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High students in this tutorial you're going to go ahead and create our first Android application.



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So let's create a new Android studio project so we can start in your Android studio project and for



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the application I'm just typing here.



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App number free.



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OK.



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And the company damend you can specify the company domain here the package name the project location



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and then just click next and here for the minimum STK choose API 16 Android 4.1 jellybean for phone



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and tablets.



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So this could be next.



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And then here too is basic activity next.



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So let me tell you that the differences between basic activity and interactivity is that by using the



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basic activity you get the menu options for free.



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You can see these menu button here at the right hand side the top right hand side here.



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So about using any activity you don't get this option but you can add it later.



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So I'd prefer to choose this one here for now.



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Choose basic activity and then just click on next and then he can specify the activity name last name



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title and the many resource names so you don't have to change anything here just click and finish.



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So let's wait a little bit here.



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So now as you can see our project is created and still the great deal built is running so let's wait.



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OK.



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So now it's actually configuring the product for us.



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And now the project is ready.



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So now let's actually go to this activity under limited access and so as you can see here it is the



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android view.



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And then inside is a race for lower left shoulder here just double click and it's activity underly minute



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example select is a floating action button and then press until the key on your keyboard.



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Now let's go back to content underline minute X amount selectees hello world view and then present it



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here on your keyboard.



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So now I want to design the user interface of this application.



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So first let's actually close this activity underlaid minute example tap here at the top let's double



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click on this content underlayment and examine.



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And now you can see that we have these components resection.



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We have this relatively out right.



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Let me show you here.



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So this is actually a relative lay out here.



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So let's add a linearly out or linearly or vertical to this relatively flat.



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So this pallet section let's search for the layouts for them.



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So this is really as follows.



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And let's select this linearly as vertical here and just drag it here into this relatively outhere and



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just put it here at the center horizontal here and center vertical so you can see these dotted lines



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that are actually showing us that where we can actually put our linearly out.



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So just put it here at the center and now we can see that the layout width and the layout height of



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are linearly out vertical is actually match parents.



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So you can see that the orientation is vertical.



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This is really important.



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So now you know that what why we have these distances here and that's because of the padding attributes



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of the relatively out inside these text top you can see these attributes here these values.



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So let's go back to the design top here at the bottom.



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Now I want to add some text views to this play out here.



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Is linearly I-30 card.



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So now let's actually scroll to the top and this palette section.



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Select this text view and just drag it and put it in so it is linearly out vertical.



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So now we can see that I actually put this takes you hit Enceladus linearly aesthetical Enceladus up



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componentry here.



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So let's select this text view and for that little tweet here you can see that it is much aperient.



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Let's change it to rap content and the idea of height is also the content.



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So it is good content.



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And let's actually specify an ID for the states.



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So the idea is going to BTX the Vaun and the person enter on your keyboard.



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So now all you want to put this takes you in the center horizontal or key in the center horizontal of



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this linearly or 20 cut.



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So in order to actually change the position of this takes you inside linearly with vertical I must change



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their layout.



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Gravity.



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Why.



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Because this takes inside is linearly.



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I swear to God and this means that this takes is actually the child of this linearly out or in other



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words this linearly out is actually the parent of this text view.



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So now I want to actually change the place of this text and put it under a certain horizontals of this



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linearly.



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So let's go to view all properties section here and let's select one of these properties and let's search



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for layout gravities we just type in here lay out gravity.



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And now this is really Earth gravity attribute.



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Just open it.



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Let's check this.



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Check this check box that says Center horizontal.



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And now we can see that this text is actually centered horizontally inside this linearly aesthetical



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this is very important.



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But if you have another attribute and that is called gravity.



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So let's actually find to the gravity attribute.



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So let's see what is that.



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That's scroll down here.



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In order to find it.



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So here it is the gravity attribute.



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And you can see.



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So what is this gravity attribute.



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We have less gravity and we have gravity What's the difference.



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The difference is that if you want to change the place of your user interface component inside a parent



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you have to change the layout gravity attribute.



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But if you want to change the content or the child of your component you have to change the gravity



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attribute to what's this actually let me give you an example.



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So for example I have this text right.



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I have this text view.



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Let's set the layout to actually match parent for this text view.



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So now as you can see the layout with this picture is actually match the parent.



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Now I want to change the gravity attribute so this is the gravity attribute.



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Right.



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So I told you that the gravity is going to specify the location or the position of the contents of your



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component here inside the child.



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So you can see that this is actually it takes a view which is going to be the parent and the text.



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So this takes you is going to be the child.



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Right.



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So now when you change the gravity of your takes view is going to change the position of the child which



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is going to be the text.



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So he can't say Center.



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So let's actually find the center checkbox.



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Let's take the search box that says Center if a tick tick box now it's going to put the text of this



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text at the center.



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The 66 books now.



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And now you can see that the text of this text view is now at the center right.



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And that's because of this gravity attribute.



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So let me actually scroll to the top here and let's change them.



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They have to be much much apparent to the content again.



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So now let's find out gravity Alice unchecked is chapbooks center horizontal here.



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Let's take it.



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And again as you can see it is actually on the left hand side of this linearly I-30 cut right.



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So let's select this linearly as vertical.



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Inside this componentry section is like this linearly I swear to God.



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And now I can actually find the gravity attribute here.



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So this is the gravity attribute and if you want to search for it just select one of these properties



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and just type in here gravity OK and this is the gravity attribute and now OK.



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So this is the let linearly with vertical which is going to be the parent.



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Right.



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That takes you inside this linearly Athletica it is going to be the child.



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So if I actually change the gravity attribute of this linearly I was vertical.



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It is it is going to change the position of the child which is this takes a view.



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So I can actually for example check this checkbox that says Center.



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So now we can see that this takes view is actually on the center of this linearly as vertical or for



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example I can unticketed checkbooks again and I can take the box that is centered horizontal and now



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we can see that this view is actually in the center horizontally Enceladus linearly with Westacott.



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So that's the difference between linearly out excuse me that's the difference between length gravity



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and gravity.



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Lay out gravity is going to specify the location of your user interface components according to the



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parent and the gravity attribute the gravity a is going to specify the location or the position of the



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child inside that parent.



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Right.



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So we're going to actually create some more examples about that.



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So now what ever actually what ever that takes views that I am going to add to this linearly aesthetical



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is going to be under center horizontally.



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Why.



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Because for the linearly Elsworth vertical gravity attribute I said this centered horizontal so it's



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going to set the position of the children of this linearly as vertical and the center horizontal.



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So let's add another text view to this linearly as vertical and release it.



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So as you can see the layout is much apparent.



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Let's change the mass path into the content.



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Now as you can see it is at the center.



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Let's actually change the idea of these takes you to t x the two and then precedented on your keyboard.



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Let's add another takes you to these this linearly vertical so just select takes a view and put it here



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inside this linear they are square circle.



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Now let's set the lay out feet to wrap content.



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Here.



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Let's actually change the ID to what the free takes the free and then person until January.



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So let's also change the text of these text views.



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So let's select selectees first text.



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This takes the.



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And let's find the text attribute which is this one.



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And just typing here takes one text one and the person until January both Let's select selectees takes



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you second takes you and for the text attribute just type in your text to and then present until your



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keyboard selects a first text view here and for the text attribute just typing in here text free and



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then present and help you on your keyboard.



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Let's add another text view to this linearly as reticle so just select the state's view and just drag



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it here into this linearly as vertical.



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And now for the layout read here.



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Let's pass the value A-rab content and now it is actually under center horizontal of this linear swastica



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select is text view.



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And for the ideal it's actually pass the value to 64.



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And that person interregional keyboard.



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And for the text attribute let's set the value text forth and then press enter key on your keyboard.



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Let's add another takes you so inside these widgets for just select the states and put it here inside



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these linearly as vertical and then release it.



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So for the lay out again let's pass the value or content for the ID.



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Let's say that this value is going to be to 65 and then press enter on your keyboard and for the text



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for the text strip you're just open here a text file and then press that international keyboard.



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So now we have these text views right.



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So now let's select all this takes us inside this componentry section just select one of these takes



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us here and you can actually hold down the commentary on your keyboard.



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So if you are using a Windows machine you are unique to actually hold down the control on your keyboard



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and then select all these takes views here and now are these takes views are selected.



