
voters should be proud
786
00:40:02,690 --> 00:40:06,050
of their participation in
something important like this.
787
00:40:08,050 --> 00:40:11,289
Gates is contributing
to society in a major way
788
00:40:12,530 --> 00:40:14,010
and it doesn't stop here.
789
00:40:15,730 --> 00:40:19,769
He also invested
$50 million in 2017
790
00:40:19,809 --> 00:40:22,250
in Alzheimer's research.
791
00:40:24,369 --> 00:40:27,250
And the foundation also
tackles domestic issues
792
00:40:27,289 --> 00:40:29,489
such as helping students
in the United States
793
00:40:29,530 --> 00:40:32,170
become college-ready
by granting funds
794
00:40:32,210 --> 00:40:34,690
to learning institutions
and libraries
795
00:40:34,730 --> 00:40:37,409
and supporting scholarships
at universities.
796
00:40:38,769 --> 00:40:42,289
He also has plans of building
a smart city in Arizona
797
00:40:42,329 --> 00:40:46,409
with futuristic infrastructures
and cutting edge technology
798
00:40:46,449 --> 00:40:49,569
in which he invested
$80 million.
799
00:40:54,889 --> 00:40:57,250
Gates is also fighting
climate change.
800
00:40:59,289 --> 00:41:01,369
He has urged governments
and the private sector
801
00:41:01,409 --> 00:41:03,569
to invest in research
and development
802
00:41:03,610 --> 00:41:07,050
to make clean, reliable
energy cheaper.
803
00:41:07,090 --> 00:41:09,769
He's invested $2
billion of his own money
804
00:41:09,809 --> 00:41:12,049
in clean energy innovation.
805
00:41:19,849 --> 00:41:23,569
In 2018, Gates was
heartbroken by the passing
806
00:41:23,610 --> 00:41:26,250
of one of his oldest and
dearest childhood friend
807
00:41:26,289 --> 00:41:29,489
and Microsoft
co-founder Paul Allen.
808
00:41:30,849 --> 00:41:32,769
The brilliant technologist
and philanthropist
809
00:41:32,809 --> 00:41:35,650
had left Microsoft in 1983
810
00:41:35,690 --> 00:41:39,369
after a falling out with
Gates and Steve Ballmer.
811
00:41:39,409 --> 00:41:42,089
He died of cancer at age 65.
812
00:41:43,010 --> 00:41:44,690
Without him, Gates believes
813
00:41:44,730 --> 00:41:46,650
the largest software
company in the world
814
00:41:46,690 --> 00:41:48,409
would never have existed.
815
00:41:49,769 --> 00:41:53,130
Even though Gates led Microsoft
to where it stands today,
816
00:41:53,170 --> 00:41:56,530
Allen played a crucial role
in creating the company.
817
00:41:56,570 --> 00:42:00,570
Their relationship throughout
the years was tumultuous.
818
00:42:00,610 --> 00:42:02,809
Allen recalled one
day overhearing Gates
819
00:42:02,849 --> 00:42:05,889
trying to reduce his
stake in Microsoft,
820
00:42:05,929 --> 00:42:08,609
but the plan failed
as he hanged on to it.
821
00:42:09,730 --> 00:42:11,849
However, their
relationship mended.
822
00:42:11,889 --> 00:42:15,289
Gates stood beside him
during his cancer treatment.
823
00:42:15,329 --> 00:42:18,049
"He was everything you'd
want from a friend",
824
00:42:18,090 --> 00:42:19,809
Allen wrote in his memoir.
825
00:42:20,929 --> 00:42:22,690
Surround yourself
with the right people,
826
00:42:22,730 --> 00:42:24,889
and you can accomplish
great things
827
00:42:24,929 --> 00:42:27,849
is the lesson Gates has
learned from their friendship.
828
00:42:57,329 --> 00:43:01,170
A more difficult
pathogen could come along,
829
00:43:01,210 --> 00:43:04,010
a form of flu, a form of SARS
830
00:43:04,050 --> 00:43:07,730
or some type of virus that
we haven't seen before.
831
00:43:07,769 --> 00:43:11,130
And so asking ourselves,
are we as prepared for that?
