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- [Instructor] Another great use



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for the knockout group check box



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is that you can turn fill and

stroke attributes into holes



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from the appearance panel,



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and this is one of those tricks



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that the first time I saw

it, it just blew my mind,



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and so here we are looking

at an angled version



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of that atom art that we

created back in chapter 19



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of the advanced course.



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Now this artwork goes a

little farther than that,



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which is why I'm going to tell you



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that you can find out

more about it if you want,



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in Deke's Techniques numbers 508 and 509.



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So that's entirely up to you.



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And by the way, if you end

up getting a font warning



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when you open this document,



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don't worry about it

because we're just going



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to throw this layer away starting now,



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so I'll just go ahead

and click the trash icon



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at the bottom of the layers panel



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and click the yes button.



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Alright, so currently I

have a flat red background



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and I've filled each one of the electrons



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with red as well, so the electrons appear



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as if they're transparent.



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But what if I add some

interest to that background?



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I'll go ahead and twirl open

the back layer right here



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and I'll turn on this gradient rectangle,



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at which point it's pretty obvious



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that these are red electrons,



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as opposed to transparent ones.



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Things get even worse if I were to click



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on a big red rectangle to select it



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and change its fill

color to let's say blue,



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at which point it's absolutely obvious



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that this isn't what I want.



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In fact, this is what I want right here.



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I want these guys to be

absolutely transparent



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wherever they occur,



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and this is something I can achieve



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using the knockout group check box.



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Alright, so I'll just

go ahead and switch back



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to my artwork at hand,



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and I'll press control shift A,



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or command shift A on a Mac,



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in order to deselect the art,



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and I'll go ahead and collapse

that back layer as well.



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Now you may recall that this

is just a single ellipse,



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and so I'll press control

Y or command Y on a Mac



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to reveal it in the outline mode.



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That way I can easily select

it by clicking on it like so,



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and so everything is

coming off that ellipse



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in a form of a bunch of

fill and stroke attributes.



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Alright, now I'll press

control Y or command Y on a Mac



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to switch back to the preview mode,



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and I'll switch back to the

appearance panel as well,



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and let's just go ahead and

briefly build this guy up,



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just in case you forget what's going on,



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and so I'll just go ahead

and turn off all the effects



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and attributes one by one,



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and we'll start with a stroke,



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which is getting repeated three times,



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thanks to this transform

effect right here,



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and then we've got another

fill right there in the center.



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The reason it's a little circle



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is because we applied an ellipse effect,



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and then we've got a bunch of

additional fills right here



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that represent each one of the electrons,



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and so this is all the white stuff,



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and then we have three

red fills at the top,



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which represent the holes,



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even though of course that's

not working currently.



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Then finally, I transformed

the entire thing



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in order to rotate it at an angle.



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Alright, so what we need to do



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is twirl open any one

of these red fills here,



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and it really doesn't matter

what color you start with,



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by the way.



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The color of your shapes

and your attributes



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does not matter at all,



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and then what I'm going to do is click



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on the word opacity and

I'm going to change it,



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once again, to 50%,



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and that's this guy right here at the top,



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so I'll just go ahead and zoom in on it.



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Now what we want to do is

select the entire path.



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You don't want to leave

this fill selected.



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You want to click on this path item



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up here at the top of the appearance panel



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and then turn on the

knockout group check box.



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Now the first time I'm clicking on it,



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in my case anyway, I'm

seeing the neutral state.



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That little dash doesn't do you any good.



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Click again in order to get a check box,



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at which point you will

begin to see through



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that translucency.



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Alright, and now all we need

to do is click on the fill



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in order to select it and

change its opacity value



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to zero percent, and we end up



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with an absolute hole, like that.



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Alright now we just need to do it again,



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but of course it'd be nice

to see the entire artwork,



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so I'll go ahead and press control zero



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or command zero on a Mac to zoom out,



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and I'll select this fill

attribute right there,



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and I'll just tap the tilde key,



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and so if you loaded D keys

and you have a tilde key



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on your keyboard, it's that simple.



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If not, then of course just go ahead



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and twirl the fill open,

click on its opacity option,



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and enter an opacity value

of zero percent, like so,



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and we end up with real, true,

honest to goodness holes,



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where each and every one of

our three electrons appears.



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And that's how you can turn

fill and stroke attributes



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into holes, by assigning opacity values



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from the appearance

panel and by turning on



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the knockout group check

box for the entire object.