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In the section we're going to talk about h s r b protocol

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first top redundancy Perko F. H R P is a computer networking protocol which is designed to protect the

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default gateway used on some network by allowing two or more hours to provide backup for the address

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in the event of a failure of an active rather the backup brother will take over the address usually

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within a few seconds.

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In practice such protocols can also be used to protect other services operating on a single IP address.

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Not just rodders

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hot Stemberg rather protocol HRP is a running protocol that allows a host computers on the internet

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to use multiple rather that act as a single virtual rather maintaining the connectivity even if the

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first hop rather fails because other mothers are on standby and they're ready to go.

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Rachel I.P and Emeka races are shared between the two brothers and there is no load balancing and were

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fired by the Sjostrom by command.

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As you can see that in our figure we have two others and they are rather one and rather two.

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And please pay attention that I'm using edgers are paid to protect to default gateway for here and here.

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If there is a problem in that rudders this interface or if that rather fails completely for example

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we can have an power unit problem or we can have a cable problem in the interface connecting between

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switch and the router if this rather is the active one the HSR protocol will switch the traffic to the

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Sambre of.

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This is actually what HRP is doing.

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But there is no load balancing.

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As I said for example if this one is active for other rather one is the act of further traffic flows

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in that direction and there is no packet in here.

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When this guy fails the traffic is switched to this direction.

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And if I call for your preemption on rather wan.

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For example let's say that I have fixed the power unit problem and if I configured preemption as well

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this rather will become the active gateway again.

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And this guy will act as a standby.

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So let's take a look how we select the active and the standby gateways in the aitches happy as you can

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see that in the figure we have two brothers again and the router with their highest IP address will

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be active by default but the selection can be changed with the HSR property value rather with the highest

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etches happy price to Wolley becomes active and default property value is 100 the active and the stem

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brothers send the helo packets to the aitches or peer group mouth.

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Guess others in 3 seconds.

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If the help Pecka does not arrive in 10 seconds the standby rather becomes active.

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OK let's say that this guy is active again and this guy has standby.

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If I want to change the roles if I want to make this guy as an active I need to increase the price to

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all the office rather when I think his approach to all of you this guy will be active and traffic will

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follow.

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In this direction is that of this direction in HS or the active gateway propagates this Mechel us and

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SES that hey guys use this mac address widget x x is the atheist or peer group identifier to reach the

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IP address which is HAARP.

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By IP.

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Let's talk about the topology.

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Now we have a PC in here which has an IP address of 10.

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That 100 the gateway address of the PC is 10 to 1.

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And please pay attention that that's the HSR IP IP so I'm at I'm going to attach these I address to

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this interface of the rather one and I'm going to attach this IP address to this interface of rather.

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True and I'm going to attach S10 by IP for both of them and that's going to be turned up one and I'm

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going to define the gateway as Tanda one.

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So what the thing about this for example why I'm not attaching the tender to as Gateway let's say that

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the good ways tend to if good they will be turned up to ival follow this line to send the packets to

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weather and that work great.

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But when these rather fails if this if there is a problem with this rather in at work

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because of the 10 that too will fail also Also I wouldn't go to why they're in that work.

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But if I can figure this one whenever this rather Frails rather too will be active for other and take

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effect on trade and I'm going to reduce the weather in at work again without any interruption.

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Let's take a look to the preemption feature.

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If the active role of fails the standby rather is activated and it remains active even if the previous

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active rather is return preemption process forces rather to a new HSR P selection.

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And here are the states of the HSR brothers.

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We have six six states and the first phase is initial.

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This is the beginning state that indicates HAARP is not running.

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It happens when the configuration changes or the interface is first turned on in the last day rather

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has not at all my the virtual IP address and has not yet seen an authenticated helo message from the

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active rudder in this state.

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Rather we'll still wait to hear from the active rather in the listening state rather knows.

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But IPN makers of the ritual rather.

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But it's not the active or standby in this big state.

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Rather sends periodic etches Arpey hello's and participates in the action of active or standby rather

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in a standby state rather mudders how low packets from the active for other and it will take the active

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state and the current active Crowder fails and in the active state through other forward packets that

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are sent to the HRP group the rudder also sends periodic helo message's.

