1

00:00:01,070  -->  00:00:06,570
Not just look at it later which helps in it creating elements these are an exception in the previous

2

00:00:06,570  -->  00:00:10,820
lesson and we'll see how it can be prevented by using any.

3

00:00:12,120  -->  00:00:18,890
And it there is simply an interface and to access an instance of a character Vinita in the IT DID IT

4

00:00:18,890  -->  00:00:25,800
AND method that is declared in the interface which is from the Gelada lying package because the collection

5

00:00:25,800  -->  00:00:32,090
interface extends the digital interface on collection implementations like the deadliest implement.

6

00:00:32,140  -->  00:00:38,310
It did it at a method by extending it above that collection interfaces saying that its elements can

7

00:00:38,310  -->  00:00:46,380
be triggered from each statement or request any object it takes to implement the table interface later

8

00:00:46,380  -->  00:00:47,050
in the demo.

9

00:00:47,130  -->  00:00:50,620
We will actually test this out as we can see here.

10

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You did have an interface that's three minutes later for each and speculator you did it that is abstract

11

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when the other two are different methods which are what I did in July 8.

12

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So the interface provides a different implementation for these last two methods that are meant there

13

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.

14

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As mentioned earlier written an iterator which can be used for it reading the elements of the collection

15

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internally for each statement also invokes this method for dating the collection elements.

16

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Next is for each method and this method can be in-road if we want to perform certain action for each

17

00:01:26,580  -->  00:01:28,410
element of the collection.

18

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And this action would be a method in an object which is passed us input but for each method.

19

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Hence we can see that the parameter name here is action.

20

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So the method that is part of the input object will be invoked for each element of the collection and

21

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the methods input will be the element itself.

22

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So the method would how only a single parameter.

23

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Now you can see that the parameter type for this for each method is consumer which is an interface that

24

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was introduced in July.

25

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It doesn't if it has a single abstract matter will accept.

26

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So we need to pass either an instance of consumer which implements accepte method or we can pass lambda

27

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expressions on method references which are Djala 8 features that we will discuss later.

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So let's not worry about this method for now.

29

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But to briefly look at it in our Demel tournament with the disputed rigor which is also ordered in Java

30

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8 and we're also not going to discuss it for now but it seems to be mainly useful for splitting elements

31

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of collection into partitions so that we can process those partitions using some interrupts.

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So if we have elements which would run into several hundreds of millions then this method can be used

33

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to partition those elements on unprocessed does partitions through some parallel competition.

34

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That way it would be very efficient.

35

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We may look at it later but it is definitely not important for now.

36

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And here is likely to create an interface if you will that it did it in matter of our list Egerton's

37

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an instance of this interface idlest basically has a nested class which implements this interface.

38

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So an instance of that master class will be returned when it did it at a method is invoked.

39

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It can be used to all of the elements of the collection we already know that.

40

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But in addition it also lets you remove an element during their duration which we could not do in the

41

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previous demo.

42

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And the use skills for this could be that you may have to do with a list of elements from the database

43

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.

44

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Now you want to the most some of them which meet certain criteria.

45

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In this case as we address the elements VIGEN be the ones which meet that criteria are needed it has

46

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this format.

47

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It's obviously remore would be used for removing an element forEachRamaining meaning that there is a

48

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default method which is similar to the from each method and it did it all end of his let's actually

49

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head over to eclipse to see how all these methods work.

50

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OK.

51

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Before we implement it today the related code.

52

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Let's take a look at the exception that we got in the previous demo.

53

00:04:06,750  -->  00:04:09,020
So here we are in the list Demopolis.

54

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And here we are iterating through the elements of the order list and when we reach the element which

55

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is the second element we are trying to remove that element and that's when we're getting this exception

56

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called concurrent modification exception.

57

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So let's just go ahead and run this program.

58

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So here we are.

59

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So when we run it when we reach element 9 the element 9 is getting branded.

60

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And then when we tried to remove that element we are getting this exception called concurrent modification

61

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exception.

62

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We'll see how this can be prevented using a good actor.

63

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So let me just comment this ok no one change I made in this method is rerouting the other list in the

64

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earlier the more we were turning a wide.

65

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So now we are reading and we are returning an hour elapsed and then the main matter.

66

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Here we are.

