1 00:00:00,760 --> 00:00:04,540 In that section we're I talk about wanting basics. 2 00:00:04,930 --> 00:00:13,600 Let's start with the writing basics and why there's a rather a rather is and networking wise that forwards 3 00:00:13,680 --> 00:00:22,150 there are packet's between different networks making job through rather is performing IP routing based 4 00:00:22,180 --> 00:00:30,940 on routing table and running table can be established by many of the configure static routes or dynamic 5 00:00:30,940 --> 00:00:32,620 routing protocols. 6 00:00:32,620 --> 00:00:45,370 This is a rather this guy has a writing table in its writing table and the main function of this guy 7 00:00:45,370 --> 00:00:51,370 is making IP routing based on the routing table. 8 00:00:52,120 --> 00:00:54,490 Let's go ahead with two other companies. 9 00:00:54,550 --> 00:01:01,380 In a rather we have companies such as I was which is the operating system of the device. 10 00:01:01,660 --> 00:01:12,300 And at some hardware such as C.P. you and memory and storage such as Flash RAM roam and the end we are 11 00:01:12,300 --> 00:01:22,430 RAM as we talk before the main purpose of rather is connecting different networks. 12 00:01:22,760 --> 00:01:28,740 And here you can see two different browsers which are rather a and rather b. 13 00:01:28,850 --> 00:01:38,050 And these guys are used for providing communication between Turino that works and they are 1 0 or network 14 00:01:38,120 --> 00:01:40,730 and the threes are all that work. 15 00:01:40,790 --> 00:01:47,220 For example let's go ahead with the basic rather configuration. 16 00:01:47,770 --> 00:01:50,330 Well we are configuring or rather. 17 00:01:50,330 --> 00:01:54,100 Firstly we can configure our host thing. 18 00:01:54,110 --> 00:02:04,550 Secondly we should secure our enable mode console port and the Vicci wide ports to provide secure access 19 00:02:05,090 --> 00:02:07,080 to configure a host name or other. 20 00:02:07,100 --> 00:02:14,600 Our command is hostname and we are typing hostname and the hostname that we want to define and as soon 21 00:02:14,600 --> 00:02:24,470 as we hit the enter key as you can see that hostname is turning to the other in here then we are defining 22 00:02:24,490 --> 00:02:28,510 an enable secret password as you can see enable secret. 23 00:02:28,520 --> 00:02:36,860 And we are defining your password then year after we are securing access to our console port by typing 24 00:02:36,860 --> 00:02:38,390 like Courcelles zero. 25 00:02:38,420 --> 00:02:47,780 And in the coffee line mode we are defining your password again after we are defining our passports. 26 00:02:47,800 --> 00:02:55,260 Also for line Vitti why access ports which you reach are the ports used for remote access. 27 00:02:55,430 --> 00:03:02,960 Then we are defining your remove the access method which is S-sh to secure one as you know them we are 28 00:03:02,960 --> 00:03:09,940 typing the password and our password for the BT y access as you can see here. 29 00:03:12,850 --> 00:03:20,610 To configure and I Pivi for address on a rather interface we are getting into the interface mode and 30 00:03:20,610 --> 00:03:29,960 typing I be addressed IPV want to use an subnet mask command rather interfaces are not like Tuwaitha 31 00:03:30,030 --> 00:03:38,190 first and they must be activated by the no shot commandeers you can see in here we are getting into 32 00:03:38,220 --> 00:03:44,780 the interface mode again as you can see to sign and IPV for others to our Rodway interface. 33 00:03:44,910 --> 00:03:56,740 Then the command is IP address and the IP address we want to use and some umask we want to use Let's 34 00:03:56,740 --> 00:04:05,290 go ahead with the IP version for the interface figuration if you will to activate the IP version 6 on 35 00:04:05,290 --> 00:04:06,380 a rather. 36 00:04:06,400 --> 00:04:16,900 Firstly we should enable it by typing IP V-6 unicast riding connect to configure an IP address on a 37 00:04:16,900 --> 00:04:18,480 rather interface. 