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Right.



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So now I can actually change the padding attributes of these text.



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So what is the padding.



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The padding is actually the inner space of our component our user interface components.



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So our views does have an inner space.



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Right.



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So let me show you that space silicates.



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Look at this this view here.



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You can see this Innerspace space on the right on the bottom on the left and on the top.



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This is actually called the padding.



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Let's select or this takes music and so you can actually hold the shift key down on your keyboard and



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select all of them at once.



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And here you can see these padding attributes here inside this property section.



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Just open it.



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So we have this padding we have padding bottom padding and padding left right.



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Startup So we have this padding for all directions left right top button.



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So for the padding for all directions let's pass the value.



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For example 10 and the person entelechy on your keyboard here.



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So now we can see that we have actually passed the value of 10 DP for the padding attribute of all these



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fixed views and you can see that the inner space for all in all directions is actually increased.



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So now you can see our text use here.



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So let's select all these are all of these six again.



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And now I want to talk to you about the margin attributes so what is the margin the margin is actually



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the outer space.



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It is the opposite of padding.



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So when I say Margene I mean the outer space of this actually takes you to this space that is actually



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outside for example outside of this right hand side of the space view outside of the top top of the



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stakes view.



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Outside of this a of the state's view and outside of the bottom of this text view.



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So let's select all this takes views and inside the properties section you can see the lay out margin



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right.



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So for the left margin that's passed the value for example 15.



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Right.



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And then press energy interview on your keyboard so you can see that we have a margin for all directions



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by them and left right start up.



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So when I say lay out Margene is going to actually put them 15 DP at actually 15 DP for all directions.



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And then person until Zhenyu keyboard.



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So now you can see that the out in the outer space is now increased.



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So you can see these outer spaces this distances between these takes.



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Here is now increased.



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So now I think that's enough for the design of this application.



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Let's go to main activity that you have a file here.



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So as you can see again we have this piece of code that is related to the floating action button.



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We actually already deleted this floating action button inside our activity underlayment at XM and so



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we don't need it.



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Now just to just highlight this piece of kit and that person on your keyboard.



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Now you can see these piece of codes these codes actually uncreate options menu Mefford is an option



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item selected.



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I'll talk more about this later.



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So let's actually delete these codes that are related to the menu options menu.



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Just actually delete them and we only have the main activity class and the opening and closing curly



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brace of dismay and anti-vehicle.



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So this is really important and we have this uncreate Meffert here.



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So the opening and closing curly blocks of this uncreate.



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So let's actually go straight into this uncreate method.



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And now you want to actually create objects of type complext view.



235

00:15:44,170 --> 00:15:46,930

So we created these text views here inside our view.



236

00:15:46,930 --> 00:15:48,410

These are the objects right.



237

00:15:48,430 --> 00:15:54,900

So the only thing that we need to do inside our main activity class is to just refer to these objects.



238

00:15:55,390 --> 00:15:58,260

So for example this takes you here this is actually an object right.



239

00:15:58,420 --> 00:16:00,370

So let's go to main activity that of a file.



240

00:16:00,370 --> 00:16:02,290

And inside is uncreate method.



241

00:16:02,290 --> 00:16:05,950

First of all I just need to revert to the name of the text view class.



242

00:16:05,950 --> 00:16:06,490

Right.



243

00:16:06,790 --> 00:16:10,270

So then it now I need to specify the name of this variable.



244

00:16:10,270 --> 00:16:10,610

Right.



245

00:16:10,720 --> 00:16:12,820

Then what is valuable is going to be the one.



246

00:16:12,820 --> 00:16:18,400

So as you can see our DNA that I doubt that I should be used for my variable is the same as the ID.



247

00:16:18,400 --> 00:16:23,520

You don't have to specify this name actually as the same as the ID.



248

00:16:23,560 --> 00:16:26,190

You can actually change it but I prefer to name it like this.



249

00:16:26,200 --> 00:16:31,330

He actually won and then I put an assignment operator here and I just put up her apprentices.



250

00:16:31,900 --> 00:16:35,450

And here I talk more about casting later in the practices.



251

00:16:35,460 --> 00:16:39,660

We must actually cast this object that we are going to create.



252

00:16:39,820 --> 00:16:43,440

Actually if you are going to to be fair we must test this object to a text object.



253

00:16:43,450 --> 00:16:49,260

Otherwise the compiler is going to think that we are referring to a view object instead of takes your



254

00:16:49,260 --> 00:16:54,370

object and after this practice is so in so the practice is you just refer to the name of the textbook



255

00:16:54,370 --> 00:16:59,050

class in order to let the compiler know that we are actually referring to a text object.



256

00:16:59,050 --> 00:17:04,720

And if you are 100 percent sure about that if you actually say that you are referring to our text view



257

00:17:04,720 --> 00:17:09,950

object and you don't actually refer to a text view object your application is going to crash.



258

00:17:09,990 --> 00:17:21,030

OK so and here I can't just say I can find view by ID or dot ID that Id dot what the vote.



259

00:17:21,050 --> 00:17:27,080

So as you can see we have this art class that is actually auto generated for us and this art class is



260

00:17:27,080 --> 00:17:31,080

going to have all these IDs that be specified inside the content.



261

00:17:31,100 --> 00:17:36,500

Underlining that exemplified so never change the contents of this art class.



262

00:17:36,530 --> 00:17:42,260

You don't have to actually even change a simple piece of code inside this class and neighborly you should



263

00:17:42,260 --> 00:17:43,080

do that.



264

00:17:43,100 --> 00:17:46,190

This class is actually an auto generated code.



265

00:17:46,640 --> 00:17:51,090

And it's going to hold the IDs for assets and lots of other actually values.



266

00:17:51,350 --> 00:17:55,840

So if you have this idea from this class that we actually specifying inside the content underly mandates



267

00:17:55,840 --> 00:17:56,110

them.



268

00:17:56,150 --> 00:18:01,760

So if we actually click on this content underlayment that example tap and if I select is text one you



269

00:18:01,760 --> 00:18:04,910

can see that the ID is 361 right.



270

00:18:04,940 --> 00:18:08,040

So let's go back to our Java code an activity class.



271

00:18:08,110 --> 00:18:09,920

So TXI the one.



272

00:18:10,010 --> 00:18:14,750

So now the autocomplete feature actually helped us to choose this one and then person and then put a



273

00:18:14,750 --> 00:18:16,590

semicolon at the end of your statement.



274

00:18:16,610 --> 00:18:23,270

So what we have done here first we actually cast this object to a text object in order to let the compiler



275

00:18:23,270 --> 00:18:26,600

know that you are actually referring to a text view object.



276

00:18:26,780 --> 00:18:33,200

And I said OK I want to really first with that object and say the view right find view by ID or are



277

00:18:33,200 --> 00:18:34,260

you that he is the one.



278

00:18:34,310 --> 00:18:40,070

So that's why I've specified IDs inside this content underlining that exemption.



279

00:18:40,280 --> 00:18:45,680

Otherwise we would not be able to actually interact with this object from the job because this is really



280

00:18:45,680 --> 00:18:46,480

important.



281

00:18:46,730 --> 00:18:48,340

Let's go back to our main activity class.



282

00:18:48,410 --> 00:18:52,130

So our That did a 360 once in its we actually finding into that object.



283

00:18:52,130 --> 00:18:55,940

And here we are saying that we are actually fitting to a text view object.



284

00:18:55,940 --> 00:19:02,300

So now that we have this piece of object at the right hand side of the assignment operator here we are



285

00:19:02,360 --> 00:19:03,700

assigning that object to this.



286

00:19:03,710 --> 00:19:06,540

He asks the one valuable because of they takes you.



287

00:19:06,560 --> 00:19:14,990

So this one is just a valuable placeholder for holding this object on the right hand side of the assignment



288

00:19:14,990 --> 00:19:15,550

operator.



289

00:19:15,560 --> 00:19:23,510

Here let's create and other valuable tactics used to take a few takes the two assignment operator and



290

00:19:23,510 --> 00:19:29,690

I put a pair of practice's takes view again we need to cast this object to a text view object find view



291

00:19:29,690 --> 00:19:36,010

by id artist Id that itx the two semicolon.