67

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So the the other is a miser getting an alias so be it assigning it to an other list here or list under

68

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invoking that pneumatic call.

69

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It did it demo.

70

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And we are passing this list as an argument.

71

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And here is the new method.

72

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So let's just go ahead and finish this matter.

73

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So the input parameter is list.

74

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So we know that in order to get the data we need to enroll it in it and get there off idlest on the

75

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list.

76

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So let's do that.

77

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So it's just an iterator here and its name it does it later.

78

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Now this one would return an instance of it did it or interface.

79

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And since the list has integers so the Jenrette notation would include integer.

80

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OK now we need to iterate it unfolded it.

81

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We can use either a white or a look but normally do it direct using an iterator wide loop is more cleaner

82

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.

83

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So let's use dot here.

84

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All we need to do is say it greater DOT has Next we need to invoke the has an X method.

85

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So Hasenfus McMurtry.

86

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Either a true or false if it returns true.

87

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It means that there are more elements to be evaluated.

88

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Now if it returns false it means that we are done with it rating through all the elements.

89

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OK so now let's assume that it has returned true.

90

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That's right the body here.

91

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So in order to get the next element we need to just invoke the next method.

92

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And the next method would read and the next element.

93

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But since this is this idlest has integers let's assign it to an integer here it's called it does a

94

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element here.

95

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OK.

96

00:06:43,640  -->  00:06:49,400
So this would automatically unblocks and would assign it to the meadow.

97

00:06:49,910  -->  00:06:53,150
And let's also bring this element here.

98

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Now we know that if element equals nine we need to remove it.

99

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And for that we can use the every moment third on the letter K and it's also printed here.

100

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So let's go under on this.

101

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So as you can see initially there are five elements of 1 9 8 6 and 1.

102

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So after removing the element only four elements are there.

103

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OK.

104

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That is what is getting printed here.

105

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So we no longer get to get that particular exception called concurrent modification exception.

106

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So if you want to remove an element during a duration need to use the editor.

107

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So that's the main benefit of it.

108

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Now we also mentioned that in order to integrate this object list one for example in this because it's

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an analyst has to implement the interface and we know that it implements they did have an interface

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.

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So if it doesn't implement a terrible interface then we would get a compilation error which means that

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we cannot it the elements of the collection.

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No let's say for example for instance we want to iterate through the list M-y itself.

114

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OK so let's create an object here as you can see if we get a compile error it says can only iterate

115

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over an array or an instance off of July Dr. Langhart.

116

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It did.

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But so this particular class this demo is not implementing it did happen.

118

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So let's just go ahead and make it implement.

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It did.

120

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So let's go here.

121

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Here it is.

122

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Let me just uncommon this so it is implementing and it did have it but it was a compilation error because

123

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we need to implement unimplemented methods which is that it did it.

124

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So we need to implement a method here.

125

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So let's do that.

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I'd say public.

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It should have done it better off and deeper

128

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and could be delayed or monitored and it should return an instance of a director because right I would

129

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only do later are in this case since we are just doing a demo on let's just see new idlest let's use

130

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the it did it at off what it asked.

131

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So in this case it would been ambulanced are now you can see that there is no more no more exception

132

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here competition.

133

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There is no computer that are here anymore.

134

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So it is able do here.

135

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So which means that the list is a little bit long.

136

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OK.

137

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So that's what you need to do.

138

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You need to implement the interface if you want your objects to be iterated.

139

00:09:32,430  -->  00:09:36,340
If you are elements to be triggered not like me change it back.

140

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Good list.

141

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So what it means is what it meant internally it invokes the the later method off the object that is

142

00:09:46,070  -->  00:09:52,620
here and then it uses the instance that is returned by the director who did it with the elements.

143

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OK so it is internally going to invoke the method of this particular object.

144

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OK.

145

00:09:59,050  -->  00:10:04,780
Now the reason why this concussion modification exception has generated is because it is actually generated

146

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by the data that is internally written.

147

00:10:08,320  -->  00:10:16,480
So on VH1 and it is a rating it is using the data internally to get the elements but externally here

148

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within this method it is trying to remove some limit and it does not allow us to do that.

149

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So it does not allow us to concurrently modify the underlying idlest.

150

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So that's why it's called a concurrent modification exception.

