WEBVTT

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Welcome to Basic Object Transformation! Wow, that

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sounds like a mouthful, don't worry it's relatively straight forward!

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So let's go ahead and make something! So we're going to

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learn here how to scale or resize, Blender calls

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it resizing; Rotate and move or translate

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objects. We'll also be learning how to constrain

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those particular operations as well.

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Speaking of operations, we're going to introduce you to the Operator Panel.

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This is something that confuses people, especially when

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you've not used Blender before, because it's kind of a phantom. It

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disappears when you need it again, and I'll explain why and

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what is happening. Understand the 3D Manipulator Widget.

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We've already seen it, it's that white ball in the middle of the screen, with the multi-colored arrows coming

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out of it. I'll explain more about that for you. And we're also

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going to add objects to our scene, so we're going to be building with primitives.

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So let's hop straight on over into Blender!

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OK, so we're over in a Default blend file here,

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and I would suggest, for the moment, that you watch what I'm doing and where I'm clicking,

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so you can get a good grasp of all of the items. We've got

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a lot to go through in this lecture, and I wouldn't

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want you to miss anything as we go through. So we've got our

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cube in the middle of our scene here, and we need to do something with it.

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We need to make it smaller, we need to move it to another position, we need to put it

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at a different angle. Now, we have some options

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up on the top-left, on the Tool Shelf, for transforming.

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That's great! We're doing transformation, that sounds great! So we've got Translate, Rotate,

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and Scale. Those are the three most common things that you'll be doing

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with objects, so we can Translate. What does Translate mean? It means

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move. And we can right click to cancel the move,

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or we could have left clicked to apply the move. Now you'll notice as you hover over

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these, it actually tells us what the shortcut key is.

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It also tells us a bit more details, so Translate, it actually has

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in brackets there "(Move) selected items". Rotate the shortcut

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is R, so that's great! Translate, Rotate,

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and Scale is S. So Scale is S and Rotate is R. That's

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great, but Translate is G, so I think about that as Grabbing

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your object. Grabbing it and moving it about your scene, so that's also

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very powerful. So I can go here and I can hit the G key

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and start moving things about. Now, remember that the keys that you press,

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your cursor has to be over the appropriate window. Now the G key

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might do something different, over another window, so

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make sure your actual cursor is over the window before you start

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pressing it, pressing the G key the R key or any other shortcut

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key. So if we press the R key, we can move it about,

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and the S key, we can scale it up and down.

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Notice it doesn't go to nothingness, it actually flips inside out and comes

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out the other way as well. Now that can cause you problems later on,

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so if you want to scale up, make sure you don't push through yourself

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and end up a negative. If I can draw your eyes to where the 3D Editor

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Bar used to be, we can see that it says Scale X -2.4

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etc., etc. and that is

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what is happening there. So that's going the wrong way, let's go back this way and scale it upwards.

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There you go! So I've scaled it upwards by roughly 3. Now in

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the Operator panel, if you've been paying attention, in the lower-left

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here, you might have caught that the Operator panel was changing,

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depending on what I'd just done. So if I go ahead, I've resized it

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here so it's big... Oh, by the way, if you adjust the size

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of this and make it too small, you end up with another little plus icon,

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within the Tool Shelf itself and that will bring up the Operator

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panel. Once we're in the Operator panel, this is something that

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confuses a lot of people. The moment you do something else, the

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previous operation you've just done, whether it be moving, scaling, rotating,

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or even undoing or selecting another item,

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that will break the Operator panel. So if I go ahead and start

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moving the Camera, for instance... So I'm going to ue the 3D Manipulator

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Widget to move this and left click on...

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Ah look at that, we can actually move things up and down in the Z

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direction, that's very powerful. But the moment I've done that, I've lost the ability

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of the Transform, in this case the Scale that we'd done to the

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cube. There's no going back! That's important! Once you've moved

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on there is no going back to the Operator panel. So let's say

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I had resized that to that amount; we've got an option here and

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look, we've got a way of constraining. So the Vector is the change, so if

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I resized it in the X direction I can change

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that. Ah look at that! We can make different shapes, very very powerful!

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We can also have that constrained while we're scaling.