292

00:19:36,020 --> 00:19:38,570

So we have six takes views I think right.



293

00:19:38,760 --> 00:19:39,490

Not five.



294

00:19:39,740 --> 00:19:41,170

So let's actually create them here.



295

00:19:41,270 --> 00:19:48,470

So again takes you to the free assignment operator and I put a pair of prentices.



296

00:19:48,560 --> 00:19:56,570

Again I need to cast this object or two I'll take your object find your ID are taught ID thought TXI



297

00:19:56,570 --> 00:19:59,420

the free semicolon.



298

00:19:59,450 --> 00:20:04,700

Let's create another variable of latex VTX the for assignment operator.



299

00:20:04,700 --> 00:20:14,400

Let's test this object to a text view object find view by id r that ID that DX the fourth semicolon.



300

00:20:14,780 --> 00:20:16,510

So as you can see I put a space here.



301

00:20:16,520 --> 00:20:21,050

It doesn't really matter if you put a space between this cast here and this value.



302

00:20:21,200 --> 00:20:23,790

You can actually just put it in this way.



303

00:20:24,180 --> 00:20:30,520

And finally even if you actually create 65 assignment operator again you need to cast this object to



304

00:20:30,530 --> 00:20:39,720

a text view object find view by ID or that Id DOT takes the word ph the five semicolon.



305

00:20:39,800 --> 00:20:44,840

So now that we have these variables that are actually referring to are three objects inside the content



306

00:20:44,870 --> 00:20:51,340

under limited example we can actually a mini late are takes viewers here from our job codes.



307

00:20:51,350 --> 00:20:53,290

So let's see how we can do that.



308

00:20:53,300 --> 00:20:56,500

So here let's create a variable of type stream.



309

00:20:56,660 --> 00:20:59,770

So first we must specify that data type or verbally.



310

00:21:00,010 --> 00:21:06,780

And now I need to specify the name of my body so I can say that the name is actually my street value.



311

00:21:06,800 --> 00:21:13,700

This is the name of the value the value of a lecture the assignment operator and at the right hand side



312

00:21:13,730 --> 00:21:19,410

of this assignment operator I can put actually two coats and in circles I can see Android.



313

00:21:19,700 --> 00:21:28,650

Programming is fun and then put put an exclamation mark at the end semicolon.



314

00:21:28,880 --> 00:21:32,220

And here I can actually say he likes the board.



315

00:21:32,240 --> 00:21:33,460

So I am going to refer to this.



316

00:21:33,470 --> 00:21:39,050

He asks the one variable that holds that that is actually holds up that holds this takes two objects



317

00:21:39,050 --> 00:21:39,620

right.



318

00:21:39,620 --> 00:21:44,030

Takes the one that set next.



319

00:21:44,130 --> 00:21:50,930

I am calling this method set takes and this takes the one object and I can pass a value as an argument



320

00:21:50,960 --> 00:21:57,620

to this set text method so that this can actually show that it is going to put that value on the text



321

00:21:57,640 --> 00:22:00,530

view one on the text the one on the screen.



322

00:22:00,830 --> 00:22:02,900

So tasty want that said text.



323

00:22:02,900 --> 00:22:06,890

And here you can see my stream value.



324

00:22:07,010 --> 00:22:11,920

So am I actually passed this value but that halts this thing value to this method.



325

00:22:12,020 --> 00:22:18,350

So remember this if it needs a value of 3 and we must pass a value of type String actually.



326

00:22:18,380 --> 00:22:20,100

Let's run an application now.



327

00:22:20,140 --> 00:22:21,840

And let me show you.



328

00:22:22,040 --> 00:22:27,770

So just select one of these devices and then just click on OK let me show you the emulator.



329

00:22:27,770 --> 00:22:33,820

So now you can see that our application is actually running on this emulator and you can see disvalue



330

00:22:33,860 --> 00:22:35,600

and programming is one.



331

00:22:35,630 --> 00:22:38,830

So this value is actually in place of the next one.



332

00:22:38,870 --> 00:22:39,560

Right.



333

00:22:39,560 --> 00:22:43,910

So if we actually go to this content under the limited exempli you can see that the first text is takes



334

00:22:43,910 --> 00:22:44,340

one.



335

00:22:44,420 --> 00:22:46,970

So you can see this value here and reprograming is one.



336

00:22:46,970 --> 00:22:54,530

So by just referring to the ID of this takes one here 261 I could actually manipulate the text of this



337

00:22:54,920 --> 00:22:58,540

takes one here so text the one that said text.



338

00:22:58,580 --> 00:23:01,650

And we just need to pass a string value to this method in this way.



339

00:23:01,790 --> 00:23:05,750

We are changing the text of the text what the programming is fun.



340

00:23:05,790 --> 00:23:08,960

So now let's actually add some more quotes here.



341

00:23:08,960 --> 00:23:10,040

It's really fun.



342

00:23:10,040 --> 00:23:20,250

So this time I am going to the first to this t XTi two so I can say 1:54 that sit text at inside Apprentice's.



343

00:23:20,420 --> 00:23:23,210

I want to use one of the string methods.



344

00:23:23,280 --> 00:23:25,360

One of this thing class action team efforts.



345

00:23:25,370 --> 00:23:29,730

So these are not going to be Street class misfits this is going to be actually instance methods of this



346

00:23:29,730 --> 00:23:30,670

thing class.



347

00:23:31,010 --> 00:23:35,820

So here I am going to refer to this string variable or a string instance.



348

00:23:35,840 --> 00:23:37,800

So remember this is actually the string literal.



349

00:23:37,850 --> 00:23:38,400

Right.



350

00:23:38,600 --> 00:23:43,280

So if you are assigning this string literal to this variable so this is called and is and is a string



351

00:23:43,490 --> 00:23:44,940

instance actually.



352

00:23:44,960 --> 00:23:49,310

So here I can say is the prentices I can say my string value.



353

00:23:49,430 --> 00:23:54,040

So now you want to call Osteen's Meffert on this instance.



354

00:23:54,350 --> 00:24:00,980

So now as you can see we have lots of methods that we can call on this streambed object and this string



355

00:24:01,070 --> 00:24:08,050

instance for example Chad could point at or lots of other methods for example this one index of index.



356

00:24:08,060 --> 00:24:14,270

So we're going to use some of them here or the last index of as you can see here and you can see that



357

00:24:14,270 --> 00:24:20,910

the data type of the parameter that this method has for example last index of my faith and the length



358

00:24:21,050 --> 00:24:25,910

of it it is going to actually give you the number of characters inside that string.



359

00:24:25,910 --> 00:24:31,870

So let's actually choose this one Chad at and then select it and that person and entered on your keyboard.



360

00:24:31,970 --> 00:24:36,030

This method is going to return a value of type chat.



361

00:24:36,080 --> 00:24:43,210

So now I can actually I need to pass a value of that integer to this method as you can see if it actually



362

00:24:43,220 --> 00:24:44,680

hover in here.



363

00:24:44,690 --> 00:24:50,720

Inside this prentices it is Sharratt it instantly cannot be applied so we must pass a value of that



364

00:24:50,750 --> 00:24:51,880

integer here.



365

00:24:51,920 --> 00:24:54,660

So I want to the character add index.



366

00:24:54,710 --> 00:24:56,430

For example 0.



367

00:24:56,750 --> 00:24:57,050

Right.



368

00:24:57,140 --> 00:25:01,090

So remember in programming we always count from number zero.



369

00:25:01,190 --> 00:25:01,600

Right.



370

00:25:01,760 --> 00:25:02,870

So what does that mean.



371

00:25:02,870 --> 00:25:04,900

So look at this string leader right here.



372

00:25:05,120 --> 00:25:06,350

Android programming right.



373

00:25:06,350 --> 00:25:13,850

So if you want to count the number of characters that we have inside these codes I must start from number



374

00:25:13,850 --> 00:25:16,310

zero so the 8 is going to be zero.



375

00:25:16,700 --> 00:25:22,430

The end is going to be number one and the D is going to be number actually 2.



376

00:25:22,460 --> 00:25:29,720

So this means that it is inside the index 0 and is inside an index number one the is inside the index



377

00:25:29,720 --> 00:25:31,280

number 2 and so on.



