WEBVTT 00:00.710 --> 00:01.470 OK. 00:01.500 --> 00:04.640 So let's take a look at another. 00:05.190 --> 00:06.450 Let's take a look at another. 00:06.470 --> 00:12.360 Yes don't give in question in terms of the question of strategy for how to do your best and given a 00:12.420 --> 00:18.140 question from from a basic standpoint and like I like I've told you the question goes in order. 00:18.420 --> 00:24.810 So you want to look at it and decide which questions are easiest to do first this reading passages coming 00:24.810 --> 00:30.550 from the Isles book ten tests one reading passage to. 00:31.110 --> 00:33.190 I've told you many of the other videos. 00:33.420 --> 00:39.510 I really recommend that you really go out and get the Cambridge textbooks because the Cambridge textbooks 00:39.510 --> 00:45.960 are the best books books to use the Cambridge textbooks are the books that I'm using to teach this course 00:46.710 --> 00:50.390 were the books that I use to teach all of my old courses. 00:50.390 --> 00:54.920 I recommend them for my students and I recommend them for you also. 00:54.930 --> 01:01.980 I don't work for Cambridge I don't get paid by Cambridge but I'm just telling you as I always will what 01:01.980 --> 01:08.080 I think is the best is just like in my Tofel course that I teach for you also. 01:08.670 --> 01:14.530 You can you can know that I'm going to recommend to you the best things so let's get started. 01:14.720 --> 01:20.960 This reading passage is dealing with European transport systems. 01:21.430 --> 01:22.230 OK. 01:22.440 --> 01:28.170 You don't have to read the passage or or read the introduction or read the topic sentences go right 01:28.170 --> 01:34.820 to the questions because for questions that go in order that you have to be able you can scan better. 01:34.950 --> 01:39.110 Better to learn how to scan because you don't have time for reading a whole passage. 01:39.120 --> 01:40.580 They don't give you time for that. 01:40.860 --> 01:45.190 It's about testing your ability just scan for specific information. 01:45.190 --> 01:52.980 All right so when we look our questions here when we look at our questions here 22 23 24 25 26 look 01:52.980 --> 01:55.450 at it first to say what was easiest to do first. 01:56.380 --> 01:57.190 Right. 01:57.700 --> 02:01.830 So number 25 has 30 years. 02:01.840 --> 02:03.820 So that's going to be easy to find. 02:03.900 --> 02:10.150 And we're 26 says 739 billion tonnes in CO2 that's going to be easy to find. 02:10.330 --> 02:15.470 And also number 24 with the words EU candidate that's going to be easy to find. 02:15.820 --> 02:24.190 So I would probably start with 24 25 and 26 and then go back and do 22 or 23 because we know that 23 02:24.190 --> 02:28.580 and 22 will come before 2004 because this is a yes no question. 02:28.600 --> 02:29.950 And they go in order. 02:30.080 --> 02:30.330 Right. 02:30.370 --> 02:33.760 And 24 25 or 26 are going to be the easiest to find. 02:34.030 --> 02:41.370 So let's start with 24 24 says cars are prohibitively expensive. 02:41.410 --> 02:44.810 An EU candidate countries. 02:45.070 --> 02:52.780 Prohibitively expensive when it says for those of you that are vocabulary challenged when he says cars 02:52.780 --> 02:55.670 are prohibitively expensive. 02:55.670 --> 03:00.250 In layman's terms that means that they're there so there's. 03:00.260 --> 03:06.820 They're so expensive that you would want to have them or they are so expensive that it goes against 03:07.150 --> 03:08.570 wanting to buy one. 03:08.590 --> 03:10.510 That's what that basically means. 03:10.510 --> 03:15.960 So cars are prohibitively expensive in some EU candidate countries so it's fine. 03:15.960 --> 03:18.390 Key words here EU candidate countries. 03:18.670 --> 03:21.820 Let's see what it says EU Canada countries 03:24.300 --> 03:31.460 spined that will scan and this find it. 03:31.570 --> 03:33.080 You knew you you 03:40.250 --> 03:42.630 there's a Cubano candidate. 03:46.690 --> 03:47.090 All right. 03:47.220 --> 03:51.440 And here we go here's the word candidate. 03:51.560 --> 03:53.320 Here is the word EU. 03:53.370 --> 03:54.120 Right. 03:54.150 --> 03:55.640 So that's our sentence. 03:55.680 --> 03:56.580 OK. 03:56.610 --> 04:01.100 That's how you know what's the right sentence to look at it's not about reading the whole passage his 04:01.110 --> 04:01.380 being. 