832
00:43:11,170 --> 00:43:14,650
We don't know it will happen,
but it's high enough chance
833
00:43:15,769 --> 00:43:17,889
that one of the lessons
of it all should be
834
00:43:17,929 --> 00:43:20,929
to ask ourselves, are we as
ready for that as we should be?
835
00:43:22,809 --> 00:43:27,289
In a TED Talk from
2015, he foresaw the future,
836
00:43:27,329 --> 00:43:29,529
when he urged the world
to prepare for war
837
00:43:29,570 --> 00:43:31,330
against a global pandemic.
838
00:43:32,530 --> 00:43:35,490
After years of warning,
the world was not ready.
839
00:43:35,530 --> 00:43:38,370
He saw his ominous
words come true
840
00:43:38,409 --> 00:43:42,529
with the outbreak of
the coronavirus in 2020.
841
00:43:42,570 --> 00:43:46,050
In March 2020, the Bill and
Melinda Gates Foundation
842
00:43:46,090 --> 00:43:49,530
teamed with the Wellcome
Trust and Mastercard
843
00:43:49,570 --> 00:43:54,570
to pledge $125 million toward
efforts to curb the outbreak.
844
00:43:55,969 --> 00:43:57,369
And Gates revealed that
his foundation was prepared
845
00:43:57,409 --> 00:44:00,449
to invest billions of dollars
into building factories
846
00:44:00,489 --> 00:44:03,329
for the development
of a vaccine.
847
00:44:09,130 --> 00:44:13,170
On March 13th, 2020,
Microsoft announced Gates
848
00:44:13,210 --> 00:44:16,170
definitely left his board
positions at Microsoft
849
00:44:16,210 --> 00:44:19,530
to dedicate his efforts in
philanthropic endeavors.
850
00:44:21,369 --> 00:44:24,969
In September 2020,
his father passed away
851
00:44:25,010 --> 00:44:28,090
leaving Gates with a
painful feeling of grief,
852
00:44:28,130 --> 00:44:30,730
but also gratitude.
853
00:44:30,769 --> 00:44:35,610
He said that his generosity,
wisdom, empathy and humility
854
00:44:35,650 --> 00:44:38,769
has had huge influence on
people around the world,
855
00:44:40,570 --> 00:44:42,570
but mostly on him.
856
00:44:44,329 --> 00:44:46,009
Gates looked up to
him and wrote a note,
857
00:44:46,050 --> 00:44:47,450
remembering his father.
858
00:44:49,889 --> 00:44:52,449
"He was everything I try to be.
859
00:44:55,010 --> 00:44:56,930
"I will miss him every day."
860
00:44:59,449 --> 00:45:01,609
And you know, so
that's exacting.
861
00:45:01,650 --> 00:45:04,170
And so, in fact, in
the latest drought
862
00:45:04,210 --> 00:45:06,449
where Ethiopia had less
rains than those two,
863
00:45:06,489 --> 00:45:08,729
was
actually very small.
864
00:45:08,769 --> 00:45:11,050
Bill Gates has
received numerous awards
865
00:45:11,090 --> 00:45:12,730
for his philanthropic work.
866
00:45:15,650 --> 00:45:18,410
Time Magazine named him one
of the most influential people
867
00:45:18,449 --> 00:45:20,049
of the 20th century.
868
00:45:22,010 --> 00:45:24,490
It also named Gates
and his wife Melinda,
869
00:45:24,530 --> 00:45:27,610
along with rock band
U2 lead singer Bono
870
00:45:27,650 --> 00:45:31,170
as the 2005 persons of the year.
871
00:45:35,449 --> 00:45:38,009
He was knighted as an
Honorary Knight Commander
872
00:45:38,050 --> 00:45:40,250
of the Order of
the British Empire,
873
00:45:40,289 --> 00:45:44,529
bestowed by queen
Elizabeth II in 2005.
874
00:45:50,090 --> 00:45:53,050
In 2016, the couple
were again recognized
875
00:45:53,090 --> 00:45:54,850
for their philanthropic work,
876
00:45:54,889 --> 00:45:56,329
when they were named recipients
877
00:45:56,369 --> 00:45:58,529
of the presidential
Medal of Freedom
878
00:45:58,570 --> 00:46:00,410
by President Barack Obama.