38 00:04:18,610 --> 00:04:28,840 We are getting into the interface mode as you can see again and typing the IP V-6 address and IPV 6 39 00:04:28,930 --> 00:04:34,160 IP address and the perfect length there we will use them again. 40 00:04:34,180 --> 00:04:37,630 The plus no shot. 41 00:04:37,630 --> 00:04:46,120 Lets go ahead with the rather Lubeck interface call fake loopback interface guys is a logical virtual 42 00:04:46,120 --> 00:04:50,180 interface in a Cisco rather look Peck interface. 43 00:04:50,180 --> 00:04:58,530 It is not the physical interface like fast Internet interface or gigabit ethernet interface as Luebeck 44 00:04:58,540 --> 00:05:00,720 interface has many uses. 45 00:05:00,730 --> 00:05:08,850 Guys For example looping interfaces IP address that our minds as rodders for example waste fraud or 46 00:05:08,890 --> 00:05:17,650 ID and also it allows BGP neighbor ship between two others and something like that at Zohra and loopback 47 00:05:17,650 --> 00:05:20,190 interface is always up. 48 00:05:20,190 --> 00:05:21,790 Guys dont forget it. 49 00:05:21,790 --> 00:05:30,210 So you dont need to use no shut command for loopback interface to define a looping interface IP address 50 00:05:30,220 --> 00:05:36,640 we are getting into the interface mode again by typing interface loopback and the look Pech number we 51 00:05:36,640 --> 00:05:43,130 want to configure then the configuration is same with the other guys. 52 00:05:43,480 --> 00:05:50,170 So lets go at how we can filter our show commands to filter our show commands. 53 00:05:50,170 --> 00:06:02,100 We have four options and they are include X Kloot begin and the section guys to the show command output 54 00:06:02,150 --> 00:06:12,990 so that it all displays lines that contain a particular regular expression we can use to show pipe include 55 00:06:13,000 --> 00:06:22,800 command in EXEC mode in here as you can see we are typing shoppers C.P. you pipe includes IP inputs 56 00:06:23,120 --> 00:06:33,640 and we are seeing the line which includes IP puts keywords right excludes filters show command output 57 00:06:33,670 --> 00:06:39,420 so that it excludes lines that contain a particular regular expression. 58 00:06:39,640 --> 00:06:43,520 So any Here we are typing the show IP interface brave. 59 00:06:43,750 --> 00:06:48,530 This time we are excluding the on signed lines. 60 00:06:48,610 --> 00:06:54,260 So each year we don't see any keyword like unassigned. 61 00:06:54,280 --> 00:07:04,060 As you can see then to begin the output of any show commands from a space for its Trenck we can use 62 00:07:04,060 --> 00:07:11,620 show up for example show and the command pide begin in here. 63 00:07:11,650 --> 00:07:21,010 We're seeing the lines beginning with the line retrieval as you can see Laurita is 0 4 and 515. 64 00:07:21,430 --> 00:07:29,950 And lastly to filter the output of a show command to merge air do an expression as well as any lines 65 00:07:30,040 --> 00:07:32,920 associated with that expiration. 66 00:07:32,980 --> 00:07:43,600 We can use the show the command and this section in here for example showground pipes section rather 67 00:07:43,600 --> 00:07:51,610 the GOP shows us the specific GAAP configurations made are rather. 68 00:07:51,610 --> 00:07:58,460 For example we should run pipes S.R. special from pipe section BGP. 69 00:07:58,540 --> 00:08:07,000 Or we can use Sharam pipes section crypto and we can just see these specific configurations for that 70 00:08:07,220 --> 00:08:08,270 technologies. 71 00:08:09,490 --> 00:08:18,330 Let's go ahead with the writing decisions Packard's journey on their rather network in here. 72 00:08:18,340 --> 00:08:25,170 Guys we have two clients and they are James and the Johnny. 73 00:08:25,380 --> 00:08:34,400 If James wants to send the packet to John first pick up will be sent to default gateway guys. 74 00:08:34,420 --> 00:08:35,170 Why. 75 00:08:35,180 --> 00:08:45,700 Because here we are using 1.0 and here we are using 3.0 as a network. 