378

00:25:31,760 --> 00:25:39,350

So when I say a maestro valued the chad at zero This means that give me the character at index 0 of



379

00:25:39,350 --> 00:25:43,310

this stunningly the rule as you can see I am actually referring to this variable that holds the string



380

00:25:43,310 --> 00:25:43,910

literal.



381

00:25:43,940 --> 00:25:49,010

So I am calling this may 5th and this string literal right when I referred to my body but am actually



382

00:25:49,450 --> 00:25:51,470

I want to access my value.



383

00:25:51,470 --> 00:25:52,690

The value of this value.



384

00:25:52,880 --> 00:25:56,310

So this means that I am actually getting to that value.



385

00:25:56,360 --> 00:26:00,120

So Chad at 0 is going to actually give us the character.



386

00:26:00,380 --> 00:26:04,580

So let's run our application now and let's see what happens.



387

00:26:04,790 --> 00:26:08,770

Let me show you the emulator.



388

00:26:08,900 --> 00:26:10,990

So as you can see our application crashed.



389

00:26:11,060 --> 00:26:12,110

Why.



390

00:26:12,140 --> 00:26:13,180

I'll tell you why.



391

00:26:13,340 --> 00:26:17,820

Because this method Septic's needs a value of type string.



392

00:26:18,080 --> 00:26:25,190

And this method Chad at here is going to return a value that is of type chat or a character.



393

00:26:25,220 --> 00:26:30,500

So we must convert this returned value to an R to see value.



394

00:26:30,500 --> 00:26:38,090

So after this value here I just need to put a plus operator and then I can just put two codes in in



395

00:26:38,120 --> 00:26:42,350

order to actually convert this return value to a string value.



396

00:26:42,350 --> 00:26:44,730

So plus operator and then Cotes.



397

00:26:44,750 --> 00:26:47,740

So let's run our application again.



398

00:26:47,840 --> 00:26:51,730

Let me show you the emulator.



399

00:26:51,830 --> 00:26:55,800

So now we can see this a here right.



400

00:26:56,090 --> 00:27:01,940

So the AA is actually inside the index 0 of this string right here.



401

00:27:01,940 --> 00:27:03,510

So you can see the value here.



402

00:27:03,920 --> 00:27:06,670

Let's go back to actually two and three studio.



403

00:27:07,230 --> 00:27:13,530

And now I want to actually call another method of this think class actually so now I can just refer



404

00:27:13,530 --> 00:27:20,010

to the name of this at XTi free this time takes the free variable that holds the free object so takes



405

00:27:20,010 --> 00:27:23,750

the free Dot said text.



406

00:27:24,600 --> 00:27:31,080

And now again I am going to refer to the name of this Mycenean Value-Added bell and this time I will



407

00:27:31,500 --> 00:27:34,540

actually use this method substring.



408

00:27:34,590 --> 00:27:37,800

So as you can see we have three different versions of substring method.



409

00:27:37,950 --> 00:27:42,750

The first one only accept one argument which is going to specify the beginning index.



410

00:27:42,750 --> 00:27:45,420

So let's actually first choose this one.



411

00:27:45,420 --> 00:27:47,470

The second one is going to accept two arguments.



412

00:27:47,490 --> 00:27:50,200

Let's first select this one substring.



413

00:27:50,540 --> 00:27:55,430

And now you may ask that OK what's the difference between parameter or argument.



414

00:27:55,540 --> 00:27:59,650

So the parameter is going to be when we actually create that method.



415

00:27:59,790 --> 00:28:03,130

We say that we are actually specifying a parameter for that method.



416

00:28:03,130 --> 00:28:08,250

Right but the argument is going to be the actual value of that up prime.



417

00:28:08,250 --> 00:28:10,450

The other method actually may be called that Meffert.



418

00:28:10,680 --> 00:28:16,410

So are these parameters or arguments are actually used interchangeably so don't worry about that.



419

00:28:16,530 --> 00:28:18,360

It's the value that we passed to effect.



420

00:28:18,410 --> 00:28:18,910

OK.



421

00:28:19,110 --> 00:28:20,800

Just let's make it simple.



422

00:28:20,850 --> 00:28:23,480

So my string value that substring.



423

00:28:23,520 --> 00:28:28,420

And I just need to pass only one value which is going to have actually of that integer.



424

00:28:28,590 --> 00:28:35,520

I need to pass a value of integer at this substring if it is going to return what value of string.



425

00:28:35,910 --> 00:28:39,390

So how do I know that this method I try to return a value of string.



426

00:28:39,400 --> 00:28:41,480

So let me delete this method again.



427

00:28:41,550 --> 00:28:42,490

Let me call it again.



428

00:28:42,580 --> 00:28:44,350

That substring.



429

00:28:44,430 --> 00:28:49,540

So as you can see look at this move it's a substring accepts a value of type Integer.



430

00:28:49,680 --> 00:28:50,900

And as you can see it's prime.



431

00:28:50,900 --> 00:28:52,610

Your name is begin index right.



432

00:28:52,980 --> 00:28:54,310

And it says string.



433

00:28:54,330 --> 00:29:00,840

So this string here means the return type of the Smurfette This means that this method is going to return



434

00:29:00,870 --> 00:29:02,500

a value of 3.



435

00:29:02,550 --> 00:29:04,050

So let's use this method.



436

00:29:04,340 --> 00:29:07,890

And now over to pass the for example index number 2.



437

00:29:08,190 --> 00:29:08,670

Right.



438

00:29:08,880 --> 00:29:09,830

Let's see what happens.



439

00:29:09,840 --> 00:29:12,250

Let's run the application and let's see what happens.



440

00:29:12,240 --> 00:29:13,610

Just click on run.



441

00:29:13,740 --> 00:29:15,530

Let me show you the emulator.



442

00:29:15,600 --> 00:29:19,800

So now as you can see our application is actually running on the simulator.



443

00:29:19,800 --> 00:29:22,480

I look at this video it says DROITE.



444

00:29:22,530 --> 00:29:23,840

So what's this.



445

00:29:23,910 --> 00:29:25,300

So I said OK.



446

00:29:25,600 --> 00:29:29,530

Number two is going to be the beginning index and I called Ismir for it.



447

00:29:29,550 --> 00:29:30,930

So look at this value.



448

00:29:30,960 --> 00:29:32,340

Look at this single row.



449

00:29:32,580 --> 00:29:35,260

So let's look at the index number two.



450

00:29:35,280 --> 00:29:43,920

So it is index number one in is actually the index number is index number 0 right in index number 1



451

00:29:44,430 --> 00:29:49,980

and D is index number 2 and the past index number two to the Smurfette right.



452

00:29:50,040 --> 00:29:58,150

So you can see that the A and the end is actually eliminated and did from this starting point from this



453

00:29:58,170 --> 00:30:04,310

begin index the to the end is actually on the screen is actually outputted on the screen.



454

00:30:04,480 --> 00:30:06,590

Droite programming is what is fun.



455

00:30:07,400 --> 00:30:08,280

So that's it.



456

00:30:08,360 --> 00:30:09,650

That's what this Meffert does.



457

00:30:09,650 --> 00:30:11,140

That's the job of the Smurfit.



458

00:30:11,300 --> 00:30:12,320

OK.



459

00:30:12,320 --> 00:30:17,990

So let's actually use that method that substring method that actually accepts two arguments.



460

00:30:17,990 --> 00:30:26,120

So here are generally first of these three XTi for optical itx the four that said text and I can refer



461

00:30:26,120 --> 00:30:32,810

to the name of this variable missing value that substrings So I want to choose this method that actually



462

00:30:32,810 --> 00:30:34,420

exits two arguments.



463

00:30:34,550 --> 00:30:37,420

So you can see these variations between these two men.



464

00:30:37,420 --> 00:30:41,820

It's sort the first one exits only one argument and the second one accepts arguments.



465

00:30:41,840 --> 00:30:46,640

So look at this here we can specify the beginning index and the end index.



466

00:30:46,640 --> 00:30:47,830

So what does that mean.



467

00:30:47,960 --> 00:30:50,150

For example let's pass the value.



468

00:30:50,150 --> 00:30:53,050

For example 5 comma.



