1
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(keyboard clicks)

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Our app now has two fragments.

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One to display the list of tasks in the RecyclerView,

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the other to let us edit a task's details.

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We finished the last video by displaying

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the AddEditFragment in our activity

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but the result wasn't quite what we wanted.

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Now, in a minute we'll use a FrameLayout

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to see how we can add or remove a fragment

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without the problem that the fragment widget gave us.

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When we use a fragment widget in the layout,

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you can't remove the fragment that it was set up with.

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So our solution

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is to replace the fragment widget with another container

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and then swap the two fragments about when the user chooses

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to do different things.

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Displaying the task or editing a single task.

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Let's document it in the google card we looked at earlier.

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So we're gonna go back to the browser.

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It expands three-quarters of the way down

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but you come over here and click on examples,

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a quick way to get to it.

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Scrolling down there

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Examples, you can see on the screen there now.

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Looking at the fragment, and it's called layout

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in that example, the XML there,

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it's got a fragment widget.

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Let me just scroll it up a little bit.

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But it's also got a FrameLayout placed side by side.

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Now, that handles the landscape orientation.

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For portrait, this approach uses a separate activity

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with its own layout.

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I'm not gonna go into details about this approach.

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It works fine when you're only displaying data.

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In that case, users don't care for that

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it might be appearing in different fragments.

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Whatever orientation that we´re gonna take to find into

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The appropriate fragment displays the data,

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the task details in our case.

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The way this all falls down though

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is when you're allowing the data to be edited.

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There's a clue as to why this is a problem

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right at the top of the page.

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I'm just gonna scroll up to the top again.

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It actually talks about here

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right in this second paragraph here.

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A fragment must always be hosted in an activity

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and the fragment's lifecycle is directly affected

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by the host activity's lifecycle.

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The portrait and landscape orientations

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use different activities to display the details.

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So they're using different fragments.

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They also said that it doesn't matter

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when you're only displaying data.

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The data is displayed on whatever fragments being used

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and everything works fine.

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If you try and edit the data

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rotating the device results in all the users

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changes being destroyed.

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There are ways around that

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but it quickly gets a bit messy.

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So, we're not gonna do that.

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We're gonna do something different.

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What we're gonna do is have both fragments

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in the same layout

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and hide the one we aren't using.

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Before we start creating

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I just want to bring some slides up on the screen

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to explain specifically what we're gonna be doing here.

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When a task's edited in landscape,

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we add the AddEditFragment

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to the right hand side of the screen.

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Clicking the save button will save the task

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and then remove the fragment.

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I've coloured the two fragments in green and yellow

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to make it clear what's being displayed

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when we rotate into portrait.

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So here we are in portrait

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and you could see that the main fragment's hidden

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and we show the AddEditFragment.

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Clicking save will now save the task

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and remove the fragment

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just as in landscape

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then make the main fragment visible.

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The basic operation then looks like this next slide.

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You can see that

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that would hide the main activity container

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when switching to portrait.

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We show it again

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when the display's rotated back to landscape.

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So, when editing a task or adding a new one,

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the AddEditFragment gets shown in the right hand pane

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and the left hand pane is hidden

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when in portrait.

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Okay, so that's what we're gonna do

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so let's make a start.

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I'll go back to Android Studio

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and what we need to work on

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is our content

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ready to modify rather,

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our content and it's called main layout.

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I've got that on screen because

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we were looking an that in the last video.

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At the moment

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as you can see there on the component tray to the left

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it only contains the fragment

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but we're going to place two fragments side by side.

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One will be the fragment that we've got at the moment

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then next to that we're gonna have a FrameLayout container.

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There's more than one way to do this as usual

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but I'm gonna try to modify

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our existing layout in Android Studio.

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If things go wrong,

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and the layout design is the most error-prone

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part of Android Studio,

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don't waste hours fighting with it.

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Sometimes frankly,

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it's just easy to delete the layout and start again.

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So let's start by trying to drag a linear layer,

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a horizontal one, into the component tray.

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In layouts it says

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a linear layout, horizontal.

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So I'm clicking on linear layout horizontal

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and I'm gonna try and drag it into the component tray.

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You can see that when I try and do that

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we've got this no entry sign.

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Now, depending on your version of Android Studio

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it might show that you possibly can

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drag this successfully into the design.

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But when you try to do that

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in this case when I release the mouse button,

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nothing actually happens.

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Now looking over here to the right

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we can see that our layout

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and it's called height, is set to match

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and it's called parent.

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So perhaps that could be the problem.

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Maybe there's not enough space left to add anything else.

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So you can try changing it to wrap and its called content

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and having another go

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but it still won't work.

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Now as I've said previously, don't fight with the tools.

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It's possible that I might be able to get this to work

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it might work with your version of Android Studio.

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But what I'm going to do

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is just create a new layout resource file instead.

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I will open the project pane again

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and create a new layout and then the layout folder

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new

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layout resource.

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Now I'm gonna call this one delete me

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as a reminder that I'm gonna delete it later.

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And for the root element

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we're gonna make that a linear layout.

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So it's like linear layout.

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You're gonna click on okay.