76 00:08:45,730 --> 00:08:55,150 Is so here and here has different network IDs so because of this James will forward the packet to the 77 00:08:55,150 --> 00:09:04,780 default gateway which is here then rather they will take the packet and check the destination IP address 78 00:09:05,560 --> 00:09:16,010 to forward the packet to rather be Rhaetia tell rather re about the 3.0 network for this purpose. 79 00:09:16,090 --> 00:09:25,360 We can use dynamic routing protocol or studding rather than saying that hey rather a if you have a packet 80 00:09:25,750 --> 00:09:38,470 with a destination of 3.0 network send it to to the two IP address then Pecka to reach through other 81 00:09:38,470 --> 00:09:46,630 be Roby's directly connected to these local network and we'll forward to pick up the Johnny in here 82 00:09:46,630 --> 00:09:47,940 as you can see. 83 00:09:48,220 --> 00:09:58,380 Then packet reads the Johnny and Johnny also can send a reply back to John OK. 84 00:09:58,530 --> 00:10:05,760 So we should do the same thing and rather be saying that hey rather be if you want to reach the one 85 00:10:05,760 --> 00:10:14,680 that zero on at work send your packet to that one IP address. 86 00:10:14,690 --> 00:10:20,600 Let's go ahead with the path selection if you want to establish your running between two sides. 87 00:10:20,680 --> 00:10:28,580 We have two options and they are static and the dynamic writing if we're using dynamic routing protocol 88 00:10:28,670 --> 00:10:36,500 and if if the administrates you distance and Perfect's length Malis are the same for different protocols 89 00:10:36,890 --> 00:10:46,760 always poor to with the lowest metric is preferred if metrics are equal to rather make load balancing 90 00:10:46,760 --> 00:10:48,790 between different paths. 91 00:10:48,920 --> 00:10:56,780 Metrics are the cost volleyers used by Rodders to that to find the best path to our destination network. 92 00:10:56,780 --> 00:11:03,770 Several factors have dine and week crowding pulled over the side which is the preferred or shortest 93 00:11:03,770 --> 00:11:12,140 path to their particular destination metric is calculated differently for each dynamic wording per the 94 00:11:12,140 --> 00:11:22,210 call and the metric is for example if you are using your rep protocol your metric will be the hope Conn's. 95 00:11:22,220 --> 00:11:34,550 If you're using OSPF your metric will be costly which is dependent with the bandwidth at Mr.. 96 00:11:34,550 --> 00:11:42,770 Distance is a value that rather is use in order to select the best path when there are two or more different 97 00:11:42,770 --> 00:11:50,510 routes to the same destination from two different protocols administrative distance comes the reliability 98 00:11:50,510 --> 00:12:02,380 of a writing protocol and is a numeric value which can range from 0 to 255 255 as smaller administrative 99 00:12:02,390 --> 00:12:06,160 distance is more to us that by erasure. 100 00:12:06,320 --> 00:12:11,110 Therefore the best the administrative distance being zero. 101 00:12:11,120 --> 00:12:19,090 And the first the worst is 255 for example under the same conditions. 102 00:12:19,190 --> 00:12:26,380 Always for example internal IGMP routes are preferred over the as big boys. 103 00:12:26,420 --> 00:12:35,680 Because this guy has lower administrative distance Let's go ahead with the rather admin rather operations 104 00:12:35,710 --> 00:12:42,580 and we are starting with the study of karate and steady grading is a form of writing that are Cure's 105 00:12:42,830 --> 00:12:50,500 when I'd rather use this manual to configure writing and 3 rather than information from a dynamic routing 106 00:12:50,740 --> 00:12:51,710 traffic. 107 00:12:51,720 --> 00:13:02,130 I like dynamic crowding static routes are fixed and do not change if the network is changed or reconfigure. 108 00:13:02,320 --> 00:13:09,920 This kind of writing static writing guys is more suitable for very small networks. 