1 00:00:00,780 --> 00:00:04,040 In the section we are going to go into the wide area network 2 00:00:07,200 --> 00:00:15,070 whether your network is network infrastructure that provides access to other networks over a wide geographical 3 00:00:15,070 --> 00:00:15,810 area. 4 00:00:15,820 --> 00:00:23,600 This is the key point guys weapons are topically managed by ISP or Internet service providers. 5 00:00:23,650 --> 00:00:31,420 They interconnect different local networks or what geographical areas such as between cities states 6 00:00:31,720 --> 00:00:42,050 provinces countries or contents ones are usually administrated by multiple service providers. 7 00:00:42,060 --> 00:00:47,020 Let's go ahead with the topologist types that we use in the way they're in works. 8 00:00:47,150 --> 00:00:55,500 Three Come on physical whether we network topologies are point to point hub and spoke and the full mash 9 00:00:55,500 --> 00:01:02,970 lets go and with the point the point for us Point to Point is the simplest topology which consists of 10 00:01:03,050 --> 00:01:06,380 a permanent link between two endpoints. 11 00:01:06,390 --> 00:01:13,230 For this reason this is a very popular why do in network topology as you can see in here we just have 12 00:01:13,230 --> 00:01:16,630 two nodes Harmons spore. 13 00:01:16,740 --> 00:01:25,300 This guy is a wider network version of the star topology in which our central site Intercon X Brian 14 00:01:25,320 --> 00:01:28,360 sites using point to point links. 15 00:01:28,440 --> 00:01:37,260 As you can see here we have a hub in the center and we have sporks on the other ants and we have the 16 00:01:37,260 --> 00:01:45,750 mesh topology in here as you can see mesh topology prove its high A-Whale booty but requires that every 17 00:01:45,750 --> 00:01:53,520 system be interconnected to every other system as you can see in the figure and therefore the Elmina's 18 00:01:53,540 --> 00:01:57,430 through to you and the physical costs can be significant. 19 00:01:57,450 --> 00:02:04,800 Each link is essentially as point to point link to the other note where relations of this topology include 20 00:02:04,830 --> 00:02:11,440 a partial Nashe where some but not all of and the Wise's are interconnected. 21 00:02:11,760 --> 00:02:17,880 Let's go ahead with packet switched and this circuit switch turns packet switching and circuit switching 22 00:02:18,150 --> 00:02:24,490 are two working methods for transferring data between two nodes or hosts. 23 00:02:25,510 --> 00:02:33,000 Is circuit switching the network dedicated channel has to be established before the call is made between 24 00:02:33,000 --> 00:02:41,400 uses the channel is reserved between the users till the connection is active for the next communication. 25 00:02:41,400 --> 00:02:43,300 What channel is allocated. 26 00:02:43,320 --> 00:02:47,940 And for duplex communication two channels are located. 27 00:02:48,120 --> 00:02:56,700 It is mainly used for voice communication requiring realtime services without any much delay as shown 28 00:02:56,700 --> 00:02:57,460 in the figure. 29 00:02:57,480 --> 00:03:06,990 As you can see here if User A wants to use the network it meant it needs to first ask for the request 30 00:03:07,020 --> 00:03:16,110 to obtain one and then User A can communicate with user C during the action phase. 31 00:03:16,110 --> 00:03:26,340 If user B tries to communicate with the User ID or any other user it will get Buza signal from the network. 32 00:03:28,170 --> 00:03:35,070 Let's go ahead with the packet switching now in packet switching network like circuit switch network. 33 00:03:35,070 --> 00:03:38,720 It is not required to establish the connection initially. 34 00:03:38,940 --> 00:03:47,000 The connection is available to use by many years but when capacity or number of users increase then 35 00:03:47,010 --> 00:03:53,730 it will lead the conversation in the network packet switch networks are mainly used for better and worse 36 00:03:53,760 --> 00:03:57,530 applications requiring no real time scenarios. 37 00:03:57,540 --> 00:04:07,740 And as you can see in here if user again once the sent data into information to users see and at the 38 00:04:07,740 --> 00:04:16,710 same time if User B wants to communicate with the user they it is simultaneously possible in here guys 39 00:04:17,280 --> 00:04:24,010 here information is padded with header which contains addresses of source and the destination. 40 00:04:24,120 --> 00:04:33,390 This header is sniffed by intermediate switching not to the regular route and the destination let's 41 00:04:33,390 --> 00:04:42,740 go ahead with the one technology is the first thing we're going to focus on is the least line technology 42 00:04:43,260 --> 00:04:52,150 list line is private's be directional or symmetric telecommunications line between two or more locations. 43 00:04:52,500 --> 00:05:01,600 Is this technology is used for telephone data or internet services and prove it's high quality and availability. 44 00:05:01,700 --> 00:05:11,760 It is also a dedicated and expensive technology but it is not so popular anymore in today's networks. 