WEBVTT 1 00:00:00.090 --> 00:00:01.500 In this lesson, we are going to talk 2 00:00:01.500 --> 00:00:03.330 about the different CPU socket types 3 00:00:03.330 --> 00:00:05.400 that you're going to find on a motherboard. 4 00:00:05.400 --> 00:00:06.810 Now, generally, you're going to find 5 00:00:06.810 --> 00:00:08.460 that there are two main manufacturers 6 00:00:08.460 --> 00:00:11.100 of CPUs in desktop computing. 7 00:00:11.100 --> 00:00:13.560 This is Intel and AMD. 8 00:00:13.560 --> 00:00:16.200 Each of these manufacturers use a different socket type 9 00:00:16.200 --> 00:00:19.230 and sometimes even inside of a single manufacturer, 10 00:00:19.230 --> 00:00:21.210 there are multiple socket types. 11 00:00:21.210 --> 00:00:22.920 When you're going to be looking at a motherboard, 12 00:00:22.920 --> 00:00:24.750 you first need to determine which type 13 00:00:24.750 --> 00:00:26.520 of CPU you're going to be buying 14 00:00:26.520 --> 00:00:28.350 because once you buy that motherboard, 15 00:00:28.350 --> 00:00:30.780 you're going to be locked into a particular socket type 16 00:00:30.780 --> 00:00:32.700 and it will only support certain models 17 00:00:32.700 --> 00:00:35.250 or generations of CPUs. 18 00:00:35.250 --> 00:00:37.950 When you go to insert a CPU into the motherboard, 19 00:00:37.950 --> 00:00:39.570 most sockets are going to be using 20 00:00:39.570 --> 00:00:41.790 what's known as a ZIF mechanism. 21 00:00:41.790 --> 00:00:45.000 A ZIF stands for zero insertion force. 22 00:00:45.000 --> 00:00:47.430 Essentially you're going to be able to insert the CPU 23 00:00:47.430 --> 00:00:50.160 without pressing down and giving no pressure to it. 24 00:00:50.160 --> 00:00:52.410 And this helps us avoid bending or breaking 25 00:00:52.410 --> 00:00:55.110 any of the pins on the bottom of the processor. 26 00:00:55.110 --> 00:00:56.520 Some of these different processors 27 00:00:56.520 --> 00:00:58.350 have hundreds of different pins, 28 00:00:58.350 --> 00:01:01.890 and each of these are very small and very easy to bend. 29 00:01:01.890 --> 00:01:04.770 If you bend one of these processor pins or snap one off, 30 00:01:04.770 --> 00:01:07.740 the entire processor is no longer going to be usable for you. 31 00:01:07.740 --> 00:01:09.240 So it's really important that you take care 32 00:01:09.240 --> 00:01:10.560 when handling these processors 33 00:01:10.560 --> 00:01:12.780 and inserting them into your motherboard. 34 00:01:12.780 --> 00:01:15.420 Now, when it comes to sockets, there are two main brands 35 00:01:15.420 --> 00:01:17.940 or manufacturers out there that create processors 36 00:01:17.940 --> 00:01:20.610 and each one uses a different type of socket. 37 00:01:20.610 --> 00:01:22.470 If you're using an Intel processor, 38 00:01:22.470 --> 00:01:24.930 they tend to use what's known as an LGA 39 00:01:24.930 --> 00:01:26.790 or land grid array. 40 00:01:26.790 --> 00:01:28.800 With a land grid array socket, 41 00:01:28.800 --> 00:01:30.390 this means that the processor itself 42 00:01:30.390 --> 00:01:32.100 doesn't have the pins on it, 43 00:01:32.100 --> 00:01:35.100 but instead the pins are actually connected to the socket. 44 00:01:35.100 --> 00:01:37.260 When you place the CPU on top of the socket, 45 00:01:37.260 --> 00:01:39.180 you're lining up the pins from the socket 46 00:01:39.180 --> 00:01:41.310 into the holes on the CPU. 47 00:01:41.310 --> 00:01:42.420 Now, on the other hand, 48 00:01:42.420 --> 00:01:45.240 AMD uses what's known as a pin grid array. 49 00:01:45.240 --> 00:01:48.060 Now a pin grid array or PGA form factor 50 00:01:48.060 --> 00:01:50.430 is used by AMD where the processor itself 51 00:01:50.430 --> 00:01:53.190 has the pins and the socket has the holes. 52 00:01:53.190 --> 00:01:56.340 So when you're trying to insert that CPU into the socket, 53 00:01:56.340 --> 00:01:57.360 you're lining up the pins 54 00:01:57.360 --> 00:01:59.880 from the CPU into the holes on the socket 55 00:01:59.880 --> 00:02:02.760 and then again, securing that with the locking lever. 56 00:02:02.760 --> 00:02:05.550 Both of these methods do use zero insertion force 57 00:02:05.550 --> 00:02:08.160 and really the difference is where are the pins located? 58 00:02:08.160 --> 00:02:09.930 Are the pins located on the socket 59 00:02:09.930 --> 00:02:12.420 or are they located on the processor? 60 00:02:12.420 --> 00:02:14.010 Now, another thing to consider when you're looking 61 00:02:14.010 --> 00:02:17.310 at your motherboard is just how many sockets are there. 