109 00:13:10,990 --> 00:13:19,380 So let's take a look to the IPV force steady crowding example in here in here in Rodway. 110 00:13:19,770 --> 00:13:30,010 We're making an example slickrock configuration to configure a static route for the rather a for this 111 00:13:30,010 --> 00:13:37,600 network in here as I told you on the previous slide I told you that if rather a gets a packet with a 112 00:13:37,600 --> 00:13:46,360 destination of 3.0 number we should teach this guy how to reach to this particular destination. 113 00:13:46,390 --> 00:13:58,540 So the configuration here is I Petrovice the network that we want to reach with it Saddam mask. 114 00:13:58,780 --> 00:14:05,530 And then next up this command is saying rather that hey you are Gerais. 115 00:14:05,860 --> 00:14:17,650 If you get a packet destined to 3.0 with this subnet mask send the packet to to that too which is this 116 00:14:17,720 --> 00:14:22,780 the interface of the rather b. 117 00:14:23,040 --> 00:14:27,030 So let's take a look at the IP version 6 there riding example. 118 00:14:27,030 --> 00:14:28,610 That's the same logic. 119 00:14:28,650 --> 00:14:37,430 But what we are doing first is enabling the IP version 6 rodding by typing IP version 6 unicast riding 120 00:14:37,490 --> 00:14:38,240 command. 121 00:14:38,460 --> 00:14:48,600 Then we're a bunch of runs in here and we are defining the IP version 6 route commands and the destination 122 00:14:48,830 --> 00:14:49,330 works. 123 00:14:49,380 --> 00:15:00,130 And the next hops which are here this time let's go ahead with the IPV for defaults 30 grouting example 124 00:15:00,610 --> 00:15:09,620 static robing can be used to define an exit point from a router when no other Roths are available or 125 00:15:09,640 --> 00:15:10,900 necessary. 126 00:15:10,900 --> 00:15:20,750 This is called default Perrault's which means send everything and singles to exit point which is to 127 00:15:20,790 --> 00:15:21,870 the two. 128 00:15:21,870 --> 00:15:29,120 For this example for example what we are saying to rather a in the here I Pirata. 129 00:15:29,140 --> 00:15:31,100 Hey well race hand. 130 00:15:31,270 --> 00:15:42,730 Every packet that you rage this means every packet that reaches the Rodway send everything to to that 131 00:15:42,850 --> 00:15:43,460 too. 132 00:15:43,660 --> 00:15:49,160 So were there were the packet to every packet Cambs for the rather a. 133 00:15:49,270 --> 00:15:57,910 Will be forwarded to that through IP address and it's the same thing for the IP version 6 do for all 134 00:15:57,910 --> 00:16:05,380 static routing again but the command is IP version 6 unicast routing that's the one thing that we need 135 00:16:05,380 --> 00:16:07,050 to implement for us. 136 00:16:07,090 --> 00:16:18,190 As you know then we are typing the I 2006 rods with the double columns slash 0 which is the identical 137 00:16:18,190 --> 00:16:22,290 of 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0. 138 00:16:22,430 --> 00:16:29,800 If you are rich which means everything then will be forwarded to this interface this time. 139 00:16:30,610 --> 00:16:40,060 Let's go ahead with the floating static routes floating things 30 crowds are new routes used for creating 140 00:16:40,120 --> 00:16:43,150 a backup path in this method. 141 00:16:43,180 --> 00:16:52,690 You define a higher administrative distance for backup patho and so that route is not available in normal 142 00:16:52,990 --> 00:16:54,040 conditions. 143 00:16:54,220 --> 00:17:01,210 The floating static route will be only active when the primary route fails. 144 00:17:01,300 --> 00:17:08,920 For example in here we have a rudder which is rather warm and we here we have to study crowds configured 145 00:17:08,920 --> 00:17:18,100 to study default routes configured for this rather and in the first route we are forwarding our pockets 146 00:17:18,130 --> 00:17:19,210 to zero. 147 00:17:19,220 --> 00:17:23,780 That to I'm sorry 10. 