45 00:05:11,780 --> 00:05:18,470 For example if you want to provide communication between my interface and the Amsterdam office you can 46 00:05:18,470 --> 00:05:27,050 use two others and the CSU DSU the wages which are the TDM modems. 47 00:05:27,060 --> 00:05:37,390 Most of the times and you to connect these two locations using the ISP circuits Dial-Up is a form of 48 00:05:37,420 --> 00:05:46,000 internet access that uses the festivities of the public switched telephone network PSTN to establish 49 00:05:46,060 --> 00:05:54,400 a connection to an Internet service provider or by dialing a telephone number or a conventional telephone 50 00:05:54,610 --> 00:06:03,610 line the user's computer or rather uses an attached modem to encode and decode information into and 51 00:06:03,610 --> 00:06:12,530 from or to you for or against the SEALs respectively as Dial-Up can provide only 56 kilo bits per second 52 00:06:12,540 --> 00:06:13,460 man made. 53 00:06:13,510 --> 00:06:17,140 It is about the die today guys. 54 00:06:18,140 --> 00:06:25,990 ISDN integrated services digital network is as set of communication standards for simultaneous digital 55 00:06:26,080 --> 00:06:34,450 transmission of Voice Media data and other network services over the three day old circuits of the public 56 00:06:34,450 --> 00:06:43,660 switched telephone network p s d n prior to ISDN telephone system was referred to as a way to transport 57 00:06:43,750 --> 00:06:48,510 voice with some special services available for their to. 58 00:06:48,550 --> 00:06:55,250 The key feature of ISDN is that it integrates speech and they are on the same lines. 59 00:06:55,390 --> 00:07:04,870 Adding features that were not available in the classical telephone systems let's go ahead with the 80 60 00:07:04,910 --> 00:07:08,030 am I synchronous transfer mode. 61 00:07:08,100 --> 00:07:15,180 Atheism is a telecommunications standards for carriage of a complete range of user traffic including 62 00:07:15,250 --> 00:07:18,190 was there and the video signals as well. 63 00:07:18,380 --> 00:07:25,110 A team differs from more common tolling technologies like Internet in several ways. 64 00:07:25,110 --> 00:07:34,150 Guys for one am uses zero riding instead of using software dedicated hardware Dubois's is known as a 65 00:07:34,290 --> 00:07:41,460 can switch establish point to point connection between end points and then flows directly from source 66 00:07:41,460 --> 00:07:43,380 to the destination. 67 00:07:43,380 --> 00:07:50,220 Additionally instead of using variable length packets like Internet and the Internet protocol that's 68 00:07:50,500 --> 00:07:59,670 a term utilizers fixed sized cells to encode data this 20:00 cells are 53 bytes in length that includes 69 00:07:59,880 --> 00:08:08,300 forty eight bytes of data and five bits bytes of header information as you can see in here others are 70 00:08:08,340 --> 00:08:16,830 connected connector wire 18 switch on ISP backbone for the AGM technology and that's a really legacy 71 00:08:16,830 --> 00:08:20,680 one technology too and it is about to die. 72 00:08:22,670 --> 00:08:30,020 Then let's go ahead with the MPAA as multiple local label switching is a type of caring technique for 73 00:08:30,200 --> 00:08:37,680 high performance communications networks and Pillas directs data from one network not to the next. 74 00:08:37,680 --> 00:08:45,950 Based on short pep labels rather down long work addresses and words in complex lookups inheriting table 75 00:08:46,350 --> 00:08:54,800 labels identify virtual links between these two nodes rather than the end points and Pillas can also 76 00:08:54,830 --> 00:08:58,290 Anke up select packets of various networked protocols. 77 00:08:58,430 --> 00:09:09,530 Hence its name is multi-port local MP supports a range of access technologies including t wan Iwan HCM 78 00:09:09,710 --> 00:09:12,630 frame relay and the D.S. L. 79 00:09:12,800 --> 00:09:21,440 So today more in most of Weidner works so communication operators are using the people as technology 80 00:09:21,440 --> 00:09:30,430 guys and that's the today's technology as you see here we are again to others and to provide communication 81 00:09:30,430 --> 00:09:32,010 with between to others. 82 00:09:32,030 --> 00:09:40,130 We have an edge DeWyze which is known as customer Exoo age and we are providing communication between 83 00:09:41,190 --> 00:09:49,960 these two ants by using the Ampere switch this time which is used on the ISP backbone. 84 00:09:50,050 --> 00:09:54,090 And lastly we're going to focus on the reset reset. 85 00:09:54,200 --> 00:10:01,670 It is a two way satellite ground station with a dish antenna that is smaller than three meters and provides 86 00:10:01,730 --> 00:10:04,220 a private wide range of work wire. 87 00:10:04,220 --> 00:10:12,360 Satellite systems and as you can see in the year we are again two locations and we have two antennas 88 00:10:12,450 --> 00:10:22,050 as you can see here and there is a satellite proves the communication between two ants.