04:01.390 --> 04:08.250 Is this about being able to recognize this about being able to recognize what is the right sentence 04:08.250 --> 04:09.150 that I have to look at. 04:09.150 --> 04:11.590 What is the proper sentence to look at here. 04:11.710 --> 04:13.350 And that's what we're that's what you have to do. 04:13.350 --> 04:16.550 You have to know that you have to be able to do that. 04:16.550 --> 04:17.140 All right. 04:17.400 --> 04:25.470 So let's go back quickly because there's the strong economic growth expected in countries which are 04:25.470 --> 04:37.200 candidates for entry to the EU will also increase transport flows and that particular road haulage traffic 04:37.290 --> 04:44.520 road haulage traffic to draw economic growth expected in countries which are candidates for entry to 04:44.520 --> 04:52.360 the EU will also increase transport flows in particular road haulage traffic. 04:53.030 --> 04:53.460 All right. 04:53.520 --> 05:02.170 So that begs the question right we can see that this answer choice is going to be not given. 05:02.250 --> 05:09.960 Why is it not given because number 24 says cars are prohibitively expensive in that in this sentence 05:10.650 --> 05:17.970 in this sentence up here it says nothing about whether cars are going to be more expensive in the EU 05:17.970 --> 05:19.430 candidate countries. 05:19.560 --> 05:24.330 It tells you that there will be an increase in transportation flow meaning how many cars are going back 05:24.330 --> 05:27.960 and forth and hauling for it for hauling traffic. 05:28.170 --> 05:32.240 But it doesn't tell us that cars are going to be more expensive or got to be prohibitively expensive 05:32.250 --> 05:35.860 it doesn't tell us that it does not say it. 05:36.000 --> 05:37.880 Maybe it's true maybe it's not. 05:38.130 --> 05:41.600 But in this sentence it doesn't say it. 05:41.880 --> 05:42.580 All right. 05:42.900 --> 05:45.250 So that's an answer that's not given. 05:45.780 --> 05:48.670 OK that's an example of that given is missing. 05:48.960 --> 05:51.900 It doesn't say they will be prohibitively more expensive. 05:52.110 --> 05:58.330 It doesn't say they will not be prohibitively more expensive don't make a difference don't infer. 05:58.430 --> 05:59.570 That's not what you do. 06:01.210 --> 06:03.520 The answer is not given. 06:03.600 --> 06:09.380 All right next we're looking for 30 years. 06:09.390 --> 06:12.450 We know it has to come after this first sentence soulis scandale 06:18.630 --> 06:21.560 look for 30 years. 06:21.690 --> 06:22.890 There it is right down here. 06:22.890 --> 06:28.270 Boom last sentence 30 years time right 40 years time. 06:28.280 --> 06:31.610 Yes our last sentence down there says look at the question again. 06:34.780 --> 06:44.030 Right the question says the Gotham Bergh European Council was set up 30 years ago. 06:44.340 --> 06:49.560 The Gotham Bergh European Council was set up thirty years ago so I was looking to set it to see if he 06:49.560 --> 06:52.040 says that the council will set up 30 years ago. 06:56.670 --> 07:04.670 Says the ambitious objective can only be achieved by 2020 but proposed measures are nonetheless the 07:04.670 --> 07:10.640 first essential step towards a sustainable transport system which will ideally be in place in 30 years 07:10.640 --> 07:11.570 time. 07:11.570 --> 07:13.580 That is by 2040 right. 07:13.640 --> 07:18.010 So when we look at this centers we're talking about 30 years. 07:18.020 --> 07:23.300 We don't know whether a guide doesn't say if the government Berkhout all will be set up by that time 07:23.300 --> 07:23.840 or not. 07:23.840 --> 07:25.460 That's why it's not given. 07:25.460 --> 07:31.880 Also if you look at the centers where you see Gottenburg Council this objective agree agreed by the 07:32.390 --> 07:39.260 European Council has been achieved by integrating environmental considerations into community policies 07:39.710 --> 07:44.370 and shifting the balance between modes of transport lies at the heart of strategy. 07:44.420 --> 07:48.620 Even in that sentence it doesn't tell us we don't know. 07:49.130 --> 07:52.190 We don't know if the the Council was set up 30 years ago or not. 07:52.190 --> 07:53.440 We don't know. 07:53.510 --> 07:55.520 It doesn't tell us it's silent. 07:55.520 --> 07:57.780 It doesn't tell us it's silent. 07:57.830 --> 08:06.920 That's an example of not given OK that's an example of that given we don't know maybe it was set up 08:06.920 --> 08:13.550 30 years ago maybe or was it set up 30 years ago we don't know when we don't know we put what everybody 08:13.910 --> 08:16.220 not given it's silent. 