469

00:30:53,270 --> 00:30:57,470

And now I need to specify the end index so the end index is going to be for example.



470

00:30:57,470 --> 00:30:57,940

OK.



471

00:30:58,050 --> 00:30:58,970

Nice.



472

00:30:59,540 --> 00:31:03,040

Let's run that application now and let's see what happens.



473

00:31:03,080 --> 00:31:06,490

Let me show you the emulator and now look at this video.



474

00:31:06,500 --> 00:31:09,200

It says all the space.



475

00:31:09,320 --> 00:31:12,520

So let's find the index 5 inside the string leader.



476

00:31:12,520 --> 00:31:15,580

So 0 is 8 and is 1.



477

00:31:15,570 --> 00:31:19,030

These two are is actually free.



478

00:31:19,220 --> 00:31:19,890

Right.



479

00:31:20,060 --> 00:31:23,340

Or is four and why is.



480

00:31:23,420 --> 00:31:25,420

So this is this starting index.



481

00:31:25,520 --> 00:31:26,770

So you can see this right here.



482

00:31:26,780 --> 00:31:27,840

Right.



483

00:31:27,960 --> 00:31:30,590

And d d we have D here.



484

00:31:30,590 --> 00:31:34,160

So we have also this d here let me show you the emulator.



485

00:31:35,590 --> 00:31:36,890

So we have this D.



486

00:31:37,390 --> 00:31:40,180

And we have this space here.



487

00:31:40,360 --> 00:31:44,020

And look at this one as you can see it at the end index is 9.



488

00:31:44,080 --> 00:31:47,720

So the R is index 5 D is index 6.



489

00:31:47,770 --> 00:31:50,220

This page is also a character right.



490

00:31:50,290 --> 00:31:56,820

So it is going to be index number actually 7.



491

00:31:56,960 --> 00:32:04,670

The DP is going to be index number 8 and here there are is going to be index number nine.



492

00:32:04,900 --> 00:32:05,440

Right.



493

00:32:05,440 --> 00:32:07,780

So we only have actually the peak.



494

00:32:08,260 --> 00:32:18,000

So we have what we have of 5 6 7 8 and or is not actually output to the screen.



495

00:32:18,160 --> 00:32:24,850

Let me show the emulator or is not outputted to the screen so the ending index is not going to be actually



496

00:32:24,850 --> 00:32:27,670

out with at the end an index is going to be eliminated.



497

00:32:27,910 --> 00:32:34,510

Only this thought the index actually through the ending the ending index but not including the ending



498

00:32:34,510 --> 00:32:35,440

index.



499

00:32:35,440 --> 00:32:41,200

So only the starting index and the characters between this strange starting index and the ending index



500

00:32:41,260 --> 00:32:45,190

is going to be out with it but not including the ending index such as are.



501

00:32:45,340 --> 00:32:51,350

So if you actually look at this singly there are the character that is actually in the index on actually



502

00:32:51,370 --> 00:32:52,860

index number 5 is.



503

00:32:53,020 --> 00:32:54,410

So let me show you the emulator.



504

00:32:54,520 --> 00:32:55,540

So it is printed.



505

00:32:55,540 --> 00:32:57,330

Are you actually out with it to the console.



506

00:32:57,550 --> 00:33:04,980

So why is five D6 space is servant and P is 8 right.



507

00:33:05,150 --> 00:33:07,010

Or is night or is nine.



508

00:33:07,010 --> 00:33:10,230

Right but are is not output to the screen.



509

00:33:10,450 --> 00:33:18,320

So this means that R is actually eliminated and only a d p ideaspace p.



510

00:33:18,430 --> 00:33:19,840

So you can see this value here.



511

00:33:19,990 --> 00:33:23,980

So the value that is inside of the index nine is not out with it.



512

00:33:23,980 --> 00:33:30,940

It is going to be actually ignored on the distraint five six seven eight not including the index the



513

00:33:30,940 --> 00:33:32,450

ending index.



514

00:33:32,530 --> 00:33:34,700

So hopefully that makes sense.



515

00:33:34,720 --> 00:33:41,060

Now let's actually use another method takes the file this time data set text.



516

00:33:41,530 --> 00:33:49,120

So now inside Apprentice's I am going to refer to the name of this variable my string value that index



517

00:33:49,120 --> 00:33:52,840

of just they've been here indexed up and you can see different versions of this method.



518

00:33:53,110 --> 00:33:54,600

So look at this method.



519

00:33:54,600 --> 00:33:58,410

I want to actually use this method that accepts a value of types think.



520

00:33:58,440 --> 00:33:59,000

Right.



521

00:33:59,170 --> 00:34:02,420

And if it returns a value of an integer.



522

00:34:02,650 --> 00:34:07,690

So this means that we must actually convert this value that we get from the Smif with which is that



523

00:34:07,720 --> 00:34:11,710

integer 2 us think values so that we can output this value to the screen.



524

00:34:11,740 --> 00:34:14,320

Otherwise our application is going to crash.



525

00:34:14,320 --> 00:34:14,710

Why.



526

00:34:14,710 --> 00:34:18,230

Because this it again is going to return a value of that integer.



527

00:34:18,400 --> 00:34:22,480

Let's use it and then press on it on your keyboard and inside the prentices.



528

00:34:22,480 --> 00:34:29,650

Now I need to put just two coats here and I want to get the index of a specific character that we have



529

00:34:29,650 --> 00:34:31,270

inside this stunning leader.



530

00:34:31,510 --> 00:34:34,030

So I want to get the index of this exclamation mark.



531

00:34:34,030 --> 00:34:38,060

So inside the codes I just put this X and an exclamation mark here.



532

00:34:38,170 --> 00:34:44,710

And finally I need to actually convert this integer value that we get from this method to a string value.



533

00:34:44,710 --> 00:34:47,580

So just put a plus operator and then two coats.



534

00:34:47,620 --> 00:34:51,400

Let's run our application now and let's see what happens.



535

00:34:51,400 --> 00:34:52,930

Let me show you the emulator.



536

00:34:53,410 --> 00:34:56,170

And now you can see that it says 26.



537

00:34:56,260 --> 00:34:57,040

These are.



538

00:34:57,100 --> 00:35:01,240

Here is actually in the index 26 inside this string literal.



539

00:35:01,300 --> 00:35:02,110

So let's count.



540

00:35:02,110 --> 00:35:04,170

Let's see if it is correct or not.



541

00:35:04,180 --> 00:35:13,560

So DA is in the index 0 in is 1 2 3 4 5 6.



542

00:35:13,600 --> 00:35:15,990

We have a space here 7.



543

00:35:16,180 --> 00:35:28,710

This is actually 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18.



544

00:35:28,720 --> 00:35:33,100

We have a space here 19 20 21.



545

00:35:33,100 --> 00:35:40,770

Again we have another space 22 23 24 25 and 26 correct.



546

00:35:40,780 --> 00:35:42,730

It is actually an index 26.



547

00:35:42,730 --> 00:35:48,550

So by using this method you can actually get a specific index of a specific character inside your string



548

00:35:48,550 --> 00:35:49,420

literal.



549

00:35:49,690 --> 00:35:50,200

Right.



550

00:35:51,520 --> 00:35:56,050

We can also pass over word instead of character to this method.



551

00:35:56,050 --> 00:36:02,160

So for example I can't say what is right or I can't say programming programming.



552

00:36:02,740 --> 00:36:06,820

So it's going I should look at this for and it's gonna go inside this string.



553

00:36:07,030 --> 00:36:09,940

And it's going to find disport in say this is stunningly the.



554

00:36:10,300 --> 00:36:15,320

And it's going to give me the index of the first character of this word.



555

00:36:15,370 --> 00:36:16,840

Inside is Stingley.



556

00:36:16,960 --> 00:36:22,740

So this is inside is in the index 8 index number 8 of this string.



557

00:36:22,840 --> 00:36:24,400

So it's going to return number eight.



558

00:36:24,400 --> 00:36:26,660

So let's run an application now.



559

00:36:26,800 --> 00:36:29,520

Let me show you the emulator.



560

00:36:29,560 --> 00:36:34,900

So now as you can see you can see this value here number eight.



561

00:36:35,120 --> 00:36:37,360

So it is actually the index number eight.