151

00:10:32,170  -->  00:10:37,160
And if we tried to do that the next method the next method within the iterator.

152

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Through this concurrent modification exception.

153

00:10:40,220  -->  00:10:47,050
For instance you may be able to remove this element but then in the next iteration Venite window for

154

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each statement internally when it tries to use the next method then the underlying iterator built through

155

00:10:55,510  -->  00:11:00,800
that exception the the next method with toady's concurrent modification exception because it does not

156

00:11:00,790  -->  00:11:03,660
allow us to concurrently modify the audio list.

157

00:11:03,830  -->  00:11:10,400
OK so now when it means modification it means structural modification and structural modification would

158

00:11:10,390  -->  00:11:16,180
be either removing an element or adding an element of adding an element.

159

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We would see in the next lesson when rediscuss listed character which is a sub interface of a character

160

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.

161

00:11:21,830  -->  00:11:25,080
So you can also add an element using glister detector.

162

00:11:25,150  -->  00:11:31,850
So if you structurally modify either using art or a moment that's then we get this exception but replacement

163

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is fine.

164

00:11:32,260  -->  00:11:33,640
You can use Set method.

165

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There is in list distributor which you will see again in the next lesson.

166

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So that is fine as long as it is not concurrent modification.

167

00:11:41,950  -->  00:11:47,150
We are good but if it is going to go and modification it is not possible to do it.

168

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We will get this exception.

169

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And if it has to be concurrently I mean if it has to be modified structurally modified then it can be

170

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done only one way which is using it did it at itself.

171

00:11:57,190  -->  00:12:02,690
So you can either use the you can use the remote method offer did it as we have seen and that gives

172

00:12:02,680  -->  00:12:03,460
it just fine.

173

00:12:03,700  -->  00:12:09,700
But if we are trying to modify the structure in any way other than using the methods of a director then

174

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we will get this exception.

175

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OK.

176

00:12:11,950  -->  00:12:17,420
On such an iterator which gives a concrete modification exception is called as a fail fast.

177

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It did it.

178

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It's called Failed fast.

179

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The reason is because it is failing fast it is failing quickly and all that general purpose implementations

180

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like are a list link list and so on.

181

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Do implement do support only fail fast.

182

00:12:31,730  -->  00:12:37,830
It does get so they do throw this exception so that it can get an modification exception and do.

183

00:12:37,880  -->  00:12:43,240
Why did we need to we can modify the structure thought it is using an iterator.

184

00:12:43,250  -->  00:12:44,680
OK so that's the iterator.

185

00:12:44,770  -->  00:12:46,330
That's all you need to know about it.

186

00:12:46,580  -->  00:12:52,600
But we also looked at the for each method in the interface and we also look for each of the meaning

187

00:12:52,690  -->  00:12:52,860
.

188

00:12:52,940  -->  00:12:56,140
Ok so those I don't think we will use it very often.

189

00:12:56,140  -->  00:13:00,350
For each Maybe we will use but I don't think for each of the meaning we will use it very often.

190

00:13:00,400  -->  00:13:02,600
I don't see any uses for that.

191

00:13:02,600  -->  00:13:07,740
So you might argue use it very much so but for the sake of completeness let's also look at those matters

192

00:13:07,750  -->  00:13:08,970
.

193

00:13:09,040  -->  00:13:10,470
So it's already here.

194

00:13:10,820  -->  00:13:16,970
So here we are calling for each method and which is a declared an incredible interface.

195

00:13:16,960  -->  00:13:17,270
OK.

196

00:13:17,330  -->  00:13:20,160
So we would just say our IList object not for each.

197

00:13:20,550  -->  00:13:24,730
And here for each of the input the input parameter is consumer.

198

00:13:24,760  -->  00:13:27,580
But we said that it can be invoked using a matter reference.

199

00:13:27,590  -->  00:13:30,310
So this is metadata for instance this is something new for us.

200

00:13:30,320  -->  00:13:33,580
So here we are just passing a reference to the matter.

201

00:13:33,700  -->  00:13:39,370
So the method is putting a line on this Prindle and motard system dot dot print Dalen will be invoked

202

00:13:39,380  -->  00:13:43,140
for each element off the order list.

203

00:13:43,480  -->  00:13:48,530
And that element will also be passed as input with the print on and printed on method.