08:16.220 --> 08:18.730 We can't say it's false right. 08:18.730 --> 08:23.750 It doesn't say it was set of 20 years of indelibly be false if it was true with it would say that it 08:23.750 --> 08:25.170 was 30 years ago. 08:25.460 --> 08:26.860 True is always true. 08:27.070 --> 08:29.420 Falses change different or opposite. 08:29.500 --> 08:37.230 Here it's a missing number twenty six seven point seven hundred thirty nine billion tons by the end 08:37.230 --> 08:38.520 of this decade. 08:38.520 --> 08:46.200 CO2 emissions from transport are predicted to reach seven hundred thirty nine billion tons by the end 08:46.200 --> 08:47.270 of this decade. 08:47.430 --> 08:54.240 CO2 emissions from transport are predicted to reach 739 billion tonnes. 08:54.240 --> 08:56.060 Let's see if that's true. 09:02.020 --> 09:06.220 We know it goes in order so this was the previous question. 09:06.220 --> 09:13.120 So this next question has to come after the Budget thirty nine billion tons right there. 09:13.720 --> 09:15.620 So let's see what this says. 09:16.840 --> 09:22.930 According to the latest estimates if nothing is done I'm reading right here everybody. 09:22.950 --> 09:28.900 So much the beginning of the beginning of the sentence is right here where there's according to just 09:28.950 --> 09:35.980 the beginning of the sentence according to the latest estimates if nothing is done to reverse the traffic 09:35.980 --> 09:44.320 growth trend CO2 emissions from transport can be expected to increase by around 50 percent to one point 09:44.720 --> 09:56.050 1 1 2 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 and 113 billion tons by 2020 compared with the several hundred billion times 09:56.050 --> 09:58.540 recorded in 1990. 09:59.050 --> 10:02.700 So let's look and see what this information says. 10:03.000 --> 10:10.300 Three sentences by the end of this decade CO2 emissions are predicted to reach several hundred thirty 10:10.300 --> 10:14.820 nine billion tonnes right here tells us 10:22.780 --> 10:24.800 that it will be one it will be. 10:24.970 --> 10:32.050 This is false because it says by the end of this decade which is 2020 that it will be 1 million 113 10:32.050 --> 10:33.570 billion tonnes. 10:33.970 --> 10:38.460 This will be one Delia of you over one billion tonnes. 10:38.920 --> 10:47.380 You know and here it was 730 9 billion tonnes in 1990 that's the previous two decades ago. 10:47.740 --> 10:52.140 So this is an example of it as a choice being false. 10:52.210 --> 10:57.820 Because in the next decade it will be is that going to be seven thirty nine billion seven hundred thirty 10:57.820 --> 10:58.470 nine billion. 10:58.480 --> 11:05.200 In 1990 a decade from now is going to be something different something is different or chains or opposite 11:05.240 --> 11:07.210 that you want to put false 11:11.400 --> 11:16.090 questions 1 and 2 to reduce production costs. 11:16.130 --> 11:22.430 Some industries have been moved closer to their relevant customers to reduce production costs. 11:22.430 --> 11:26.330 Some industries have been moved closer to their relevant customers. 11:26.330 --> 11:28.490 So we have to do here is find that sentence. 11:28.490 --> 11:38.180 Key words in the sentence reduce production costs industries and move closer to their customers to reduce 11:38.180 --> 11:39.170 production costs. 11:39.170 --> 11:45.050 Some industries have to move closer to their customers so as not for reducing production costs industries 11:45.140 --> 11:50.960 and kust and consumers are not customers consumers and we know that this one has to come before number 11:50.960 --> 11:55.070 24 because the question because the questions go in order 12:05.590 --> 12:09.050 flow right here reduce production cost. 12:09.710 --> 12:10.130 Right. 12:10.180 --> 12:12.720 Because here was that question. 12:12.730 --> 12:13.390 Here it is right here. 12:13.390 --> 12:15.270 Reduce production cost. 12:15.310 --> 12:16.340 We see it right here. 12:16.370 --> 12:25.060 So look at this sentence so long sentence this phenomenon I'm reading right here which says the word 12:25.060 --> 12:33.970 this this phenomenon has been emphasized by the relocation of some industries particularly those which 12:33.970 --> 12:41.710 are labor intensive to reduce production costs even though the production side is hundreds or even thousands 12:41.710 --> 12:50.510 of kilometers away from the final assembly plant or away from users away from users. 