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- In the previous chapter,

we saw the Transform effect.



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In case you missed it Transform

lets you scale, rotate,



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and duplicate a selection,

and you can do so



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altogether dynamically,

meaning that the path outline,



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for example, isn't really

scaled, rotated, or duplicated,



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it just looks that way.



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And so if you modify the

path, all the scaling,



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rotating, and duplicating

updates automatically,



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but that's not the only way to work.



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Since its inception,

Illustrator has offered



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a collection of static

transformation tools.



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Now, by static, I mean

that if you scale, rotate,



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and duplicate a path it really happens,



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the path is permanently altered.



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Now it's easy to think of dynamic as good,



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and static as bad, but

there are plenty of reasons



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why static transformations

may sometimes be better.



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First, Illustrator offers four

static transformation tools,



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Scale, Rotate, Reflect, and Shear.



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That final tool, Shear, it

skews things, slants them.



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Which is not something you can

do with the Transform effect.



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Second, because these are

tools, you can use them



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by dragging directly

in the document window.



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That makes for satisfyingly

tactile feedback



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complete with snapping, which

in turn reduces ambiguity,



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and can lead to more

technically accurate results.



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Third, these tools allow

you to define a specific



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origin for the transformation.



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So for example, you can

rotate around literally



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any point in your document.



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Plus, you can transform

partial path outlines



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which is not something the

Transform effect can do.



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You have this weird tool called Reshape,



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that you may occasionally find useful,



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and you know that

transformations actually happen



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so you're not working with ghost objects.



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Now, I'm the first to

admit, I'm a huge fan of the



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Transform effect, it might

be my favorite feature in



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all of Illustrator, and

we'll be seeing lots more



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of it in the future.



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Which is why you can

trust me when I say static



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transformations still have a

lot of practical applications.



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Here, let me show you a few examples.