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If I hit S and Scale and decide that I want to

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constrain it on one of the axis, I can press X,

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and there we go, we're making it longer and shorter in the X axis. I can press Y

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here, make it longer and shorter in the Y axis, and the same with Z. So Z

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is up, in this case, and we can see it's going up and back down again,

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making it thinner. Now, when you're doing movements like this,

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sometimes it moves too much, so let's hit S

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again and go Z, so we're locking it to the Z axis. And

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say that's just moving far too much, what we can do at this point is

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just hold the Shift key down and that enables us to move

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much more slowly and have greater control.

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That Shift key, by the way, works if we go over to let's say the Operator

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panel here. We've got a slider here, we can click on Z and slide it up and

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down, and we can also hold down Shift and slide it up and down

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much slower or we can just type a number in there,

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which is very very powerful. In fact, we can not only type a number in there,

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but I can type 1 + 5 + 7.2

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or something like that in there, and it will add those up for us.

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We can actually type equations into there, which is brilliant! You sometimes have

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to know how to give Blender equations, but if it's just simple multiplation or

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division, you can type it straight into any of these number fields that we can see.

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So we've already mentioned the 3D Manipulator Widget.

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On the Header Bar itself, for the 3D Editor

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Header, you can turn the 3D Widget off and on.

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You can also change what it does. So at the moment it sets to the arrow,

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which means Translate. OK, and then we can

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Rotate and we can Scale and

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we can select either one. And if we've got it on Rotate,

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we can left click on that and rotate it around. Now I

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will use a mixture of the 3D Manipulator

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Widget or I will use the keyboard shortcuts, that's my

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general use. So I'm just going to scale that back down now, so it's a bit smaller.

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And something that we've learned previously, I'm going to hit the Numpad for

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stop and just zoom in on that selected object, so we can

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see what we're working on. Now the final thing, of course, is

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adding some additional objects to our scene. OK, how do we do that?

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Well we're going to look for something called Add, and if we go down to the

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3D Editor Header, we can see there's an Add menu. If we hover over

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it, it gives us a bit more information, and we can see that it's a shortcut Shift and A.

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And Shift and A will bring up this menu but underneath

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your cursor in the 3D Editor. So I'm going to go Shift and A,

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and we've got plenty of things that we can add. At the moment,

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I just want you to focus on Mesh. So let's

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say we want to add a, I don't know, a Cone or a Cylinder,

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we can go ahead and select one. Well where has it appeared? Well

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it looks like it's appeared down there, but because that's now the selected object, I

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can press the Numpad full stop and focuse on it.

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Now, that particular object, that we've just created, has

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appeared where the 3D Cursor was. So if the 3D Cursor had been

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moved at any point, it would appear there. Now if you

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have a look at the Operator panel, we will see that we've got some control

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over that primitive, that basic shape that we've just added to

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our scene. This control only exists for this

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moment in time. If we do anything else or start doing anything

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else in our scene, we would lose the ability to change these

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items down here. So we can see that the number of vertices... Let's just see what that does!

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Let's move it to the left and right. OK, it changes how...

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Oh, at it's smallest point, 3, we've got ourselves a pyramid.

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OK, and then as we increase it the base gets more and more circular.

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OK that's powerful! What else can we do? Oh, we can make it not a complete cone, so it looks

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like we've got a Radius of 1 across the bottom, and a Radius of

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2 at the top. I'm presuming that's made that larger. Yes!

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There we go! How cool is that? A Depth! Well what does the Depth do?

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I encourage you guys to play with this! You know, at this early stage you're not

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going to break anything. Play with it, see what you get from it, and we

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won't go into details about what the rest of this means at this moment

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in time, that's something for another lecture. But you can see that you've got lots

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of control. If we go ahead and straight away add another object,

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let's add a UV Sphere. And we've got options here

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that we can change, but of course, once we've actually done

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that, there is no going back! So if I decide to use the 3D

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Manipulator Widget, on its Moving function, and

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left click on that arrow and move it out of the way, I can't now go back and

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change any of the settings I had had on that particular

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UV Sphere. It's now stuck like that! If I wanted to change the number of

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segments or rings that it has, I would have to create a new object.