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Then close the project pane again to make a bit more space.

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Now if you look over here in the component tray

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we can see that the linear layout is set to vertical.

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That happens by default

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when you create a linear layout like I've done here.

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So we need to change the orientation

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to horizontal.

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There's a couple of other attributes we need to set

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on this linear layout.

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First, we want our layout

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to play nicely with the app bar.

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So we have to set the layout

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and it's called behaviour attribute

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to app bar and it's called scrolling.

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and it's called view when it's called behaviour.

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So what I can do there is I'm going to extend it out a bit

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I could go over there and find it manually

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or I could just type in layout and it's called behaviour

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or part of that.

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There is layout and it's called behaviour.

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I'm gonna click on the ellipses there

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and then just type in some text like scrolling

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and you can see that finds

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what we're looking for there and I can double-click that.

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And that gets added to a layout

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and it is called behaviour attribute.

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That's obviously a lot easier than remembering

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the full name of the attribute.

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I'm not gonna do this

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but I suggest you delete that attribute

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when we run the app

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just so you get to recognise what happens

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if you forget to set it.

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The other attribute that

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we wanna change here is weightSum.

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So I'm just gonna search for that.

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You could type in weight and there is weightSum

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so I'm gonna click into there.

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Now we want each fragment to occupy half the screen

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so we're going to give them equal weights.

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Whatever values we provide for that fragment will be

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a proportion of the layout's weightSum.

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We've seen that before in the flicker browser app.

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So I'm gonna set the weightSum

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for this linear layout to two.

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00:07:20,069 --> 00:07:21,361
Alright so we've done that now

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I'm going to just delete that search box

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or delete the contents of it

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and just go back to our regular attributes.

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Next we need to add our left hand fragment.

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Go over here to the common category

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and it's also in containers, just out of interest

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if you're looking for it.

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These categories do change so

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00:07:36,774 --> 00:07:38,462
don't worry if things move around.

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00:07:38,462 --> 00:07:40,962
So we're gonna grab a fragment

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00:07:41,970 --> 00:07:43,987
and we can drag it either into the component tray

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00:07:43,987 --> 00:07:46,899
or just anywhere here and just release it.

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And then we need to choose main activity fragment

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from this little pop-up that's just come up.

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We will need an ID here

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because we'll be getting a reference

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00:07:54,830 --> 00:07:56,652
to this fragment in our code.

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And that's needed when we come to hide the fragment.

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So I'm gonna call this one main fragment.

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The layout with the layout on it that is called height

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should both be set to match parent

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and we'll also need the layout weight

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00:08:10,380 --> 00:08:11,513
set to one.

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00:08:11,513 --> 00:08:12,552
I'm gonna change that

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match parent.

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Match parent.

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00:08:15,057 --> 00:08:16,662
And layout weight should be one

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which has been set by default.

231
00:08:18,083 --> 00:08:20,028
But if it is not set to that, you would set that.

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Remembering that our layout has a weightSum of two

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00:08:23,042 --> 00:08:25,342
and this fragment will use half of that.

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You can see that it doesn't appear

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00:08:26,539 --> 00:08:28,389
to have had any effect at the moment,

236
00:08:28,389 --> 00:08:30,966
but that's because there's nothing else on the layout.

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00:08:30,966 --> 00:08:32,066
When we add the other fragment,

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00:08:32,066 --> 00:08:34,955
this one will only occupy only half the screen.

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00:08:34,955 --> 00:08:36,854
Now before adding the next fragment,

240
00:08:36,854 --> 00:08:39,111
notice at this point it just has the text fragment

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00:08:39,111 --> 00:08:40,352
in the middle of the screen.

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00:08:40,352 --> 00:08:42,318
You can see that clearly over here.

243
00:08:42,318 --> 00:08:44,495
So that's not quite the same as content that has gone made.

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00:08:44,495 --> 00:08:46,339
We're just putting it up on the screen there.

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00:08:46,339 --> 00:08:48,589
You could see that it looks pretty different.

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00:08:48,589 --> 00:08:50,936
And if you have a look of content main,

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00:08:50,936 --> 00:08:53,241
As you can see this is showing the no task selected

248
00:08:53,241 --> 00:08:55,702
and also a recyclerview.

249
00:08:55,702 --> 00:08:57,819
The reason that's showing there for our content,

250
00:08:57,819 --> 00:08:58,831
and its called main,

251
00:08:58,831 --> 00:09:01,713
is we actually set the tools layout attribute

252
00:09:01,713 --> 00:09:02,565
over here.

253
00:09:02,565 --> 00:09:04,459
You can see that it's set to at layout

254
00:09:04,459 --> 00:09:06,739
forward slash fragment underscore main.

255
00:09:06,739 --> 00:09:08,725
And that's telling the layout designer to use that

256
00:09:08,725 --> 00:09:11,270
layout when displaying the fragment.

257
00:09:11,270 --> 00:09:13,988
Remember that this is the tools layout attribute

258
00:09:13,988 --> 00:09:15,957
so it's not used when we run the app.

