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- In this movie, I'll show ya how to fit

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this line of headline type so that

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it exactly fits the width
of the margin guide.

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So I'll go ahead and switch to my

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illustration in progress.

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I'll click on this top line of type

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and press shift down
arrow a couple of times

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in order to nudge it down and give myself

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a little more room.

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I'm gonna start things off with a couple

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of very useful keyboard shortcuts

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for adjusting the size of your text.

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For these to work, your text has

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to be selected with the Type Tool.

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I'll go ahead and double-click inside

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the text, like so, in
order to automatically

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switch to the Type Tool and position

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my blinking insertion marker.

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Then I'll select all the
type in this text object.

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The easiest way to do that is to go

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to the Select menu and
choose the All command,

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or easier still, you can press control a,

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or command a on the Mac.

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Now let's say I'm not exactly sure

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what type size I'm looking for.

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I could just click inside
of this type size field

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and press the up arrow key in order

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to increase the type size,
or the down arrow key

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to reduce it.

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I could also press shift
along with an arrow key

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to move in 10-point increments,

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but there's another way of working,

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and to take advantage of it, I'll press

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the escape key so the type size value's no

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longer highlighted, and then I'll press

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control shift period,

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that's command shift period on the Mac,

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to incrementally increase
the size of my type.

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The reason it's period
is because the period key

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also features the greater than sign

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on an American keyboard.

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If you wanna reduce the size of your text,

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you press control shift comma, or

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command shift comma, which is the same as

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control shift or command
shift less than sign.

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If you wanna move in
bigger increments still,

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then you can add the alt or option key.

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This is the result of
pressing control shift alt

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greater than sign, or command shift option

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greater than sign on the Mac, whereas

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this is what happens when you press

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control shift, or command
shift, less than sign.

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However you get there, we wanna end up

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increasing the type size
until it's 40 points,

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as we're seeing up here
in the control panel.

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Now what I wanna do is take advantage

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of a command under the Type menu

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called Fit Headline, but
currently, it's dimmed,

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and that's because it
doesn't work with point type.

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You have to first convert
your text to area type.

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You do that by pressing the escape key

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in order to escape the text entry mode,

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and then you bring back your bounding box

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by going to the View menu and choosing

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Show Bounding Box, or you can press

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control shift b, or
command shift b on the Mac.

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Now you can go over here
to this little widget

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and double-click on it, like so, and that

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will convert your text to area type,

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at which point you can go
ahead and make it wider

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so that the text frame
fits the entire width

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of the margin guide.

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That still doesn't quite
take care of our problem.

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Notice here under the
Type menu, Fit Headline

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is still dimmed, and that's because I need

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to perform one more step, which is

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to double-click inside the text in order

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to automatically switch to the Type Tool,

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and then, with just that
blinking insertion marker

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sitting there and nothing more, go up

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to the Type menu and choose the

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now-available Fit Headline command.

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That will increase the
amount of horizontal space

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between the letters in order to fit

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the width of the margin guide.

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Now I'm gonna press the escape key

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in order to switch back
to my Black Arrow Tool,

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and I'm gonna press control shift b,

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or command shift b on the Mac, to hide

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that bounding box.

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Now I wanna change the color of my text.

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Color is a character-level
formatting attribute,

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just like Font and Style
and Size and so forth,

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but you're not gonna find it here inside

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the Character panel.

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Instead, you just wanna
go ahead and bring up

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the Swatches panel, which you can do

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by going to the Window menu and choosing

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the Swatches command, unless, of course,

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it already has a check
mark in front of it,

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in which case the Swatches panel

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is already onscreen.

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Notice that I have all
these global swatches

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that came in along with my text.

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I'm gonna get rid of them by selecting

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Black 11 right here,
and then shift clicking

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on Blue to select all the global swatches.

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Then to get rid of all of
them without a warning,

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I'll alt click, or option
click, on the little trash icon,

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and they will disappear.

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Now I'll make sure my Fill is active.

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As I can see, it is,
in the top left corner

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of the Swatches panel, at which point

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I'll select this dark shade of red,

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which is R193 G39 B45.

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That will recolor the text,
as we're seeing right here.

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Now I wanna further adjust the amount

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of horizontal space between my characters.

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Notice if I go ahead and zoom in here,

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that while the amount of horizontal space

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between, let's say, the
d and the e in the word

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Denslow looks just fine,
we have way too much space

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between the w and the period.

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That's a function of
what's known as kerning.

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So basically, every
single character of type

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has its own spacing metrics built in,

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but every once in a while,
two neighboring characters

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don't really go together very well,

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in which case, they become a kerning pair

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that Illustrator is designed
to modify automatically.

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But right now, we have
the kerning turned off,

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and so what you need to do is go ahead

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and marquee these top two lines of type,

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taking care not to accidentally select

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any of the body copy.

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Make sure you're not
seeing any purple lines,

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as I'm seeing when I hover over that text.

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Then go up to the Character panel

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and notice this option right here.

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It's the one that affects the kerning.

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You can see right now, it's set to zero,

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which means that all kerning pairs

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are being ignored.

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What you wanna do is click on this

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down-pointing arrowhead,
and at the very least,

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select Auto, which is gonna look up

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the kerning information that's built into

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each and every font.

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You can see, that took
care of our spacing problem

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quite nicely.

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Another option is to go with Optical.

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Optical tells Illustrator
to automatically evaluate

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the shape of each and every character

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in a selection and adjust
the spacing accordingly.

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You may find that it really works wonders

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on display type, which is why I'm going

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to choose Optical in the
case of my selected text.

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Then I'll press the escape
key to hide that panel.

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I wanna do one more thing, and that's

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to zoom out a little bit so that I can see

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more of my text at a time.

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Then I'm gonna click on this point text

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right here, the one that
represents the bylines.

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Now I wanna space these characters out

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a little more, and so
I'll once again click

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on the word Character and switch from

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the Kerning option to
its next-door neighbor,

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which is Tracking.

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Tracking is essentially kerning

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for multiple characters at a time.

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So, for example, if I
change this Tracking value

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to 100, let's say, I'm gonna really space

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those characters out from each other,

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which is why, in the end, I came up

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with a Tracking value of 40, like so.

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Now I'm gonna press control zero,

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or command zero on a Mac, in order

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to zoom out so that I can
take in my entire document.

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It seems to me that this top line of text

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could be spaced a little bit better.

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So what I'm gonna do is double-click

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inside of it again in order
to switch to the Type Tool,

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and position that
blinking insertion marker.

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I'm gonna choose Type, Fit Headline.

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You may wonder, well, why are you choosing

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that command again, Deke?

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Well, the fact is, you mighta
see a shift onscreen there.

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I have done a better job of filling up

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the width of the margin
job, and that's because

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switching to optical
kerning made a difference

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in the amount of horizontal
space, which means

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that it was worth visiting
the Fit Headline command

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a second time, just to make
sure everything's the way

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it needs to be, at which point

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I'll press the escape key in order

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to switch back to the Black Arrow Tool,

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and I'll click off my text to deselect it.

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That's how you automatically adjust

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the amount of horizontal space

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between characters of
type using a combination

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of the Fit Headline command along with

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optical kerning here inside Illustrator.