204

00:13:48,620  -->  00:13:52,150
OK so let's just go ahead and run it.

205

00:13:53,140  -->  00:13:55,930
Actually let me Coleman this out here it's

206

00:14:00,870  -->  00:14:02,830
not real good.

207

00:14:02,990  -->  00:14:09,040
So as you can see these four elements are printed by them for each for each motard in location 1 8 6

208

00:14:09,040  -->  00:14:09,580
and 1.

209

00:14:09,660  -->  00:14:10,470
OK.

210

00:14:10,490  -->  00:14:13,610
Now let me comment it out.

211

00:14:13,730  -->  00:14:21,040
Now I haven't done a matter call your filter sorry a classical filter here and that filter glass also

212

00:14:21,040  -->  00:14:23,140
has a method called Filter.

213

00:14:23,240  -->  00:14:24,970
So we are here we are.

214

00:14:25,580  -->  00:14:30,010
And it would print an element only if input.

215

00:14:30,270  -->  00:14:32,950
But I mean if the value passed in what parameter is 1.

216

00:14:32,990  -->  00:14:36,190
So it's just earlier we hope the print doesn't matter.

217

00:14:36,190  -->  00:14:41,910
Here we are invoking the free delimiter of our own custom class that we have done.

218

00:14:42,220  -->  00:14:43,250
OK so far.

219

00:14:43,250  -->  00:14:47,790
When we look at the reference we use this Colons double 2 colons here.

220

00:14:47,840  -->  00:14:49,060
So let me just print it.

221

00:14:49,120  -->  00:14:54,740
But in this case it would print only 1 and 1 and that's because the filter method is of the four elements

222

00:14:54,790  -->  00:14:56,290
at this printing only one.

223

00:14:56,360  -->  00:14:56,820
OK.

224

00:14:56,920  -->  00:14:59,340
Because there are 1 8 6 and 1.

225

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So here the filter that we are applying is 1 if we are saying if it is I equals one or need an open

226

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ended.

227

00:15:06,220  -->  00:15:12,310
So that's the one on the third one as we can either posit matter differences or lambda us which are

228

00:15:12,320  -->  00:15:17,630
Djala 8 features are we can also pass an instance of consumer.

229

00:15:17,650  -->  00:15:22,930
Can I read is giving a compilation error because we need to implement the consumer interface.

230

00:15:22,930  -->  00:15:27,730
Ok so we need to implement it because the filter here is not implementing it.

231

00:15:27,740  -->  00:15:30,050
So let me uncommon did.

232

00:15:30,100  -->  00:15:34,540
Now it implements the Kansi you want interface which has only a method called accept.

233

00:15:34,780  -->  00:15:37,590
So we need to do this method gets invoked now.

234

00:15:37,930  -->  00:15:43,350
So it is also doing the same thing printing the elemental if I is equal to 1.

235

00:15:43,390  -->  00:15:46,660
So as you can see there is no more compilation error.

236

00:15:46,660  -->  00:15:48,990
I don't need that element one is getting another.

237

00:15:49,250  -->  00:15:55,240
OK so even in this case when we are invoking the method through using a method reference in dentally

238

00:15:55,450  -->  00:15:56,160
there some magic.

239

00:15:56,170  -->  00:16:01,850
I think it's dynamic by using dynamic proxy or whatever it internally in the byte code.

240

00:16:02,330  -->  00:16:09,420
We will be passing an instance of guns you would get passed on that instance would include the accepte

241

00:16:09,430  -->  00:16:10,180
method.

242

00:16:10,420  -->  00:16:15,260
So the instance will be created everything will be done internally itself inside the bytecode the compiler

243

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will do that.

244

00:16:16,450  -->  00:16:23,170
So so so that they can get off in Bonaly so it will still pass an instance of consumer even though it

245

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is a matter reference.

246

00:16:24,740  -->  00:16:27,290
So that is done internally but let's not worry about it.

247

00:16:27,280  -->  00:16:30,120
Now finally let's look at for each of the many.

248

00:16:30,130  -->  00:16:36,100
So it's a bit confusing this for each motard on for each of the meeting mattered since they have similar

249

00:16:36,560  -->  00:16:40,920
names for each is inside is defined by terrible.