562

00:36:37,520 --> 00:36:38,820

Right.



563

00:36:38,840 --> 00:36:42,370

So this is how this index of a method works.



564

00:36:42,440 --> 00:36:45,390

And let's actually comment out on this.



565

00:36:45,530 --> 00:36:51,110

This piece of quote here because I want to actually teach you some more important concepts here.



566

00:36:51,440 --> 00:36:56,130

So let me just come at it as wide as he can so I actually used the multiline comment here.



567

00:36:56,350 --> 00:37:03,320

Slash's thought and I started with this slash start and then I actually ended ended it with the start



568

00:37:03,320 --> 00:37:04,170

slash.



569

00:37:04,610 --> 00:37:08,280

And finally I have stood inside this uncreate Meffert.



570

00:37:08,330 --> 00:37:09,670

Right.



571

00:37:09,680 --> 00:37:13,410

So now I am going to talk about the concept of casting.



572

00:37:13,490 --> 00:37:21,500

So what is casting the means temporarily converting a type to another type if it is possible.



573

00:37:21,770 --> 00:37:22,260

Right.



574

00:37:22,430 --> 00:37:25,650

So look at this piece of cloth you look at these examples.



575

00:37:25,670 --> 00:37:32,380

Here we are actually saying that OK we are going to find the view by the ID that we passed to dismember



576

00:37:32,380 --> 00:37:32,500

it.



577

00:37:32,510 --> 00:37:32,810

Right.



578

00:37:32,810 --> 00:37:34,190

For example 61.



579

00:37:34,520 --> 00:37:36,270

So it's going actually go inside its content.



580

00:37:36,280 --> 00:37:41,690

Underly minute exam is going to look at the flight and it's going to find the oddity 61.



581

00:37:41,930 --> 00:37:48,740

And here I am saying that I am a hundred and fifty percent sure that this text view is going to be of



582

00:37:48,740 --> 00:37:51,550

type of text view object view.



583

00:37:51,860 --> 00:37:56,200

As you can see it's this find view why I did not find the text by ID right.



584

00:37:56,550 --> 00:38:02,300

And here I am saying that I am a hundred and fifty percent sure that the view that you are looking for



585

00:38:02,360 --> 00:38:04,860

is actually of type text view.



586

00:38:04,970 --> 00:38:06,980

That's what testing means.



587

00:38:06,980 --> 00:38:12,020

I am actually temporarily saying to the compiler that it is going to be off the text view and there



588

00:38:12,020 --> 00:38:13,980

is no doubt about that.



589

00:38:14,000 --> 00:38:18,290

So now I want to actually give you some more real real world examples about casting.



590

00:38:18,290 --> 00:38:24,050

So let me create just a one line comment and just typing here casting.



591

00:38:24,920 --> 00:38:25,500

Right.



592

00:38:25,880 --> 00:38:29,420

And here I can just type in here for example.



593

00:38:29,420 --> 00:38:32,520

I can't just say a byte.



594

00:38:32,600 --> 00:38:35,150

So this is you know but what is this by right.



595

00:38:35,170 --> 00:38:41,720

It is actually an integer value and it's going to only hold an integer value or only between the minus



596

00:38:41,960 --> 00:38:46,990

actually negative 428 and positive 127.



597

00:38:47,210 --> 00:38:53,140

So it is going to only actually hold a very small integer value.



598

00:38:53,450 --> 00:38:55,280

So this is the byte type.



599

00:38:55,280 --> 00:38:56,390

And I can give it our name.



600

00:38:56,390 --> 00:39:01,460

So for example I can say small in value small and value.



601

00:39:01,460 --> 00:39:07,460

This is my very which is of the byte and I can assign a value to this valuable.



602

00:39:07,460 --> 00:39:11,240

So here I can for example say number 25.



603

00:39:11,240 --> 00:39:11,710

Right.



604

00:39:11,870 --> 00:39:23,450

So remember I can only assign a number between displaying to minus 2 and 201 128 and one hundred and



605

00:39:23,450 --> 00:39:24,080

twenty seven.



606

00:39:24,080 --> 00:39:25,480

So dot dot dot.



607

00:39:25,490 --> 00:39:29,240

So this range 127 positive right.



608

00:39:29,240 --> 00:39:36,330

So here at this point it's ready but only holds a value bet into in this range.



609

00:39:36,410 --> 00:39:38,990

So now I want to create a variable of type integer.



610

00:39:38,990 --> 00:39:39,640

Right.



611

00:39:39,710 --> 00:39:43,060

So here the name of my variable is going to be in value.



612

00:39:43,670 --> 00:39:47,740

So you know that means that data can hold a lot more larger value.



613

00:39:47,750 --> 00:39:48,900

Right.



614

00:39:49,010 --> 00:39:58,910

And here I can actually cast these bytes to an integer value how I can put a pair of practices and I



615

00:39:58,910 --> 00:40:06,670

can put integer here and I can refer to the name of this small value small in each value semicolon.



616

00:40:06,710 --> 00:40:11,190

So what happens if I don't poods this casting here.



617

00:40:11,560 --> 00:40:12,460

Nothing.



618

00:40:12,650 --> 00:40:13,160

Why.



619

00:40:13,250 --> 00:40:21,980

Because by still is an integer value but byte can only actually hold a very small range of values right.



620

00:40:22,160 --> 00:40:24,970

But integer can can hold a larger.



621

00:40:25,130 --> 00:40:26,580

Actually the range of values.



622

00:40:26,720 --> 00:40:32,280

So I can actually cast Templer really this small value to an integer value.



623

00:40:32,390 --> 00:40:35,830

So I just put a pair of practices and I just refer to the name of this.



624

00:40:35,970 --> 00:40:38,090

But it's very valuable right.



625

00:40:38,240 --> 00:40:44,480

So in this way the compiler thinks that this small interval is actually an integer value not an not



626

00:40:44,480 --> 00:40:49,940

a byte value but an integer value and it's going to assign that value to the value value of it.



627

00:40:50,060 --> 00:40:51,630

So that's what testing means.



628

00:40:51,630 --> 00:40:54,460

Actually let me give you some examples here.



629

00:40:54,590 --> 00:41:01,400

So I'm going to create a variable of type float so I can say float and the name of my variable here



630

00:41:01,400 --> 00:41:05,430

is going to be float value float value right.



631

00:41:05,480 --> 00:41:12,370

Assignment operator and here I can assign the value for example Number seven point eight.



632

00:41:12,390 --> 00:41:14,470

Here's this valuable right.



633

00:41:14,900 --> 00:41:22,010

So as you can see this value here is of type float and if you just put up this symbol value here the



634

00:41:22,010 --> 00:41:26,660

compiler thinks that you are assigning a value that is of type double.



635

00:41:26,810 --> 00:41:35,120

So you must explicitly let the compiler know that you mean float by just putting the character F after



636

00:41:35,120 --> 00:41:39,430

that at the end of your Actually your value your float value your decimal value.



637

00:41:39,560 --> 00:41:41,050

So I just put the child character in.



638

00:41:41,090 --> 00:41:44,570

And now the compiler is satisfied the error is gone.



639

00:41:44,570 --> 00:41:51,790

If you don't put this here and now as you can see the compiler is complaining and it says OK we are



640

00:41:51,920 --> 00:41:58,940

we found that we must assign the value float but we found the value double here.



641

00:41:58,970 --> 00:42:03,120

So just putting it in order to satisfy the compiler.



642

00:42:03,160 --> 00:42:06,160

Now I want to create a variable of type integer.



643

00:42:06,170 --> 00:42:13,100

So here I can say it and I can say that my number the name of my variable is going to be my integer



644

00:42:13,760 --> 00:42:16,310

number right.



645

00:42:16,340 --> 00:42:20,800

I put an assignment operator here and here I want to again use casting.



646

00:42:20,870 --> 00:42:22,550

So I put a pair of prentices.



647

00:42:22,820 --> 00:42:29,360

I put integers here right because I want to assign a value of integers to this value but right now I



648

00:42:29,360 --> 00:42:32,920

can refer to the name of this variable flautas value a semicolon.



649

00:42:33,440 --> 00:42:34,400

So what does this mean.



650

00:42:34,400 --> 00:42:37,180

Let me actually just delete this casting here.



