WEBVTT 1 00:00:00.210 --> 00:00:01.860 In this lesson, we're going to talk 2 00:00:01.860 --> 00:00:04.530 about mobile device wire connectivity. 3 00:00:04.530 --> 00:00:05.610 Now there's lots of different 4 00:00:05.610 --> 00:00:08.070 wired connections on a mobile device. 5 00:00:08.070 --> 00:00:09.390 And if you're dealing with a laptop, 6 00:00:09.390 --> 00:00:11.010 you have lots of different ports. 7 00:00:11.010 --> 00:00:12.900 Whereas if you're dealing with a smartphone or a tablet, 8 00:00:12.900 --> 00:00:14.460 you generally will only have one 9 00:00:14.460 --> 00:00:16.890 external port on that device. 10 00:00:16.890 --> 00:00:18.270 When you're dealing with a laptop, 11 00:00:18.270 --> 00:00:20.070 this can include lots of different ports, 12 00:00:20.070 --> 00:00:22.680 including things like HDMI, display port, 13 00:00:22.680 --> 00:00:24.600 or Thunderbolt for video output, 14 00:00:24.600 --> 00:00:25.740 as well as 1/18 inch 15 00:00:25.740 --> 00:00:27.750 or 3.5 millimeter audio jacks 16 00:00:27.750 --> 00:00:29.490 for speakers and microphones. 17 00:00:29.490 --> 00:00:32.010 Or you might be using an RJ45 connection 18 00:00:32.010 --> 00:00:33.570 for wired networking. 19 00:00:33.570 --> 00:00:34.770 In addition to all of that, 20 00:00:34.770 --> 00:00:37.140 you'll probably have a few USB type A 21 00:00:37.140 --> 00:00:39.870 or USB type C ports on your laptop 22 00:00:39.870 --> 00:00:42.720 in order to connect other accessories to your system. 23 00:00:42.720 --> 00:00:44.220 Now, now what I really want to focus on 24 00:00:44.220 --> 00:00:45.390 in this lesson though, 25 00:00:45.390 --> 00:00:47.160 is the different types of wired connectivity 26 00:00:47.160 --> 00:00:48.390 that you may come across 27 00:00:48.390 --> 00:00:50.430 in terms of power and data cables 28 00:00:50.430 --> 00:00:52.500 when it comes to a smartphone, a tablet, 29 00:00:52.500 --> 00:00:54.180 and even some laptops. 30 00:00:54.180 --> 00:00:56.190 When it comes to smartphones and tablets, 31 00:00:56.190 --> 00:00:58.620 there's really one major division between them. 32 00:00:58.620 --> 00:01:01.020 And this is the operating system that's going to be used. 33 00:01:01.020 --> 00:01:03.630 Is this an iOS or an Android device? 34 00:01:03.630 --> 00:01:06.210 If it's an iOS device, it was created by Apple. 35 00:01:06.210 --> 00:01:08.850 And if it wasn't, it's probably going to be an Android device 36 00:01:08.850 --> 00:01:11.400 and it can be created by a wide number of manufacturers, 37 00:01:11.400 --> 00:01:13.140 but the Android operating system itself 38 00:01:13.140 --> 00:01:14.790 is created by Google. 39 00:01:14.790 --> 00:01:16.920 Now, if you're dealing with an iOS device, 40 00:01:16.920 --> 00:01:19.230 like an iPhone or an older iPad, 41 00:01:19.230 --> 00:01:21.060 you're going to be using a lightning cable 42 00:01:21.060 --> 00:01:24.150 as your data and charging cable on that device. 43 00:01:24.150 --> 00:01:26.310 A lightning cable is a proprietary cable 44 00:01:26.310 --> 00:01:28.200 only used by Apple devices. 45 00:01:28.200 --> 00:01:30.810 And specifically iPhones, older iPads, 46 00:01:30.810 --> 00:01:33.780 and the AirPod cases for your headphones. 47 00:01:33.780 --> 00:01:35.730 All of these will use this lightning cable, 48 00:01:35.730 --> 00:01:37.680 which is a dual-sided 8-pin connector 49 00:01:37.680 --> 00:01:39.690 that can be inserted in either direction. 50 00:01:39.690 --> 00:01:41.430 And on the other side of that cable will either 51 00:01:41.430 --> 00:01:44.670 be a USB type A or USB-C connection 52 00:01:44.670 --> 00:01:46.260 to plug into a wall adapter 53 00:01:46.260 --> 00:01:49.410 or directly into the side of a laptop or desktop. 54 00:01:49.410 --> 00:01:51.120 Now on modern iPads though, 55 00:01:51.120 --> 00:01:53.040 the lightning cable is no longer used. 56 00:01:53.040 --> 00:01:56.220 And instead, they're using USB-C connections. 57 00:01:56.220 --> 00:01:59.340 A USB-C connection is a modern version of USB 58 00:01:59.340 --> 00:02:01.530 that operates at USB 3.0 speeds 59 00:02:01.530 --> 00:02:02.970 and can provide data and power 60 00:02:02.970 --> 00:02:05.460 to a device using a very small form factor 61 00:02:05.460 --> 00:02:08.850 in comparison to the older USB type A connections. 62 00:02:08.850 --> 00:02:10.470 When you're using USB-C, 63 00:02:10.470 --> 00:02:11.760 you're going to find this being used 64 00:02:11.760 --> 00:02:14.460 on Android smartphones, Android tablets, 65 00:02:14.460 --> 00:02:17.340 iPads, and even some laptops. 66 00:02:17.340 --> 00:02:19.020 The next type of power and data cable 67 00:02:19.020 --> 00:02:20.790 we have for smartphones and tablets 68 00:02:20.790 --> 00:02:23.790 is a USB 2.0 with a Micro B connector. 