1 00:00:00,630 --> 00:00:02,190 Instructor: In the last lesson, we looked at 2 00:00:02,190 --> 00:00:05,100 how we can push our local repository 3 00:00:05,100 --> 00:00:07,770 to a remote repository on GitHub. 4 00:00:07,770 --> 00:00:09,840 Now, in this lesson, I wanna talk about 5 00:00:09,840 --> 00:00:14,840 cloning a remote repository on GitHub to pull it 6 00:00:15,030 --> 00:00:18,720 onto your local repository on your machine. 7 00:00:18,720 --> 00:00:23,720 So this is called cloning, and the command is git clone. 8 00:00:23,910 --> 00:00:27,360 And this is a way for you to pull down all of the versions 9 00:00:27,360 --> 00:00:31,290 and all of the commits of a particular remote repository, 10 00:00:31,290 --> 00:00:35,880 and to store the files in your own working directory. 11 00:00:35,880 --> 00:00:37,650 So once you've cloned a repo, 12 00:00:37,650 --> 00:00:39,570 you've essentially made a copy of it 13 00:00:39,570 --> 00:00:42,120 on your own local working environment, 14 00:00:42,120 --> 00:00:44,730 and allows you to stand on the shoulder of giants 15 00:00:44,730 --> 00:00:47,460 and continue where they left off. 16 00:00:47,460 --> 00:00:49,260 So you won't need to clone it again 17 00:00:49,260 --> 00:00:50,580 during regular development. 18 00:00:50,580 --> 00:00:54,450 You'll continue on your own branch of that project. 19 00:00:54,450 --> 00:00:57,810 So why would you need to clone someone else's project? 20 00:00:57,810 --> 00:01:00,660 Well, it's basically so that you can have your own copy 21 00:01:00,660 --> 00:01:02,490 of a program that they wrote. 22 00:01:02,490 --> 00:01:05,489 Maybe you want to customize it to your own needs. 23 00:01:05,489 --> 00:01:08,160 Maybe the program needs to do something it currently 24 00:01:08,160 --> 00:01:11,520 doesn't do, and you want to extend its functionality. 25 00:01:11,520 --> 00:01:14,700 Or maybe you just found a bug and you want to fix it. 26 00:01:14,700 --> 00:01:17,100 So essentially it allows you to leverage 27 00:01:17,100 --> 00:01:19,620 somebody else's open source code. 28 00:01:19,620 --> 00:01:22,980 So they're putting their source code out onto the internet 29 00:01:22,980 --> 00:01:25,470 and you can simply make a copy of it, 30 00:01:25,470 --> 00:01:27,240 and continue where they left off. 31 00:01:27,240 --> 00:01:29,520 For example, a lot of people use 32 00:01:29,520 --> 00:01:32,220 self-hosted applications for their business. 33 00:01:32,220 --> 00:01:33,840 These are free versions of projects 34 00:01:33,840 --> 00:01:36,420 and services you might have to normally pay for, 35 00:01:36,420 --> 00:01:39,270 such as productivity and project management tools 36 00:01:39,270 --> 00:01:41,550 that are alternative to Jira 37 00:01:41,550 --> 00:01:45,750 or Trello or email servers like MailChimp. 38 00:01:45,750 --> 00:01:48,120 Instead of having to pay Mailchimp a ton of money, 39 00:01:48,120 --> 00:01:51,030 you can host your own email service 40 00:01:51,030 --> 00:01:53,400 or time tracking software for freelancers. 41 00:01:53,400 --> 00:01:57,600 And there's a ton, a ton, literal ton of different options 42 00:01:57,600 --> 00:02:02,430 and you can take a look through that in this GitHub README. 43 00:02:02,430 --> 00:02:04,230 Let's see how it works in practice. 44 00:02:04,230 --> 00:02:06,660 Let's clone some actual reposts from GitHub 45 00:02:06,660 --> 00:02:10,350 and run them locally to see how the entire process works. 46 00:02:10,350 --> 00:02:11,700 The command is pretty simple. 47 00:02:11,700 --> 00:02:16,470 It's simply git space clone space the url. 48 00:02:16,470 --> 00:02:19,620 The url will typically be from GitHub 49 00:02:19,620 --> 00:02:22,680 and it will look something like this. 50 00:02:22,680 --> 00:02:24,000 So what are we gonna clone? 51 00:02:24,000 --> 00:02:26,010 Well, did you know that you can run 52 00:02:26,010 --> 00:02:30,240 the original Quake video game in your web browser? 53 00:02:30,240 --> 00:02:32,250 It's entirely built in JavaScript, 54 00:02:32,250 --> 00:02:33,780 so there'll be parts of it 55 00:02:33,780 --> 00:02:35,280 that you'll be able to read through, 56 00:02:35,280 --> 00:02:36,960 and you'll be able to understand. 57 00:02:36,960 --> 00:02:38,820 But there'll be a lot of work 58 00:02:38,820 --> 00:02:40,560 that's done to create this game. 59 00:02:40,560 --> 00:02:43,530 So thankfully, we don't have to build it from scratch. 60 00:02:43,530 --> 00:02:46,623 All we have to do is just to get clone. 