-: In this section of the course,
we're going to cover the different types
of network configurations that you're going to work with
as a technician in the field.
Now, our network devices and clients rely on a protocol
known as TCP/IP in order to communicate with each other
over the local area network or across the wide area network.
Now, when I mention a protocol,
I'm referring to a set of rules that allows network hosts
to communicate data in a structured format.
The TCP/IP protocol
stands for the Transmission Control Protocol/
Internet Protocol suite.
And it's constructed using a four-layer model
named the TCP/IP model.
Now, the lowest layer of the model
is what's known as the link or network interface.
And this layer is responsible for putting frames
onto the physical network's transmission media.
This media could be a copper twisted pair cable,
a fiber optic cable, or even radio waves
if you're using something like WiFi or Bluetooth
for your network connection.
Now, when you're operating at the link
or network interface layer,
data can only travel through your local area network
and it cannot leave your network
and travel over the internet.
When you're using ethernet or WiFi,
you're usually operating at this lowest layer,
which is known as the link or network interface layer.
Now, as you move up, you go into the second layer
of the model.
This is known as the internet layer
and this is where IP or internet protocol portion
of the TCP/IP model is going to enter our discussions.
Now, internet protocol is used to address packets
and route them across a wide area network,
such as the internet in order to reach far away places.
For example, if you went online
and logged in to watch these videos,
you were using the internet layer to find my servers
and my servers then sent back the data to you
that you requested, which was this video
using your IP address to ensure that you received the video
that you requested.
The third layer as we move up the stack inside of this model
is known as the transport layer.
Now, where we had the internet layer
that told us where to send the packets,
the transport layer is going to tell us
how to send those packets.
Now, there are two types of transport methods
that we can use.
One is known as TCP or the Transmission Control Protocol.
And the other is called UDP, the User Datagram Protocol.
With TCP, you can have a guaranteed
connection-oriented method of sending packets
from one device to another over the network,
but this is slower than using UDP.
UDP, on the other hand, is a connectionless protocol,
which has lower overhead, so it operates faster than TCP,
but the delivery is not guaranteed like it was with TCP.
We are going to definitely talk more about the differences
between TCP and UDP in this section of the course,
I promise.
The fourth layer of the model
is known as the application layer and this is the top layer.
Now, the application layer contains all the protocols
that perform higher level functions, things like email,
file transfers, encryption, and others.
So in summary, we have layer one,
which is the link or network interface layer,
and it's used to send data across the local area network.
Layer two is the internet layer
and it determines where the data is going to be sent
when you're using IP addresses.
Layer three is the transport layer
and it determines how we're going to send that data,
either using the guaranteed delivery method of TCP
or the faster delivery method of UDP.
And then we have layer four, which is the application layer.
And this determines what to do with the data being sent,
such as to process it as a file transfer,
an email being sent, or a chat message, or whatever it is.
So now that we've covered some of the basics,
let's take a look at what we're going to cover specifically
in this section of the course
as we move through our coverage of domain two, networking.
Now, as we go through this section,
we're going to talk about three different objectives:
objective 2.1, objective 2.5, and objective 2.6.
Objective 2.1 states that you must be able to compare
and contrast Transmission Control Protocol or TCP
and User Datagram Protocol, UDP, ports, protocols,
and their purposes.
Objective 2.5 states that given a scenario,
you must be able to install and configure basic wired,
wireless, small office, and home office or SOHO networks.
And objective 2.6 states that you must be able to compare
and contrast common network configuration concepts.
All right.
As we begin this section, we're going to first take a look
at IPv4, which is known as Internet Protocol version 4,
and how it's used to communicate with other devices
on our network and across the internet.
Next, we're going to move into how we assign IPv4 addresses
to our different devices using either static assignments
or dynamic assignments.
Then, we'll move into our coverage of DHCP,
which is the Dynamic Host Control Protocol.
And after that, we'll move into our coverage of DNS,
which is the Domain Name Service that translates names,
such as diontraining.com into IP addresses
that computers can use to locate those servers
across the internet.
Next, we'll discuss virtual local area network connections
known as VLANs and virtual private networks known as VPNs.
After that, we're going to move into our coverage
of the latest version of the internet protocol suite,
known as IPv6 or Internet Protocol version 6.
Next, we'll cover the different ports and protocols
that are used by our different servers and services
to communicate on our networks.
Then, we're going to move into a short discussion
of the two methods for communicating on a network,
TCP or the Transmission Control Protocol
and UDP, the User Datagram Protocol.
Finally, we're going to jump into a short demonstration
where you're going to see how to configure a small office
or home office network, router, or gateway
to be able to connect to a larger network.
So let's get started with our journey
into network configurations in this section of the course.