var subsets = function(nums) {
    let output = [];
    function helper(i, subset) {
        if (i === nums.length) {
            output.push([...subset]);  // Make a copy of subset to store in output
            return;
        }
        // Recurse without including nums[i]
        helper(i + 1, subset);
        // Include nums[i] in the subset
        subset.push(nums[i]);
        helper(i + 1, subset);
        // Backtrack to remove nums[i] and try the next possibility in the recursion
        subset.pop();
    }
    // Start the recursion with the initial index and empty subset
    helper(0, []);
    return output;
};