61 00:02:47,490 --> 00:02:51,990 I go ahead, I grab the url to clone the repository, 62 00:02:51,990 --> 00:02:55,110 and in my terminal I can write git clone 63 00:02:55,110 --> 00:02:56,823 and paste in that url. 64 00:02:58,050 --> 00:03:00,690 Now, once it receives all of the objects, 65 00:03:00,690 --> 00:03:03,360 and it gets loaded onto my own computer, 66 00:03:03,360 --> 00:03:08,360 then I can go ahead and CD into the repository quakejs. 67 00:03:08,730 --> 00:03:11,163 And once I'm inside that repository, 68 00:03:12,210 --> 00:03:15,000 I can install all of the MPM packages 69 00:03:15,000 --> 00:03:16,953 by running MPM install. 70 00:03:17,940 --> 00:03:20,940 And then the next step as they describe in the documentation 71 00:03:20,940 --> 00:03:25,410 is I need to set the content .quake.js.com 72 00:03:25,410 --> 00:03:26,670 as the content server. 73 00:03:26,670 --> 00:03:28,950 So I'm just gonna simply copy this entire line 74 00:03:28,950 --> 00:03:31,770 of commands and paste it into my terminal. 75 00:03:31,770 --> 00:03:35,100 Now, once I'm done, I can simply run the server using Node 76 00:03:35,100 --> 00:03:38,280 by again pasting this line of commands. 77 00:03:38,280 --> 00:03:40,080 And once it starts, 78 00:03:40,080 --> 00:03:45,080 you can see that web server is now listening on port 8080. 79 00:03:45,450 --> 00:03:48,060 And so now I can go to that port 80 00:03:48,060 --> 00:03:50,613 and check out the Quake jss game. 81 00:03:52,830 --> 00:03:55,560 So making sure that your url is the same 82 00:03:55,560 --> 00:03:59,040 as the one that they have set in their documentation, 83 00:03:59,040 --> 00:04:00,330 go ahead and agree, 84 00:04:00,330 --> 00:04:03,150 and you'll see once everything's loaded up, 85 00:04:03,150 --> 00:04:06,960 the original Quake game running on your browser. 86 00:04:06,960 --> 00:04:09,300 But more importantly, you are running it 87 00:04:09,300 --> 00:04:12,630 from the code that you clone from GitHub. 88 00:04:12,630 --> 00:04:15,150 So feel free to have a play around with the game. 89 00:04:15,150 --> 00:04:18,839 It's pretty cool and it's very retro. 90 00:04:18,839 --> 00:04:19,940 And there you have it. 91 00:04:21,420 --> 00:04:24,357 Now another example is Wordle. 92 00:04:24,357 --> 00:04:28,140 Wordle is basically a word game where you have to guess 93 00:04:28,140 --> 00:04:31,740 a five letter word using just six tries, 94 00:04:31,740 --> 00:04:34,140 and it went completely viral a few years ago, 95 00:04:34,140 --> 00:04:36,630 and eventually got bought by the New York Times. 96 00:04:36,630 --> 00:04:39,510 And the official Wordle is now accessed 97 00:04:39,510 --> 00:04:41,010 at the New York Times 98 00:04:41,010 --> 00:04:44,340 alongside all of their different crosswords and puzzles. 99 00:04:44,340 --> 00:04:47,970 But somebody has created all the code for Wordle, 100 00:04:47,970 --> 00:04:52,500 and we can clone it and run it on our own system. 101 00:04:52,500 --> 00:04:56,430 Again, grabbing hold of the url at the GitHub repository. 102 00:04:56,430 --> 00:04:58,020 You can see it's entirely created 103 00:04:58,020 --> 00:05:00,240 in Python and uses Tkinter. 104 00:05:00,240 --> 00:05:02,550 So all the things that we know about, 105 00:05:02,550 --> 00:05:04,380 we can head back to our terminal, 106 00:05:04,380 --> 00:05:08,133 use git clone to clone from that url, 107 00:05:09,720 --> 00:05:11,580 and then we open the folder 108 00:05:11,580 --> 00:05:14,103 and set up our virtual Python environment. 109 00:05:16,440 --> 00:05:18,330 And the reason why they created it is 110 00:05:18,330 --> 00:05:19,950 because the original game only allows 111 00:05:19,950 --> 00:05:21,240 you to play one word per day. 112 00:05:21,240 --> 00:05:24,237 But what if you get entirely addicted to Wordle 113 00:05:24,237 --> 00:05:26,250 and you wanna play more than one word per day? 114 00:05:26,250 --> 00:05:29,640 Well, you're in luck because you know how to clone 115 00:05:29,640 --> 00:05:33,030 the program and run it on your own system. 116 00:05:33,030 --> 00:05:35,400 Now all we have to do is just to install 117 00:05:35,400 --> 00:05:37,860 all of the required modules. 118 00:05:37,860 --> 00:05:40,740 And once that's done, we can click on play 119 00:05:40,740 --> 00:05:43,353 and the game will start in a separate window. 