12:50.510 --> 12:50.860 All right. 12:50.860 --> 12:59.620 So it tells us here that they had to redo some relocation of some industries particularly those which 12:59.620 --> 13:08.920 are labor intensive to reduce production costs the production site is hundreds or thousands of kilometers 13:09.010 --> 13:11.600 away from the users. 13:11.600 --> 13:14.970 Users is a synonym for consumers. 13:14.980 --> 13:25.960 All right our question says our question says some interest we move closer to their relevant consumers 13:26.560 --> 13:27.250 closer. 13:27.290 --> 13:30.850 No no no no no this is false right. 13:30.850 --> 13:32.260 This is false. 13:32.350 --> 13:40.630 We know that because it says the production site is hundreds or thousands of kilometers away from the 13:40.630 --> 13:41.530 users. 13:41.740 --> 13:45.090 So they're they're not they're not moving closer to them. 13:45.130 --> 13:46.810 This is where they are. 13:47.100 --> 13:53.130 They are moving them hundreds or thousands of kilometers away from the users or consumers. 13:53.480 --> 13:54.460 OK. 13:54.490 --> 13:58.780 So that that's an example of false because we have it different. 13:58.820 --> 14:05.350 And the question is say as moving closer in the passages say is going hundreds or thousands of kilometers 14:05.440 --> 14:12.400 away away from the final assembly plant or away from the consumers which is the same as users. 14:12.400 --> 14:18.440 So here we have an example of something being false everybody false. 14:19.630 --> 14:21.710 And then look at the first one. 14:26.960 --> 14:30.230 The need to reduce transport is growing. 14:30.670 --> 14:36.240 The names are the need for transport is growing despite technological developments. 14:36.410 --> 14:43.280 The need for transport is growing despite technological developments the need for transport is growing 14:43.680 --> 14:44.160 despite. 14:44.420 --> 14:47.290 So we know number 22 comes before 23. 15:03.550 --> 15:06.020 All right here's our magic sentence right here. 15:06.020 --> 15:12.700 This is to start with although because it says here the requirement for transport the requirement for 15:12.700 --> 15:15.490 transport is the need for transport. 15:15.690 --> 15:20.900 OK required for transport and get our sentences in our sentence. 15:20.950 --> 15:25.590 We look at our sentence Our sentences. 15:26.170 --> 15:29.680 You know the need for transport or the requirement for transport. 15:30.040 --> 15:33.740 OK so that's our matching set is that we have to look at. 15:33.760 --> 15:39.620 Now let's look at the two sentences and see if our information is going to be true or false or not given. 15:40.390 --> 15:46.810 Although modern information technologies can reduce the demand for physical transport by facilitating 15:46.840 --> 15:55.780 teleworking a Teleservices the requirement the requirement for it for transport to continues to increase. 15:55.880 --> 16:00.800 So we have all the information we have modern technology it says the requirement for transport continues 16:00.800 --> 16:09.770 to increase and our question or question it says the need for transport is growing. 16:09.990 --> 16:10.570 All right. 16:10.620 --> 16:17.520 Despite technological developments so is growing so is increasing by it's increasing so that the passage 16:17.660 --> 16:24.210 itself the passage sentence tells us that the technological developments are there that we have them. 16:24.480 --> 16:30.480 But it says the need for transport is increasing 70 percent of them for growing so this will be an example 16:30.480 --> 16:33.390 of number 22 being true. 16:33.450 --> 16:42.610 So to review number 22 was true 23 was false 24 and 25 were given it 26 was false. 16:42.630 --> 16:47.590 All right so thanks a lot for listening to an example of how to do the yes. 16:47.610 --> 16:49.610 No not given question. 16:49.830 --> 16:55.230 It's all about your ability to scan and find the matching sentence and then you have to compare the 16:55.230 --> 16:56.680 two sentences. 16:56.790 --> 17:04.680 Compare the two sentences so I hope that I've been able to give you a really good explanation of how 17:04.680 --> 17:07.170 to do the true false given question. 17:07.170 --> 17:08.270 Thanks a lot everybody. 17:08.310 --> 17:11.670 And now we're going to move on. 17:11.680 --> 17:12.450 Cottesloe.