651

00:42:37,310 --> 00:42:43,880

And now the compiler is showing us an error why if it actually hovered over this error it is incompatible



652

00:42:43,880 --> 00:42:45,230

types required.



653

00:42:45,270 --> 00:42:46,760

Ain't found flawed.



654

00:42:46,790 --> 00:42:47,750

What does this mean.



655

00:42:47,810 --> 00:42:53,090

This means that we have evaluable of that integer so we must assign a value of that mean to set this



656

00:42:53,090 --> 00:42:57,460

value about right but we assign a value of type float to this value.



657

00:42:57,650 --> 00:43:01,760

So how we can solve this problem how we can satisfy the compiler.



658

00:43:01,760 --> 00:43:05,260

So here I just need to use the casting.



659

00:43:05,630 --> 00:43:11,750

It just has this value to an integer value and the compiler is now satisfied.



660

00:43:11,930 --> 00:43:19,540

And now this float value is temporarily not actually for the entire life of this variable.



661

00:43:19,550 --> 00:43:24,860

Just temporarily It's just temporarily converted to a value of type integer.



662

00:43:24,860 --> 00:43:28,850

So this means it's going to actually delete this decimal value.



663

00:43:28,850 --> 00:43:34,850

If you cast this value to an integer value it's going to temporarily just delete this symbol value and



664

00:43:34,850 --> 00:43:37,890

it's going to assign only number 7 to this value but integer.



665

00:43:38,030 --> 00:43:39,820

So let me actually printed these values.



666

00:43:39,860 --> 00:43:43,190

Let me just output these values to the screen.



667

00:43:43,280 --> 00:43:47,030

So here I can say TXI the one that said text.



668

00:43:47,350 --> 00:43:50,770

And now I want to output the value of this float value to the console.



669

00:43:50,810 --> 00:43:52,900

So here I can say floats value.



670

00:43:53,060 --> 00:43:58,550

So because this is actually the value of a float and the Smurfit Septic's needs of value of strength.



671

00:43:58,730 --> 00:44:04,410

I just converted to a value of typesetting by just putting this plus operator and then two cards.



672

00:44:04,460 --> 00:44:06,450

And this is also called concatenating.



673

00:44:06,470 --> 00:44:09,320

So you are all already familiar with this concept right.



674

00:44:09,590 --> 00:44:13,920

So now let's let's actually run an application.



675

00:44:13,920 --> 00:44:17,080

Let me show you the emulator.



676

00:44:17,170 --> 00:44:19,230

So now it says seven point eight.



677

00:44:19,240 --> 00:44:20,610

So you can see this value.



678

00:44:20,650 --> 00:44:25,660

Now I want to output the value of the small integer number variable which holds again.



679

00:44:25,690 --> 00:44:30,520

This floats value here but you are casting to an integer data type.



680

00:44:30,610 --> 00:44:32,980

So here I can see to the.



681

00:44:33,190 --> 00:44:34,820

That said text.



682

00:44:34,930 --> 00:44:37,890

And here I can see my integer number.



683

00:44:38,320 --> 00:44:44,080

OK my integer number again because of that integer I must actually converted to a single value so just



684

00:44:44,080 --> 00:44:46,120

put a plus operator to cults.



685

00:44:46,120 --> 00:44:47,740

Let's run an application.



686

00:44:47,740 --> 00:44:49,630

Let me show you the emulator.



687

00:44:49,630 --> 00:44:56,320

Now you can see Number 7 here that this symbol value is actually the Eliminators here but you can only



688

00:44:56,320 --> 00:45:00,160

see number 7 and that's what this testing means.



689

00:45:00,340 --> 00:45:05,950

And in order to let you know that it is only temporarily temporarily cast it to an integer value.



690

00:45:05,950 --> 00:45:07,100

I am going to print.



691

00:45:07,180 --> 00:45:09,430

I am going to output this value to the console again.



692

00:45:09,430 --> 00:45:15,390

So to use the free that said text float value plus operators to close.



693

00:45:15,430 --> 00:45:17,040

Let's run an application again.



694

00:45:17,110 --> 00:45:18,690

Let me show you the emulator.



695

00:45:18,850 --> 00:45:23,580

And now you can see that it is still seven point eight right.



696

00:45:23,920 --> 00:45:25,270

So that's as easy as that.



697

00:45:25,270 --> 00:45:28,420

That's the concept of casting in programming.



698

00:45:28,690 --> 00:45:34,180

So now let me give you an other real world example so that this concept becomes a second nature for



699

00:45:34,180 --> 00:45:34,480

you.



700

00:45:34,590 --> 00:45:39,050

OK so here I am going to create a variable of type float again.



701

00:45:39,070 --> 00:45:46,080

So floats are the data type is going to be float and the name of my variable is going to be my float



702

00:45:47,390 --> 00:45:50,220

my float number.



703

00:45:51,200 --> 00:45:54,820

Assignment operator and I put a value of a float.



704

00:45:54,840 --> 00:45:57,130

I actually assign a value of that float to this value.



705

00:45:57,140 --> 00:46:01,670

So for example zero point seven or 0.9 semicolon.



706

00:46:02,210 --> 00:46:04,210

So now again it's written as an error.



707

00:46:04,220 --> 00:46:05,010

So I just put.



708

00:46:05,060 --> 00:46:09,470

I just need to put the F character here in order to satisfy the compiler.



709

00:46:09,470 --> 00:46:11,640

Let's create another variable of type float.



710

00:46:11,840 --> 00:46:12,760

The name is going to be.



711

00:46:12,760 --> 00:46:20,900

So let's change this name to my first my first floor number let's change let's give a name to this variable.



712

00:46:20,910 --> 00:46:24,590

My second my second floor number



713

00:46:27,580 --> 00:46:34,330

right now I can put an assignment operator here and this time I can put a value for example.



714

00:46:34,330 --> 00:46:41,620

Fifteen point eight if semicolon I can I actually assigned this value to this valuable my second floor



715

00:46:41,710 --> 00:46:42,390

number.



716

00:46:42,670 --> 00:46:45,240

So now I am going to create a variable of type integer.



717

00:46:45,290 --> 00:46:49,080

It resolved with an assignment operator.



718

00:46:49,090 --> 00:46:56,830

So now I am going to actually assign the multiplication of these two values together so here I can see



719

00:46:56,860 --> 00:47:03,730

my Fluke my first floor number multiplied by my second floor number semicolon.



720

00:47:03,880 --> 00:47:05,260

So now it's going to show us an error.



721

00:47:05,290 --> 00:47:12,460

And again because these two variables are of type float here and as you can see the result is going



722

00:47:12,460 --> 00:47:13,870

to be that float.



723

00:47:13,870 --> 00:47:16,580

So this is this is an integer.



724

00:47:16,600 --> 00:47:21,110

So here we must again cast this value this result to an integer value.



725

00:47:21,190 --> 00:47:28,870

So in order to do that I'll just put this expression inside the practice's here and now after this assignment



726

00:47:28,870 --> 00:47:33,090

operator again I put another pair of practices and I put integer here inside the apprentice's.



727

00:47:33,250 --> 00:47:37,510

So that it's going to actually execute this expression here first.



728

00:47:37,510 --> 00:47:42,200

And the result of this operation here the result of this multiplication here is going to be cast to



729

00:47:42,240 --> 00:47:46,820

an integer value and it's going to it's going to be assigned to this result variable.



730

00:47:46,870 --> 00:47:50,140

So let me actually print these values to the concert.



731

00:47:50,140 --> 00:47:55,630

So let me first just cast these codes.



732

00:47:55,660 --> 00:48:01,900

Let me just excuse me that any comment out of these quotes here because I want to actually use the actually



733

00:48:01,900 --> 00:48:03,220

the tea XTi here.



734

00:48:03,220 --> 00:48:10,020

So now I can say to Stephen that said text is the that said text.



735

00:48:10,090 --> 00:48:24,140

So now I can see my first floor number plus two coats right and now I can say to the two that said text



736

00:48:24,790 --> 00:48:28,230

and inside the apprentice's I have the first of the name of this variable.



737

00:48:28,240 --> 00:48:34,230

My second floor number plus two coats and finally takes the free.