69 00:02:23.790 --> 00:02:25.380 This connector used to be very popular 70 00:02:25.380 --> 00:02:27.180 with older smartphones and tablets 71 00:02:27.180 --> 00:02:28.980 that use the Android operating system, 72 00:02:28.980 --> 00:02:30.570 but most of them have switched over 73 00:02:30.570 --> 00:02:33.810 to using a USB-C connector on modern devices. 74 00:02:33.810 --> 00:02:35.970 Another version of USB that we need to be aware 75 00:02:35.970 --> 00:02:39.000 of is known as USB 2.0 Mini B. 76 00:02:39.000 --> 00:02:41.490 This Mini B style connector was also used 77 00:02:41.490 --> 00:02:43.110 in older smartphones and tablets 78 00:02:43.110 --> 00:02:45.090 that ran the Android operating system. 79 00:02:45.090 --> 00:02:47.880 But again, these days it's not commonly used 80 00:02:47.880 --> 00:02:49.290 because most things have switched over 81 00:02:49.290 --> 00:02:51.810 to using a USB-C connector. 82 00:02:51.810 --> 00:02:53.820 The final one we want to talk about is known 83 00:02:53.820 --> 00:02:55.530 as a serial cable. 84 00:02:55.530 --> 00:02:57.480 Now a serial cable is an older type 85 00:02:57.480 --> 00:03:00.210 of cable known as a DB9 cable. 86 00:03:00.210 --> 00:03:04.560 This DB9 means it is a D-shaped connector with 9 pins. 87 00:03:04.560 --> 00:03:05.910 This is an older type of cable 88 00:03:05.910 --> 00:03:08.550 that used to be used to connect external serial devices, 89 00:03:08.550 --> 00:03:11.700 like modems, into a computer or laptop. 90 00:03:11.700 --> 00:03:14.670 Now, why are we covering it here in mobile devices? 91 00:03:14.670 --> 00:03:16.860 Well, you'll often see a serial cable 92 00:03:16.860 --> 00:03:19.260 or a DB9 cable still being used 93 00:03:19.260 --> 00:03:22.290 on some laptops for connecting to a router or switch 94 00:03:22.290 --> 00:03:25.080 when you're using what's known as a rollover cable. 95 00:03:25.080 --> 00:03:27.030 Now, most laptops, these days don't come 96 00:03:27.030 --> 00:03:29.400 with a DB9 port built into them, 97 00:03:29.400 --> 00:03:31.260 but if you still need this capability 98 00:03:31.260 --> 00:03:32.130 because you need to connect 99 00:03:32.130 --> 00:03:34.380 to a router or switch as a network technician, 100 00:03:34.380 --> 00:03:37.650 you can use a USB to serial adapter. 101 00:03:37.650 --> 00:03:38.970 This will be an adapter that plugs 102 00:03:38.970 --> 00:03:41.340 into a USB port on your laptop and provides you 103 00:03:41.340 --> 00:03:43.530 with a DB9 style serial connection port 104 00:03:43.530 --> 00:03:45.000 on the other side of the adapter 105 00:03:45.000 --> 00:03:46.470 that you can plug your rollover cable 106 00:03:46.470 --> 00:03:48.960 into and then plug the other end of the rollover cable 107 00:03:48.960 --> 00:03:50.190 into the switch or router 108 00:03:50.190 --> 00:03:51.960 that you're trying to connect to. 109 00:03:51.960 --> 00:03:53.490 Another use for serial cables 110 00:03:53.490 --> 00:03:56.280 is actually as a virtualized serial connection. 111 00:03:56.280 --> 00:03:58.230 Now, modern smartphone and tablets, 112 00:03:58.230 --> 00:04:01.020 especially those that use Android have an interface 113 00:04:01.020 --> 00:04:04.440 on it known as the UART, U-A-R-T, 114 00:04:04.440 --> 00:04:05.730 which stands for the universal 115 00:04:05.730 --> 00:04:08.250 asynchronous receiver transmitter. 116 00:04:08.250 --> 00:04:10.830 Now this particular device allows programmers 117 00:04:10.830 --> 00:04:13.230 to connect to the device and get diagnostic 118 00:04:13.230 --> 00:04:14.880 and other information from it. 119 00:04:14.880 --> 00:04:17.010 And this is a serial connection. 120 00:04:17.010 --> 00:04:19.470 Now, instead of being a physical serial port, 121 00:04:19.470 --> 00:04:21.780 instead this is a software interface 122 00:04:21.780 --> 00:04:24.570 that's emulating the UR port on that device. 123 00:04:24.570 --> 00:04:26.040 If you're developer and you need to connect 124 00:04:26.040 --> 00:04:28.950 to this UART port on an Android tablet or smartphone, 125 00:04:28.950 --> 00:04:30.990 you can do that using a USB cable 126 00:04:30.990 --> 00:04:34.080 or over Bluetooth if your system supports it. 127 00:04:34.080 --> 00:04:37.380 So keep in mind when it comes to wired connectivity 128 00:04:37.380 --> 00:04:39.420 there are lots of different options out there, 129 00:04:39.420 --> 00:04:42.360 including lightning cables, USB-C cables, 130 00:04:42.360 --> 00:04:45.660 older USB Micro B cables and USB Mini B cables 131 00:04:45.660 --> 00:04:48.360 and the really old legacy serial cables 132 00:04:48.360 --> 00:04:49.440 that you might come across 133 00:04:49.440 --> 00:04:51.483 for a specific use case in the field.