148 00:17:24,750 --> 00:17:29,620 23 that's the road up to which is here. 149 00:17:29,980 --> 00:17:36,390 So the packets coming through the sky are being forwarded to here always. 150 00:17:36,610 --> 00:17:44,900 But we have another route in here as you can see which is forwarding the packet to tender 22 that's 151 00:17:44,950 --> 00:17:47,120 0.2 which is here. 152 00:17:47,350 --> 00:17:50,590 So if this route fails 153 00:17:52,400 --> 00:18:00,730 this route will get into play and our packets will be forwarded through here. 154 00:18:02,490 --> 00:18:10,890 Let's go ahead the route summarization Rob summarization also called thruster aggregation is a method 155 00:18:10,950 --> 00:18:17,070 of minimizing the number of running tables in an IP network. 156 00:18:17,070 --> 00:18:24,340 It works by consolidating the cell like to multiple routes into a single rod advertisement. 157 00:18:24,420 --> 00:18:33,030 It's contrast to flat routing in which every routing table contains a unique entry for each one in here. 158 00:18:33,060 --> 00:18:40,520 As you can see rather one will represent four separate networks using a single network. 159 00:18:40,530 --> 00:18:52,090 In here we have tell the truth to that 0 0 is slashed 16 then the two and the three 0 0 or less 16 again 160 00:18:52,850 --> 00:19:08,440 10 20 0 is sliced 16 and 10:21 0 0 like 16 and we're using as some way up which is 10 20 0 0 slash 14 161 00:19:08,500 --> 00:19:18,860 and we are representing all four networks using Singo network that's go ahead with this year IDR classless 162 00:19:18,900 --> 00:19:20,610 into domain routing. 163 00:19:20,650 --> 00:19:29,880 See here is a way to EHLO more flexible allocation of IP addresses than was possible with the origin 164 00:19:29,890 --> 00:19:32,550 system of IP Address classes. 165 00:19:32,670 --> 00:19:40,950 As a result the number of Israel built Internet addresses was greatly increased which along with widespread 166 00:19:41,010 --> 00:19:51,560 use of network address translation net has significantly extended the useful life of the IPV for anti-ID 167 00:19:51,570 --> 00:19:52,490 or uses. 168 00:19:52,730 --> 00:19:59,130 We'll ask them to summarize writing tables in rather to more general addresses. 169 00:20:01,740 --> 00:20:09,750 Let's go into the dynamic routing Thetic running Kais ellos routing tables in specific Cruthers to be 170 00:20:09,750 --> 00:20:12,920 set up by the network administrators. 171 00:20:13,110 --> 00:20:14,170 Dynamic writing. 172 00:20:14,180 --> 00:20:23,040 Use routing protocols that dynamically discovers the network destinations and how to get them dynamic 173 00:20:23,040 --> 00:20:31,920 running ellos running tables in Rodders to change if rather on the route goes down or if network is 174 00:20:32,070 --> 00:20:41,550 added in dynamic routing routing protocols running in rudders continuously x change network status updates 175 00:20:41,550 --> 00:20:48,690 between each other as broadcast or the multicast with the help of routing updates. 176 00:20:48,690 --> 00:20:57,480 Message sent by the running porticos rather can continuously update the writing table when our network 177 00:20:57,480 --> 00:21:00,060 topology Chayim happens. 178 00:21:00,060 --> 00:21:03,200 Examples of frighting protocols are. 179 00:21:03,240 --> 00:21:04,270 REP. 180 00:21:04,600 --> 00:21:09,370 ELIJAH R.P. and OSPF maybe. 181 00:21:09,550 --> 00:21:17,830 So the dynamic Perucca the dynamic routing protocols that we can use in an IP version 4 and Mormons 182 00:21:17,920 --> 00:21:19,810 are as I told you. 183 00:21:19,810 --> 00:21:20,910 REP. 184 00:21:21,280 --> 00:21:35,020 ELIJAH R.P. OSPF Plus I S I S and the BGP the dynamic I the dynamic routing porticos that we can use 185 00:21:35,020 --> 00:21:47,950 in an IP version 6 and wire Mundt are rape and Angie I your job before I IPV 6 or SPF version 3 and 186 00:21:47,950 --> 00:21:51,130 the multiple The code BGP for.