738

00:48:34,690 --> 00:48:36,910

That's a text.



739

00:48:37,100 --> 00:48:43,310

And here I am going to out with the result to the screen result plus two coats.



740

00:48:43,640 --> 00:48:45,100

Let's run our application again.



741

00:48:45,110 --> 00:48:53,730

Let me show you the emulator and you can see these values the first value is forty point nine The second



742

00:48:53,750 --> 00:48:56,380

floor value is fifteen point eight.



743

00:48:56,380 --> 00:48:58,220

And the result is 61.



744

00:48:58,240 --> 00:48:58,840

Why.



745

00:48:58,840 --> 00:49:05,380

Because if you actually cast a result of this operation here to an integer value and we assign that



746

00:49:05,380 --> 00:49:06,810

integer value to this value but.



747

00:49:07,030 --> 00:49:11,980

So when you cast the results to an integer value it's going to actually eliminate that this small part



748

00:49:11,980 --> 00:49:13,400

of the value.



749

00:49:13,510 --> 00:49:16,610

And that's why it is only 61 here.



750

00:49:16,630 --> 00:49:19,740

So let me actually show you another example here.



751

00:49:19,750 --> 00:49:26,310

So for example we have actually over the bed for example my resort.



752

00:49:27,130 --> 00:49:38,290

For example my value my value assignment operator and here I can say two point seven multiplied by five



753

00:49:38,310 --> 00:49:39,300

semi-colon.



754

00:49:39,750 --> 00:49:44,240

So what happens here as you can see the first value is a float.



755

00:49:44,310 --> 00:49:46,590

But our second value is of type Integer.



756

00:49:46,800 --> 00:49:53,610

And the result of multiplication of a float value and are an integer value is going to be what a float



757

00:49:53,610 --> 00:49:54,560

value.



758

00:49:54,600 --> 00:49:59,790

So that's why it's actually showing us an error because the result of this operation is going to be



759

00:49:59,790 --> 00:50:03,740

of a float and it's going to actually be as good as it is.



760

00:50:03,830 --> 00:50:08,080

It's going to be picked up and so if we actually put the result of this operation is going to be off



761

00:50:08,080 --> 00:50:12,720

that float and float cannot be assigned to a valuable asset that integer.



762

00:50:12,720 --> 00:50:16,720

So again we must actually put this expression inside Apprentice's.



763

00:50:16,730 --> 00:50:23,750

And finally we can has this result to an integer value here and I can output this value to the console



764

00:50:23,760 --> 00:50:30,010

CTX the four here that said text my value plus two coats.



765

00:50:30,060 --> 00:50:31,630

Let's run an application now.



766

00:50:31,650 --> 00:50:33,720

Let me show you the emulator.



767

00:50:33,720 --> 00:50:38,220

I know it says 14 and that's really great.



768

00:50:38,220 --> 00:50:46,390

So now we have actually and other kinds of sort of for example we have two variables of that integer.



769

00:50:46,410 --> 00:50:55,440

So here I can say is are in our first value first int value assignment operator for example Number 10



770

00:50:55,590 --> 00:50:57,430

semicolon in.



771

00:50:57,930 --> 00:51:04,500

Let's create another variable and a second int value assignment operator.



772

00:51:04,720 --> 00:51:06,750

Number 20 is assign a semicolon.



773

00:51:07,000 --> 00:51:09,830

And now I can say 8 my results.



774

00:51:09,850 --> 00:51:15,300

So our result is actually and the name is going to be resolved.



775

00:51:15,700 --> 00:51:21,700

So remember you cannot actually use the we actually use the word spy and right so for example that the



776

00:51:21,720 --> 00:51:27,080

word it is already used by Android and you cannot use this name in order to name your radio.



777

00:51:27,400 --> 00:51:31,710

So you have to use unique names that are not used by Android itself.



778

00:51:31,750 --> 00:51:33,640

So that name is going to be into value



779

00:51:36,750 --> 00:51:38,430

right assignment operator.



780

00:51:38,520 --> 00:51:42,190

And here I can say that for example.



781

00:51:42,200 --> 00:51:49,240

So now this is going to have a floor to this and I can't name this valuable as a floor resort.



782

00:51:49,260 --> 00:51:50,910

Excuse me a flawed result.



783

00:51:52,500 --> 00:52:03,060

And OK so the name is not resolved and Hillary can say first into you for example plus or multiply multiplied



784

00:52:03,060 --> 00:52:07,490

by a second value a semicolon.



785

00:52:07,800 --> 00:52:12,840

So now as you can see it doesn't show us an error right.



786

00:52:12,930 --> 00:52:19,640

So that's what's the problem here why it doesn't show us and we hear the result of this operation is



787

00:52:19,650 --> 00:52:20,900

going to be off that integer.



788

00:52:20,970 --> 00:52:21,420

Right.



789

00:52:21,450 --> 00:52:26,730

This means that if we actually assign for example a number of free to this variable which is of type



790

00:52:26,730 --> 00:52:31,450

float here it doesn't show us an error.



791

00:52:31,560 --> 00:52:33,100

Number three is actually integer.



792

00:52:33,120 --> 00:52:36,820

And I can also print can also output this value to the console.



793

00:52:36,840 --> 00:52:45,170

I can say at 65 that said text flow result plus two quotes here.



794

00:52:45,180 --> 00:52:48,730

You don't have to actually cast this value to a float value.



795

00:52:48,750 --> 00:52:53,100

This integer value to awfullest value let's let's see what's the problem with the application.



796

00:52:53,100 --> 00:52:58,410

Now let me show you the emulator and it says free point zero.



797

00:52:58,440 --> 00:53:03,120

So it converted this value to our float value automatically.



798

00:53:03,120 --> 00:53:10,260

The Android converter of integer value that we assign to this variable is free which is that integer



799

00:53:10,410 --> 00:53:15,690

we assigned it to this variable of type float which its name is float result and we output this value



800

00:53:15,690 --> 00:53:16,410

to the console.



801

00:53:16,530 --> 00:53:18,210

So it is three point zero.



802

00:53:18,210 --> 00:53:25,870

So it is already actually converted to a value of that integer this number of free here.



803

00:53:25,890 --> 00:53:26,530

Right.



804

00:53:26,850 --> 00:53:36,300

So for example if we actually multiply first value here multiplied by a second in value the result is



805

00:53:36,300 --> 00:53:37,790

going to be of the integer right.



806

00:53:37,830 --> 00:53:42,960

But when we assign it to this value but of type float it is going to be converted to a value of type



807

00:53:42,960 --> 00:53:43,830

float.



808

00:53:43,890 --> 00:53:46,050

So it is going to have a decimal value.



809

00:53:46,050 --> 00:53:47,450

So let's run our application now.



810

00:53:47,460 --> 00:53:51,450

Let me show you the emulator and now it says two hundred point zero.



811

00:53:51,450 --> 00:53:53,570

So you can see this decimal value here.



812

00:53:53,670 --> 00:53:56,800

It is still has the symbol value last resort.



813

00:53:57,650 --> 00:54:03,350

So I think that see that is for this tutorial and I taught you lots of important concepts in this tutorial



814

00:54:03,350 --> 00:54:10,100

so make sure to practice on these skills and make sure to create an application the same as mine in



815

00:54:10,100 --> 00:54:11,870

order to practice these skills.



816

00:54:11,990 --> 00:54:14,470

In fact that's an assignment for you.



817

00:54:14,850 --> 00:54:16,200

So that's it.



818

00:54:16,220 --> 00:54:21,590

If you have any questions about the concepts that I taught you in this lesson please post the discussion



819

00:54:21,590 --> 00:54:25,150

in the course and then I'll do my best to answer all of your questions.



820

00:54:25,160 --> 00:54:28,160

Thank you very much for watching and I'll see if the next tutorial.



821

00:54:28,190 --> 00:54:32,930

And by the way I am actually updating the course and this app number free that I actually created here



822

00:54:32,960 --> 00:54:38,150

is the updated version of the app number free app free actually that we have all of in the course so



823

00:54:38,140 --> 00:54:39,770

I am going to update that course.



824

00:54:39,830 --> 00:54:40,780

So thank you very much.



825

00:54:40,790 --> 00:54:44,630

And I've seen the nice tutorial you.