62 00:02:17.310 --> 00:02:19.590 On a typical desktop or laptop, 63 00:02:19.590 --> 00:02:22.170 you're generally only going to have a single socket 64 00:02:22.170 --> 00:02:25.080 and this would be one LGA or one PGA 65 00:02:25.080 --> 00:02:27.660 depending on whether you're using Intel or AMD 66 00:02:27.660 --> 00:02:29.490 as your processor type. 67 00:02:29.490 --> 00:02:31.470 Because of this single socket architecture 68 00:02:31.470 --> 00:02:33.120 on these desktop motherboards, 69 00:02:33.120 --> 00:02:35.730 you can only support one physical processor 70 00:02:35.730 --> 00:02:37.320 on that particular computer. 71 00:02:37.320 --> 00:02:39.480 And this will limit the upper amount of capacity 72 00:02:39.480 --> 00:02:42.570 that you have for processing on a given system. 73 00:02:42.570 --> 00:02:45.000 Now, because of this, when you move into workstations 74 00:02:45.000 --> 00:02:47.790 or servers, sometimes you'll find that their motherboards 75 00:02:47.790 --> 00:02:50.280 will have what's referred to as multi socket. 76 00:02:50.280 --> 00:02:51.810 Now, because it's multi socket, 77 00:02:51.810 --> 00:02:53.670 this means you can have multiple CPUs 78 00:02:53.670 --> 00:02:56.400 or processors installed on that motherboard. 79 00:02:56.400 --> 00:02:58.740 When you do this, there's still going to be the same type 80 00:02:58.740 --> 00:03:00.840 of socket, there's just more of them. 81 00:03:00.840 --> 00:03:03.300 For example, you might have a motherboard that supports 82 00:03:03.300 --> 00:03:06.930 two or four processors, but they're all either going to be LGA 83 00:03:06.930 --> 00:03:09.540 or PGA sockets on that motherboard. 84 00:03:09.540 --> 00:03:11.820 When you're using one of these multi socket systems, 85 00:03:11.820 --> 00:03:14.460 it is a best practice to make sure you install CPUs 86 00:03:14.460 --> 00:03:17.700 into both sockets for the best performance. 87 00:03:17.700 --> 00:03:20.460 Now, unlike desktops, workstations, and servers, 88 00:03:20.460 --> 00:03:23.460 you generally cannot upgrade or change out the processor 89 00:03:23.460 --> 00:03:27.030 on a mobile device like a smartphone, tablet or laptop. 90 00:03:27.030 --> 00:03:29.520 Instead, these tend to be soldered into place 91 00:03:29.520 --> 00:03:31.770 so the processor physically cannot be removed 92 00:03:31.770 --> 00:03:33.000 from their motherboard. 93 00:03:33.000 --> 00:03:35.730 But again, they do tend to use either an Intel 94 00:03:35.730 --> 00:03:40.170 or AMD based chip using either an LGA or PGA chip set 95 00:03:40.170 --> 00:03:42.330 or they use an arm based processor 96 00:03:42.330 --> 00:03:44.910 that is physically soldered to their motherboard. 97 00:03:44.910 --> 00:03:47.040 All right, the last thing we need to talk about 98 00:03:47.040 --> 00:03:49.920 is different desktop socket designs. 99 00:03:49.920 --> 00:03:51.870 Now these are changing all of the time, 100 00:03:51.870 --> 00:03:53.640 but generally they're going to be labeled 101 00:03:53.640 --> 00:03:55.830 based on a name and a number. 102 00:03:55.830 --> 00:03:58.110 For example, with Intel, you have things 103 00:03:58.110 --> 00:04:03.110 like LGA 2011 or LGA 1151, or LGA 2066 and things like that. 104 00:04:05.550 --> 00:04:08.730 When you're dealing with AMD and their PGA form factor, 105 00:04:08.730 --> 00:04:11.520 they don't tend to use this same type of numbering scheme. 106 00:04:11.520 --> 00:04:15.120 Instead, they like to label it as AM and a number. 107 00:04:15.120 --> 00:04:18.300 In older systems, it was AM2 or AM3, 108 00:04:18.300 --> 00:04:21.660 but most modern and current AMD CPUs and processors 109 00:04:21.660 --> 00:04:24.570 are going to be using a ping grid array form factor 110 00:04:24.570 --> 00:04:27.240 of AM4 as their socket type. 111 00:04:27.240 --> 00:04:29.220 So when it comes to CPU sockets, 112 00:04:29.220 --> 00:04:31.590 remember we have two main types. 113 00:04:31.590 --> 00:04:33.030 We have LGA, which is made 114 00:04:33.030 --> 00:04:36.570 by Intel and we have PGA, which is made by AMD. 115 00:04:36.570 --> 00:04:38.820 In addition to that, if you're using a mobile device 116 00:04:38.820 --> 00:04:41.310 like a phone, a tablet or a laptop, 117 00:04:41.310 --> 00:04:43.290 these are going to have processors that are soldered 118 00:04:43.290 --> 00:04:45.990 to the board instead of having a processor socket 119 00:04:45.990 --> 00:04:49.350 like an LGA or PGA from Intel and AMD. 120 00:04:49.350 --> 00:04:51.420 Anytime you're talking about a processor socket 121 00:04:51.420 --> 00:04:53.820 and you're wondering what kind of mechanism does it use? 122 00:04:53.820 --> 00:04:57.780 The right answer is ZIF, the zero insertion force mechanism. 123 00:04:57.780 --> 00:04:59.010 Remember to keep all this in mind 124 00:04:59.010 --> 00:05:00.610 when it comes time for the exam.