- [Voiceover] In this movie we're going to get into some
pretty Archean territory.
And so, if that doesn't interest you,
feel free to skip to the next movie.
The thing is, this is an advanced course,
so I want you to understand exactly what's going on
under the hood.
And the idea is that exclude, if you think about it,
exclude applied to a compound shape is no better than
just working with a straight forward compound path
because after all, compound paths use the exclude operation.
And so, let me show you what I mean by that.
I'll go ahead and click, and shift-click, on these circles
to select both of them.
And then I'll go up to the object menu,
choose compound path and choose make.
Or you have that keyboard shortcut of control eight,
command eight on a mac, which may seem like,
why in the world would I ever remember that?
Well just bare in mind that the number eight is the ultimate
compound path because it has two circles cut out of it.
Anyway, I'm going to go ahead and choose that command
and the result is one hole cut out of another.
So, you might figure well, that's not exclude,
that's actually minus front, but here's the thing,
if I were to double click on this path
to enter the isolation mode and drag this inner circle down,
you would see that we have a classic exclusion effect.
So wherever the paths overlap, we have a hole,
where they don't overlap, we have an opaque fill,
as you can see, if I move these paths around a little bit.
Alright however, that's not always the way it works.
What I'm going to do here is press control z,
or command z on the mac, as many times as it takes
to get back to starting point here.
And I'm going to marquee all four of these paths,
and then go up to the object menu,
choose compound path and choose make,
and you'll see that we're not really getting total exclusion
interaction and to demonstrate the difference,
I'll go ahead and marquee these shapes over here
and go over to the pathfinder panel and press the alt key,
or the option key on a mac, and click that fourth icon
in the first row.
And so the immediate thing that you see is that
the exclude mode grabs the fill and stroke
from the front most shape,
where a compound path grabs it from the rear most shape.
But more important, I'll go ahead and double click
on any of these paths to enter the isolation mode
and I'll drag this square so it's more or less centered
on the other path outlines
and you can see we get that even-odd interaction.
So anyplace where two path outlines overlap,
which is an even number, we get a hole.
Anytime where three path outlines overlap,
which is an odd number, we see an opaque fill once again.
And anytime where four path outlines overlap,
again an even number, we see a hole.
Compare that to what we're getting with a compound path.
I'll go ahead and press the escape key
in order to exit the isolation mode
and I'll double click on the compound path to isolate it,
and then I'll drag that square down once again.
Where we have an even overlap, we get a hole
but the next odd, and even overlaps, we see opaque fills.
The problem is, an obscure post grip feature
known as the non zero winding fill rule.
Now, I'm not even going to bother to explain to you
what that means, it's basically all about
the direction of the path outlines.
But I am going to explain the solution.
What you do is, you go up to the window menu
and you choose the attributes command,
which brings up this dinky little panel here,
at least by default.
Then you click on this double arrow icon
in order to expand the panel.
And notice this icon that's currently active.
It says, use non-zero winding fill rule,
which is illustrators default setting.
What you want is this guy right next door
use even-odd fill rule,
which I think I've been explaining in detail
throughout this movie, and notice as soon as you click on it
we get the exclusion behavior that we're looking for.
And in fact, we get the exact interaction that we get
from a compound shape set to the exclude mode.
And so you may have very well asked,
well then what is the advantage to working with a compound
shape set to exclude?
And the answer is that, you can apply multiple modes
within a single compound shape,
as I'm about to demonstrate in the very next movie.