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Hey guys! So this is the end of

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section challenge! It's going to be a bit of a bigger challenge than the ones you've

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had so far, but don't worry, it's nice and straightforward.

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I'd like you to add into your scene a cube,

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a cylinder, and a cone.

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Now, place these on top of one another, have fun with this. They don't have to be

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exactly butted up against one another. You can put them

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inside one another, if you'd like. Just play with it, make some funky shapes.

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If you guys want to add something else, other than a cube, a cylinder, or a cone

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by all means make a toy castle out of cubes

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that you've squished together, and the towers and the turrets can

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be made out of cylinders. You can have lots of fun, as if these were little wooden blocks

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that children play with. It's amazing what you can come up with!

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And I'd like you to then create 4 3D Editor

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windows. So using the knowledge that you gained earlier

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on in the course, I'd like you to create the 4 3D Editor windows and

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change them to a certain view type. I'd like a Perspective,

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it doesn't matter where it's looking. I'd like an Orthographic projection.

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I would like a Front view and a Top view.

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Now in tradition, usually the Front and Top views

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would be an Orthographic projection but it doesn't matter. But if you

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want to make them traditional, I suppose, make the Front and top Orthographic

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as well. Remember to take a screenshot

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and share it with us! I love seeing your work, and I'm looking forward

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to seeing what you guys come up with, just by using these basic building

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blocks! So pause the video and give that a go!

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OK, so I'm going to stick rigidly to the challenge that

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I set here. So I'm going to create a new Blender file, so I can get

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rid of everything that's going on there. So I've got a cube,

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a cylinder, and a cone! OK, and I'm going to stack them top of one another!

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So I've got the cube there, so I need to add. So Add!

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It's going to be a Mesh and

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Cylander. OK, so that's inside the other one just there.

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I think I'm going to use the 3D Manipulator Widget and just pull it up.

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OK. Now, I can align my

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view. Of course, I can look at it from the side, in Orthographic

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view. There we go, I can get a better control of how to align things up there. It's not

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going to be perfect but it doesn't have to be at this stage, so don't worry about that.

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OK, so what was the other one? A cone! So let's add.

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I'm going to use those keyboard shortcuts this time, and Mesh

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and Cone. OK brilliant! And that is also is appearing

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on the... Oh, you know what we could do! I'm going to undo the ADD,

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of that cylinder. I'm going to go ahead and click on the...

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Oh, I haven't undone that! Oh, there we go! So I'm going to click on the surface

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of my sphere ,

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...cube

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...and from that... Oh, that's not quite lined up unfortunately!

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Let's look at it from the top. OK that's good! So if I

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click there, that's roughly in the middle. That might be good enough! Let's go ahead and

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Add a Cylinder. Now I'm going to click again

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on the top, roughly in the middle, and add a

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Cone! Oh cool! OK, they're in one another,

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so the origin was the middle of that. That's good,

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I'm getting this. Let's move this up and move this one up,

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and we've got ourselves somewhat, it looks like a tower or a lighthouse.

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In fact, I'm going to do some scaling here. Let's scale this one

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in and then move it back down again. And again, looking at it from the side

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it helps align things up. Remember you can do that.

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I'm liking that! I'm going to make my square base just a little bigger,

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or cube base a little bigger, I'm just going to scale it up. There

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we go! That's all sitting on there really nicely! So I'm going to hide my Tool

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Shelf, so it's nice and neat, and I'm going to split the window in

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two. And then, going to spit each one of these windows

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there, and I'm going to hide the Toolbar so it's

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nice and clean. There we go there! There, there, and

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there! OK, all the header bars, and now we just need to

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change the scene. So one of them needs to be Perspective. Done!

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And then, one of them needs to be the Front, and one of them

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the side or the Top. I can't remember my own challenge! Yes, it's

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the Top! So there we go! We've got ourselves... Oh, I've moved the 3D

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View. We've got ourselves 4 different views of a cone,

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a cylinder, and a cube, stacked on top of one another.

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How did you guys get on? Did you make something from this? Did you make a castle?

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Did you make a lighthouse? Did you make a house out of something like this?

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Make sure you've shared with us, so we can see how you're getting on.

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I love seeing what you guys come up with,

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and I will see you guys in the next lecture!