1 00:00:00,030 --> 00:00:09,809 Here are the next pair of consonant 2 00:00:00,030 --> 00:00:09,809 sounds we're targeting: // as in 'measure' 3 00:00:09,809 --> 00:00:26,039 and // as in 'sheep'. So we have two 4 00:00:09,809 --> 00:00:26,039 sounds here. The first sound // is 5 00:00:26,039 --> 00:00:35,579 not a very very common sound in English 6 00:00:26,039 --> 00:00:35,579 but it's good to cover it anyway. It's a 7 00:00:35,579 --> 00:00:43,620 voiced sound. So touch your throat again 8 00:00:35,579 --> 00:00:43,620 and produce the sound // you can feel the 9 00:00:43,620 --> 00:00:52,350 vibration. Notice the shape of the lips // //. The lips are protruding. Not 10 00:00:52,350 --> 00:00:58,500 necessarily rounded but protruding // // 11 00:00:58,500 --> 00:01:05,129 And you're making // you're making the 12 00:00:58,500 --> 00:01:05,129 vibration with your voice and you're 13 00:01:05,129 --> 00:01:13,229 producing air out of your mouth //. The 14 00:01:05,129 --> 00:01:13,229 tongue is the tip of the tongue, which 15 00:01:13,229 --> 00:01:17,580 means the end of the tongue, is slightly 16 00:01:13,229 --> 00:01:17,580 up. 17 00:01:17,580 --> 00:01:23,640 This is what's producing the sound. If 18 00:01:17,580 --> 00:01:23,640 you try again notice where your tongue 19 00:01:23,640 --> 00:01:27,330 is, notice the shape of your lips as 20 00:01:23,640 --> 00:01:27,330 well. 21 00:01:27,330 --> 00:01:38,520 // The tip of the tongue should be 22 00:01:27,330 --> 00:01:38,520 slightly up. Now the second sound // // 23 00:01:38,520 --> 00:01:47,579 is exactly the same except it's unvoiced. We've seen this many times before 24 00:01:47,579 --> 00:01:53,939 with other sounds. This is the same. The same shape of the lips, protruding 25 00:01:53,939 --> 00:01:58,200 // the tip of the tongue comes up 26 00:01:58,200 --> 00:02:07,560 slightly and you push air out of the 27 00:01:58,200 --> 00:02:07,560 mouth but with the second sound // 28 00:02:07,560 --> 00:02:16,080 it's unvoiced. And it's just like 29 00:02:07,560 --> 00:02:16,080 saying, "Shh. Be quiet." I don't know if you 30 00:02:16,080 --> 00:02:21,150 have this expression in your language 31 00:02:16,080 --> 00:02:21,150 but in English when we want people to be 32 00:02:21,150 --> 00:02:28,769 quiet we say, "Shh." It's exactly the same 33 00:02:21,150 --> 00:02:28,769 sound. So those are the two sounds 34 00:02:28,769 --> 00:02:36,480 and as I said the first sound // the voiced sound, is not as common as the second 35 00:02:36,480 --> 00:02:43,890 sound //. The second sound is much more common. Anyway, nevertheless, let's go to 36 00:02:43,890 --> 00:02:53,180 the target sound practice. Look at the 37 00:02:43,890 --> 00:02:53,180 words, notice the spelling as always and 38 00:02:53,180 --> 00:03:01,410 repeat each one after me focusing on the 39 00:02:53,180 --> 00:03:01,410 shape of the lips, where the tongue is 40 00:03:01,410 --> 00:03:22,639 and make sure you use your voice for 41 00:03:01,410 --> 00:03:22,639 this one. Genre. Unusual. Television. Casual. 42 00:03:23,180 --> 00:03:26,180 Asia. 43 00:03:27,480 --> 00:03:46,379 Treasure. Decision. Massage. Measure. That's great. Now the second sound 44 00:03:46,379 --> 00:03:53,579 remember is the same except it's 45 00:03:46,379 --> 00:03:53,579 unvoiced. So all the mouth position, the 46 00:03:53,579 --> 00:04:00,569 tongue position is exactly the same 47 00:03:53,579 --> 00:04:00,569 except don't use your voice // 48 00:04:00,569 --> 00:04:09,840 Just push the air out of your mouth. // as in sheep. Now let's look at the 49 00:04:09,840 --> 00:04:16,709 target sound practice list. Notice the 50 00:04:09,840 --> 00:04:16,709 spellings as always. Very often the 51 00:04:16,709 --> 00:04:30,979 spelling is 'sh' but sometimes it's 'ch' as 52 00:04:16,709 --> 00:04:30,979 you can see. Listen and repeat. Ship. 53 00:04:31,370 --> 00:04:38,120 Show. Shoes. 