259
00:09:15,957 --> 00:09:18,522
These two are to be together and it is part the design now

260
00:09:18,522 --> 00:09:21,799
but it does make the design look neater or better

261
00:09:21,799 --> 00:09:23,229
as you can see here.

262
00:09:23,229 --> 00:09:25,822
So I'm gonna take a copy of that setting

263
00:09:25,822 --> 00:09:29,368
from the tools layout attribute for our

264
00:09:29,368 --> 00:09:30,804
content that's called main.

265
00:09:30,804 --> 00:09:32,590
Go back to that delete me layout

266
00:09:32,590 --> 00:09:36,502
and we're gonna paste it into the same attribute.

267
00:09:36,502 --> 00:09:38,168
And obviously its a lot easier to see

268
00:09:38,168 --> 00:09:39,361
which widget is which

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when we add the second one as well when we do that.

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For the second component

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we're not going to use a fragment widget this time.

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Remember that we can't remove a fragment from this widget.

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We saw that earlier when we had

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both fragments overlaying each other.

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So we need to use a different container

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to host the AddEditFragment.

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Though Google suggests using a FrameLayout for this,

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let's quickly bring up some documentation about that.

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You can see that in here under the description

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You can see it is described as FrameLayout is designed

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to block out an area on the screen

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to display a single item.

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Now that really sounds like what we want

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so I'm gonna add one of these to the component tray.

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Let's just go back to Android Studio and do that.

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We're gonna add this

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best below the existing fragment.

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So FrameLayout is what we want.

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Gonna have a look in layouts

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there's our FrameLayout.

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I'm gonna add this one just below the main fragment

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in the component tray.

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You can move over and see that it's been added below that.

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And you can see that

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that looks okay already

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but check that the layouts

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and its called weight, is set to one

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Which you can see over here that it is set to

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for this FrameLayout.

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And now both, we're just using the same value

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each one occupies half the available width

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of the screen.

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Wanna also make sure that the layout width and height

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for this frame layout are both set to match parent

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which in my case they are.

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You'll also need an ID.

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This frame will hold the task details

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where we're adding or editing a task

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so for that reason, I'm gonna call this task

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and it's called details

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and it's called container.

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So that wasn't too much work

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it was a lot easier than trying to

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modify the original layout.

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Now of course, we haven't quite finished.

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To update content now that's called main,

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the easiest way now would be

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just to copy the XML from delete me

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and paste it in to content that is called main

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which effectively replaces all the XML

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that's already in there.

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So let's go ahead and do that.

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So I'm in delete me, text

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I'm gonna select the entire contents of delete me,

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go back to content main

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go in to text

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select it all

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I could just delete it or I could just select it and paste

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which will override it.

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Which you can say that I've done there.

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You can go back to design now

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00:11:51,346 --> 00:11:54,577
and you could see that we got that working nicely.

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And you can see over there that

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we've got the settings that we've defined

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for each as well.

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And if you just go back and

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check out the text again for that,

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You'll notice over here

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00:12:05,264 --> 00:12:06,264
we've got a warning

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hover over that

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00:12:07,116 --> 00:12:10,467
it says set android base aligned equals false

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on this element for better performance.

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And I can just click in there

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and there's a light bulb that comes up

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I can click on that

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00:12:17,721 --> 00:12:20,221
set base aligned equals false.

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00:12:21,529 --> 00:12:24,503
That there removes that warning.

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00:12:24,503 --> 00:12:27,452
So we've seen what aligning the base on the widget means

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and Android Studio there

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00:12:29,185 --> 00:12:32,768
was just suggesting that it's not necessary here

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and setting the attribute to false just saves work.

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00:12:35,699 --> 00:12:38,111
The default value for that property is true

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00:12:38,111 --> 00:12:41,040
but there's no point of android trying to line up

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00:12:41,040 --> 00:12:43,149
the base aligns of our two fragments.

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00:12:43,149 --> 00:12:45,881
They contain completely different layouts for one thing,

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00:12:45,881 --> 00:12:47,962
which makes spending time learning things up

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00:12:47,962 --> 00:12:49,284
just a waste of time.

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00:12:49,284 --> 00:12:50,548
That's the reason that we set that

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00:12:50,548 --> 00:12:52,565
ultimately to false.

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00:12:52,565 --> 00:12:53,398
You can see what has happened

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00:12:53,398 --> 00:12:55,462
when I clicked on the light bulb.

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00:12:55,462 --> 00:12:56,702
That line was out of there

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00:12:56,702 --> 00:12:57,880
to the XML.

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00:12:57,880 --> 00:12:59,786
Alright, if I click back to design now

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00:12:59,786 --> 00:13:01,313
we're actually done now.

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00:13:01,313 --> 00:13:02,176
And what I can now do is

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00:13:02,176 --> 00:13:04,409
delete the delete me layout file.

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00:13:04,409 --> 00:13:05,702
So I'm gonna do that

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00:13:05,702 --> 00:13:08,535
cos I've copied the contents over.

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00:13:11,675 --> 00:13:13,483
That's now deleted and in the next video

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00:13:13,483 --> 00:13:16,259
we'll start getting the two fragments working together.

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So I'll see you in the next video.