120 00:05:44,400 --> 00:05:48,450 Go ahead, have a guess, see what you have. 121 00:05:48,450 --> 00:05:53,450 And my personal starting word, top secret is usually notes 122 00:05:53,670 --> 00:05:56,520 or another word with R and T and S. 123 00:05:56,520 --> 00:05:58,800 But have fun playing with that. 124 00:05:58,800 --> 00:06:00,840 And you can dig through the code, 125 00:06:00,840 --> 00:06:02,880 you can change it from Wordle game 126 00:06:02,880 --> 00:06:04,800 to anything else you want to call it. 127 00:06:04,800 --> 00:06:06,360 Or you can change the colors. 128 00:06:06,360 --> 00:06:08,730 You can modify the code base, 129 00:06:08,730 --> 00:06:11,910 because you now own it on your own computer, 130 00:06:11,910 --> 00:06:13,470 and you can run it, 131 00:06:13,470 --> 00:06:15,390 and you can modify it. 132 00:06:15,390 --> 00:06:17,820 And you can see just how cool it is 133 00:06:17,820 --> 00:06:22,140 to be able to simply clone somebody else's entire code base 134 00:06:22,140 --> 00:06:23,910 that they've made open source 135 00:06:23,910 --> 00:06:26,223 for you to continue developing on it. 136 00:06:27,420 --> 00:06:30,390 So look through the code, open it up, 137 00:06:30,390 --> 00:06:33,480 and take a look inside the word files 138 00:06:33,480 --> 00:06:36,000 to see all of the available words. 139 00:06:36,000 --> 00:06:37,680 There's no cheating here. 140 00:06:37,680 --> 00:06:39,900 And you'll be able to see the actual code 141 00:06:39,900 --> 00:06:41,790 that makes this game run. 142 00:06:41,790 --> 00:06:44,370 So you can see it's just simple Python 143 00:06:44,370 --> 00:06:46,440 which you know all about. 144 00:06:46,440 --> 00:06:48,720 And some of these things you might not understand. 145 00:06:48,720 --> 00:06:52,710 But through studying somebody else's code and modifying it, 146 00:06:52,710 --> 00:06:56,040 it usually makes you a much better developer. 147 00:06:56,040 --> 00:06:59,610 Go ahead, try to improve your own version, 148 00:06:59,610 --> 00:07:04,020 make it a 2.0 Wordle, whatever that means to you. 149 00:07:04,020 --> 00:07:08,550 And this is a big part of your developer journey. 150 00:07:08,550 --> 00:07:11,790 One of the best ways to improve your programming skills 151 00:07:11,790 --> 00:07:15,540 is to read other people's code to understand 152 00:07:15,540 --> 00:07:18,270 what their code is doing, and most importantly, 153 00:07:18,270 --> 00:07:21,240 try to modify it just a little bit 154 00:07:21,240 --> 00:07:24,690 at the beginning and maybe a lot more in the future. 155 00:07:24,690 --> 00:07:27,840 But it gives you a way to level 156 00:07:27,840 --> 00:07:31,950 up your skillset by building on top of somebody else's work. 157 00:07:31,950 --> 00:07:36,950 And open-source code is a great way to get started. 158 00:07:37,080 --> 00:07:39,750 You can clone somebody's repository. 159 00:07:39,750 --> 00:07:41,730 Take a look at some of the more interesting ones 160 00:07:41,730 --> 00:07:46,530 that we've listed here such as Wordle or Jarvis. 161 00:07:46,530 --> 00:07:49,710 See roughly how things work and see if there are 162 00:07:49,710 --> 00:07:53,010 just small things that you might want to change about it. 163 00:07:53,010 --> 00:07:57,750 And this will lead you onto a very important step 164 00:07:57,750 --> 00:07:59,670 on your developer journey, 165 00:07:59,670 --> 00:08:04,140 which is contributing to open source code. 166 00:08:04,140 --> 00:08:06,060 Now, there's a lot of projects. 167 00:08:06,060 --> 00:08:07,410 There's even a list of projects 168 00:08:07,410 --> 00:08:12,210 on GitHub where they have curated some projects 169 00:08:12,210 --> 00:08:16,620 which are particularly welcoming to first time contributors. 170 00:08:16,620 --> 00:08:18,990 So teams which are open 171 00:08:18,990 --> 00:08:22,800 for first timers or beginners to contribute. 172 00:08:22,800 --> 00:08:26,040 And you can take a look at that by going to 173 00:08:26,040 --> 00:08:29,460 awesome-for-beginners, this particular repository, 174 00:08:29,460 --> 00:08:31,800 and take a look through the README. 175 00:08:31,800 --> 00:08:34,799 Take a look at maybe the Pandas module 176 00:08:34,799 --> 00:08:37,679 or take a look at Jarvis or matplotlib. 177 00:08:37,679 --> 00:08:39,780 You can contribute to all of these, 178 00:08:39,780 --> 00:08:42,870 but in order to know how to make a contribution, 179 00:08:42,870 --> 00:08:47,340 you need to learn about pull requests, branches, and merging 180 00:08:47,340 --> 00:08:51,420 which is exactly what we'll cover in the upcoming lessons. 181 00:08:51,420 --> 00:08:54,183 So for all of that and more, I'll see you there.