879
00:46:20,010 --> 00:46:22,810
Bill Gates has a vast fortune,
880
00:46:22,849 --> 00:46:24,969
but he's fighting to make
the world a better place
881
00:46:25,010 --> 00:46:27,210
by making good use of his money,
882
00:46:27,250 --> 00:46:29,289
investing in the right places
883
00:46:29,329 --> 00:46:32,009
and into organizations
he believes in.
884
00:46:32,889 --> 00:46:34,690
He and Melinda are now renowned
885
00:46:34,730 --> 00:46:36,809
for their outstanding
charitable work.
886
00:46:38,210 --> 00:46:42,530
They have succeeded
beyond his wildest dreams.
887
00:46:46,010 --> 00:46:47,650
The impact Bill Gates has had
888
00:46:47,690 --> 00:46:50,849
on the tech society
is undeniable.
889
00:46:50,889 --> 00:46:54,489
The impact of his
foundation is phenomenal.
890
00:46:54,530 --> 00:46:56,890
Aid has made a huge difference.
891
00:46:58,250 --> 00:47:00,610
From a loner schoolboy dropout
892
00:47:00,650 --> 00:47:03,289
to multibillionaire tech giant,
893
00:47:03,329 --> 00:47:08,329
Bill Gates has had a long
journey, and it is not over.
894
00:47:09,210 --> 00:47:11,409
At 65 years old and with a hope
895
00:47:11,449 --> 00:47:14,449
of making a positive
impact in the world,
896
00:47:14,489 --> 00:47:17,689
he continues to use all
the resources in his power
897
00:47:17,730 --> 00:47:19,570
to end poverty and suffering.
898
00:47:21,449 --> 00:47:25,289
Our foundation
wants to do its part.
899
00:47:25,329 --> 00:47:27,730
And so I'm pleased
to announce to you
900
00:47:27,769 --> 00:47:31,489
that we're pledging an
additional billion dollars to-
901
00:47:44,210 --> 00:47:45,690
Thank you.
902
00:47:53,409 --> 00:47:56,489
From him we
learn that time is valuable
903
00:47:56,530 --> 00:47:59,690
and is necessary to move fast.
904
00:47:59,730 --> 00:48:02,929
He strives for
continuous innovation
905
00:48:02,969 --> 00:48:06,409
with ambition, persistence,
and perseverance.
906
00:48:06,449 --> 00:48:09,809
He shows us that we can
achieve great things.
907
00:48:11,010 --> 00:48:14,490
Success didn't make
him arrogant, but wise.
908
00:48:14,530 --> 00:48:17,570
He remained humble,
claiming from a young age
909
00:48:17,610 --> 00:48:19,329
that he is not a genius.
910
00:48:20,650 --> 00:48:23,570
His optimistic and
confrontational attitude,
911
00:48:23,610 --> 00:48:28,610
his determination and patience
makes him a great example.
912
00:48:29,969 --> 00:48:33,250
Bill Gates has made an
impact on millions of lives
913
00:48:33,289 --> 00:48:36,329
and his accomplishments are
meaningful and significant.
914
00:48:37,809 --> 00:48:40,529
If his goal was to place
a computer in every home,
915
00:48:40,570 --> 00:48:42,970
we can probably say
that he has reached it.
916
00:48:44,409 --> 00:48:48,809
In 2015 there were more than
one billion PCs worldwide.
917
00:48:50,170 --> 00:48:52,809
If his other goal was to
push others to be ambassadors
918
00:48:52,849 --> 00:48:55,489
for a better world
and save lives,
919
00:48:55,530 --> 00:48:59,210
we can say that he
has reached it too.
920
00:49:02,650 --> 00:49:05,210
So we can salute Bill Gates
921
00:49:05,250 --> 00:49:07,369
for his contribution
to the world
922
00:49:07,409 --> 00:49:09,449
and his remarkable journey,
923
00:49:11,570 --> 00:49:14,450
as he will probably go down
as one of the most successful
924
00:49:14,489 --> 00:49:19,289
and influential people
of the 21st century.
925
00:49:33,099 --> 00:49:38,099
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