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And here is the configuration of the HSR.

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First I need to fix the IP addresses for my configuration.

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The IP address in here is

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thirty two.

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And here is thought that Tori and my get Gateway s

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third it up 1 and my H R P is also

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they they're doing the configuration is ongoing under the interface mode and I'm assigning the IP addresses

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at thirded up to and third that three to the physico interfaces.

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These are four here and four here.

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Then I'm going to attach the standby IP by using standby and some by group number and IP and the IP

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address OK I'm doing the same thing on rather to to I just heard two different configurations for rather

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one in here sent by one Pertti 150.

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This line shows me that rather one is the active for for this HAARP topology.

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Because of the default volley of the press it is 100 if I choose the 150.

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This guy will be active from here as you can see that I taps them by wump preempt command which means

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I configured the preemption.

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For example if this rather fails

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this guy will be active from but when this rudder is back this guy will be ystem by again.

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And rather one will be active because configure the preemption 12:5 Daiches IP configuration.

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I'm using the show standby command and I can see the group number State active virtual Mac address and

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standby by others IP as well.

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By typing this shows on by comment I can use different good ways for different real.

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In HS are paid to.

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And this is what multa group HAARP is doing for me.

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For example for Villon tem and reelin 20 I'm using this guy as primary and I'm using this guy as the

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second word for willen 20 million 10.

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Then I'm getting under the interface we learn.

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For example interface will antenne I'm attaching air lower priority for real antenna and high priority

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for me than 20 which means this is going to be active for Villa 20.

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And this is going to be in standby mode for the we learn Ted

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etches R.P. has another great feature that is known as Sarpy interface trecking.

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As I told you in the first flight Sarpy always is responsible for protecting the default gateway interfaces

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but when I try to connect the internet I have also these interfaces as well.

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So what or is doing without interference trecking HAARP is watching that if this interface is up or

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not.

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If this interface fails for example if serial 0 0 interface fails what HSR is doing this is DiClemente

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profitable for one and rather b is becoming the active for others.

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So I'm not having an interruption.

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So traffic is flowing in this direction.

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So another thing that HAARP can do is object tracking.

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For example let's say that I have not problem in this in this interface to and everything is OK in my

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local area network.

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Here is my local area work my rudder is working fine and there is no problem in this interface or this

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interface.

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Everything is OK but there may be a problem on the

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ISP network.

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Maybe I hower central router in here that I'm collecting the traffic from the branch offices but HAARP

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object tracking does.

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I can think here these interfaces of my HQ router and if pink fails to the HQ rather

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I can't change the traffic pattern again and maybe I can use another ISP and and Central rather and

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so that my traffic won't interrupt

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object traffic conflagration as well.

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Under-funding and I personally and I'm trying to pin this IP address as you can see that I have a local

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area in which I have rather one and rather two.

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And on the other side I have a corridor which is an IP address or from what

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them under-funding for frequency which means that I'm going to ping here each five seconds then I'm

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defining the start and the finish time of the HSR.

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I'm sorry I personally then I'm trecking does IPA Salei.

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And whenever there's a problem I'm going to decrement the probes really.

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And the other rudder will switch as the active

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etches are people.

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Is the following two types of authentication and their plaintext.

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And they end the five if you want to configure and the first you can use the semigroup authentication

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and the five keys ring and the keystream number in this thread the group number is arbitrary you can

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choose anything that you want if you want to configure a plaintext you can use them by for example one

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authentication and you can use the string that you want all rather in a HRP group send hello pickup's

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by default the helo timer is set to three seconds and the timer is set to 10 seconds.

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It means that a hello packet is sent but when the errors are pissed then by group devices every three

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seconds and the standby the West becomes active and help back up has not been listed for 10 seconds.

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If you want to modify the helo and Houlton timer you can use standby semigroup number timers and Helo

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time or time command.

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There are two versions of the HRP and they are version 1 and the version 2 version 1 is the default

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version of the protocol aitches IP version 2 ellos group numbers up up to 4000 and 96 thus allowing

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you to use Villere number as the group number.

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All devices in an ancient happy group must have the same version configured.

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Otherwise are elements masses are not on to.