54 00:04:39,349 --> 00:04:46,039 Finished. Washing. 55 00:04:47,310 --> 00:05:06,020 Machine. Wish. English. Champagne. OK, I hope that's made it clearer for you now, 56 00:05:06,020 --> 00:05:17,760 the difference between // and //. Now the comparison pairs. This time we're 57 00:05:17,760 --> 00:05:24,420 not doing minimal pairs. The reason is 58 00:05:17,760 --> 00:05:24,420 because, as I mentioned at the start of 59 00:05:24,420 --> 00:05:32,250 the lesson, the // sound is not so common, so it's very difficult to find minimal 60 00:05:32,250 --> 00:05:38,130 pairs that match with //. So in this section we're not doing 61 00:05:38,130 --> 00:05:43,790 minimal pairs, we're doing comparison 62 00:05:38,130 --> 00:05:43,790 pairs. This just means the words are 63 00:05:43,790 --> 00:05:51,060 not the same but similar. But we're 64 00:05:43,790 --> 00:05:51,060 still contrasting the different sounds. 65 00:05:51,060 --> 00:05:58,500 I'm still going to show you the 66 00:05:51,060 --> 00:05:58,500 difference between // and // in a word. 67 00:05:58,500 --> 00:06:06,300 The words have similar sounds but not 68 00:05:58,500 --> 00:06:06,300 the same like minimal pairs. It's 69 00:06:06,300 --> 00:06:11,880 exactly the same process. On the left we 70 00:06:06,300 --> 00:06:11,880 have the // sounds and on the right we have 71 00:06:11,880 --> 00:06:20,100 the // sounds. Repeat each of the 72 00:06:11,880 --> 00:06:20,100 pairs after me and notice the difference 73 00:06:20,100 --> 00:06:30,620 between the sounds. Genre, sherry. 74 00:06:32,740 --> 00:06:52,750 Beige, bash. Casual, cash. Visual, fish. 75 00:06:56,020 --> 00:07:15,470 Asia, ash. Television, tissue. OK, so as I 76 00:06:56,020 --> 00:07:15,470 said they're not minimal pairs but both 77 00:07:15,470 --> 00:07:21,340 sets of words contain the target sound. That's what I want you to focus on. 78 00:07:21,340 --> 00:07:30,230 Now let's move on to the last section of 79 00:07:21,340 --> 00:07:30,230 this lecture, the target sounds in use. 80 00:07:30,230 --> 00:07:39,400 The first sentence has some examples of 81 00:07:30,230 --> 00:07:39,400 //. So repeat after me. 82 00:07:39,400 --> 00:07:52,580 Let's measure this beige television. Sentence two we're focusing on // 83 00:07:52,580 --> 00:08:08,690 the unvoiced sound. Michelle 84 00:07:52,580 --> 00:08:08,690 wants shampoo, sugar and champagne. 85 00:08:08,690 --> 00:08:15,460 And the last one is a mix of the two 86 00:08:08,690 --> 00:08:15,460 sounds. Repeat after me. 87 00:08:15,490 --> 00:08:23,950 Sharon needs to measure her feet to buy 88 00:08:15,490 --> 00:08:23,950 some casual shoes for the show. 89 00:08:29,020 --> 00:08:35,150 So there we have it, those two 90 00:08:29,020 --> 00:08:35,150 sounds are done. Well done. If you don't 91 00:08:35,150 --> 00:08:41,900 have those particular sounds in your 92 00:08:35,150 --> 00:08:41,900 language, keep practicing, keep making the 93 00:08:41,900 --> 00:08:49,490 sounds. Focus on the shape of your mouth and produce the sound. What's easy is if 94 00:08:49,490 --> 00:08:54,440 you have one of these sounds in your 95 00:08:49,490 --> 00:08:54,440 language, for example // 96 00:08:54,440 --> 00:09:02,690 then simply just keep the same shape and 97 00:08:54,440 --> 00:09:02,690 use your voice to produce // 98 00:09:02,690 --> 00:09:07,460 This is an easy way to produce some 99 00:09:02,690 --> 00:09:07,460 sounds which might not be in your 100 00:09:07,460 --> 00:09:16,360 language but are very similar. So try 101 00:09:07,460 --> 00:09:16,360 that and I'll see you in the next video.