250

00:16:40,930  -->  00:16:45,160
But for each any meaning is defined by the interface.

251

00:16:45,420  -->  00:16:46,850
It's also a Djala 8.

252

00:16:47,120  -->  00:16:51,090
And here we are in working the odd matter in the filter and the augmented.

253

00:16:51,110  -->  00:16:56,510
All it does is it adds this value 7 to the element unfussy each new meaning.

254

00:16:56,530  -->  00:16:58,300
All it does is.

255

00:16:58,540  -->  00:17:01,060
So so far we have two elements.

256

00:17:01,100  -->  00:17:03,850
The first element and the second element was nine here.

257

00:17:03,880  -->  00:17:09,460
So nine is that the matter is activated and once we reach nine we are removing it.

258

00:17:09,660  -->  00:17:12,710
And for all the subsequent elements 8 6 and 1.

259

00:17:12,760  -->  00:17:17,000
So we are saying for each remaining element in will the add method.

260

00:17:16,990  -->  00:17:21,460
So basically the remaining three elements will be activated by this method itself.

261

00:17:21,600  -->  00:17:24,840
And so the wild method will not continue to exit.

262

00:17:25,070  -->  00:17:30,460
OK so all the remaining elements will be directed by using through this single location.

263

00:17:30,490  -->  00:17:36,230
So that's where it says it is Galdos for each remaining again for each here for each method we do for

264

00:17:36,220  -->  00:17:41,970
all of the elements but for each remaining is all it did it through all the uninitiated elements the

265

00:17:42,010  -->  00:17:44,370
items that were not iterated so far.

266

00:17:44,380  -->  00:17:47,080
So let's just go ahead and run this.

267

00:17:47,140  -->  00:17:54,800
So it is for each of the meaning here as printing Rufin because 7 was added to 8 in the Agde method

268

00:17:55,340  -->  00:18:00,360
and 6 7 was added to 6 which resulted in 13 and 7 was added to 1.

269

00:18:00,380  -->  00:18:05,630
So the last three elements for the last three elements this method I'd got I got involved.

270

00:18:05,710  -->  00:18:08,830
So that's for each remaining but I don't think you will use it very much.

271

00:18:08,840  -->  00:18:09,610
So that's about it.

272

00:18:09,620  -->  00:18:10,740
So that's the iterator.

273

00:18:10,760  -->  00:18:15,620
The main advantage as you can direct and at the same time you can also remove the elements and we also

274

00:18:15,620  -->  00:18:20,600
looked at for each unflushed each remaining richer Gela 8 features.

275

00:18:20,600  -->  00:18:26,780
Now one thing I forgot to mention is that the location of that of a moment there must be must be preceded

276

00:18:26,870  -->  00:18:29,260
by the invocation of next method.

277

00:18:29,330  -->  00:18:33,470
OK so only after you invoke the next method will you be able to invoke the right moment.

278

00:18:33,530  -->  00:18:38,770
Otherwise we get a compilation error because that implementor would remove the element that was returned

279

00:18:38,890  -->  00:18:40,220
by the next method.

280

00:18:40,400  -->  00:18:41,020
OK.

281

00:18:41,240  -->  00:18:45,220
So if you can be taught in walking next then we get a compilation error.

282

00:18:45,470  -->  00:18:48,430
So for instance let's put in the statement here.

283

00:18:48,430  -->  00:18:49,940
It did it or not remote.

284

00:18:50,170  -->  00:18:57,250
So this is the second amendment that would throw an exception here that you are giving us an illegal

285

00:18:57,260  -->  00:18:58,230
state exception.

286

00:18:58,240  -->  00:18:58,680
OK.

287

00:18:58,820  -->  00:19:03,760
So the flustering moment there was fine because it was secured by next but the second remote method

288

00:19:03,940  -->  00:19:08,610
is giving us this exception OK because it has to be preceded by next.

289

00:19:08,620  -->  00:19:11,470
So that's that's one thing I wanted to mention.

290

00:19:11,470  -->  00:19:12,440
So that's about it.

291

00:19:12,470  -->  00:19:12,900
Thank you.

292

00:19:12,890  -->  00:19:13,640
And happy coding.

293

00:19:13,640  -->  00:19:17,120
Or you can find the find the code in the resources section.

294

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Thank you